Plasmablastic lymphoma in the paranasal sinus in a HIV positive patient : a rare entity

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) ranks second after Kaposi sarcoma in individuals who are infected with Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), becoming increasingly more common in oral cavity of HIV patients. PBL has been a investigative and therapeutic challenge because of its atypical morphology, immunohistochemical profile and a clinical course which results in high rate of recurrence and demise. We have described a atypical case of PBL affecting the maxillary sinus extending to involve the ethmoid sinuses and nasal cavity in a HIV infected patient and a brief review of literature regarding PBL.peer-reviewe

Effect of short-term naturopathy and yoga intervention on anthropometric variables, lipid profile and thyroid profile in obese hypothyroid patients: a randomised controlled trial

Background: Hypothyroidism reflects decreased thyroid function and is one of the most common conditions seen in clinical practice. Practice of naturopathy and yoga has shown improvement in anthropometric variables and lipid profile in obesity and other chronic diseases. So, the aim of this study was to find out the effect of naturopathy and yoga in obese hypothyroid patients.Methods: A total of 60 subjects, of which 29 males (age 44.2±7.0 years) and 31 females (age 40.6±7.4 years) with body mass index (BMI), ≥30 were randomly assigned to case group (n=30) and wait list control group (n=30). The subjects of case group underwent naturopathy and yoga intervention for 10 days. Anthropometric variables, viz., body weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference, serum lipid profile, and serum thyroid profile were assessed at 1st day (pre), at the end of 10 day (post).Results: The result showed a significant reduction in body weight, BMI, WC, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) along with significant improvement in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in case group compared with control group in independent samples t test. Significant reduction in body weight, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-C and TSH were observed in case group unlike in control group in student's paired t test.Conclusions: Reduction in the body weight, BMI and improvement in serum lipid profile and serum thyroid profile in case group subjects compared to control group suggest that naturopathy and yoga have therapeutic and protective effects in the management of obese hypothyroid patients

Effect of yoga on autonomic functions in medical students: a pilot study

Background: Stress and anxiety being the major contributors of morbidity, leads to many chronic diseases and is known to invariably decrease the quality of life and even life span. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), a part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the visceral system, functioning largely under the level of consciousness, capable of being influenced by the psychological factors and influences the physiological processes happening in the body.  Non-pharmacological therapies play a major role to relieve stress and anxiety of which yoga takes first place compared to pharmacological treatment. Present study adopts a systematic approach in comparing the effects of practicing yoga for one year with novices on autonomic and respiratory variables.Methods: We recruited sixty subjects from the Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Naturopathy & Yogic Sciences, Ujire and their mean age group is 18.8 ± 2.3 fulfilling the selection criteria, after they gave written consent to participate. They were divided into 2 groups based on their experience of practicing yoga. Each group consisted of 30 subjects. Group 1 includes participants with no experience in yoga (Novices group) and Group 2 (Yoga group) includes individuals with one year experience of practicing yoga. Each group consists of 17 males and 13 females respectively. The study was approved by the ethical review committee. Informed written consent was obtained from all subjects. All students were subjected to Onetime Assessment for autonomic variables and respiration at base line and during deep breathing.Results: In our study we observed that there was a significant decrease in heart rate (P = 0.004***) following intervention in yoga group compared to novice group. There was a significant difference in Respiration rate (P = 0.003***) and Mean RR (P = 0.002***) which indicate increase parasympathetic activity in yoga group compared to novice group. There is also a significant difference in time domain parameter PNN50 (P = 0.030*) which is an indicator of parasympathetic activity. There was no significant difference in other time domain and frequency domain parameter.Conclusion: Practicing yoga regularly for one year can reduce the physiological arousal and develops the ability to adapt to a demanding situation.

Effect of a hydrotherapy based alternate compress on osteoarthritis of the knee joint: a randomized controlled trial

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knees causes pain; swelling and decreases its range of motion in the knee joint. An alternate hot and cold compress gives a circulatory effect without thermic reaction. This treatment induces only a revulsive, non-excitant, and analgesic effect, till date there have been no investigations on the usage of an alternate hot and cold compress as an intervention in individuals with OA of knees.Methods: The control group (n=30) received only routine naturopathy based treatments, whereas the study group received naturopathy based treatments along with an alternate hot and cold compress as an additional intervention for 10 days. Subjects were assessed with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) as standard questionnaires at baseline and at the end of 10 days.Results: To perform statistical analysis of the collected data we use Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness of fit test to validate the assumption of normality. We applied Paired sample t – test to test the effectiveness before the treatment and after the treatment in Control group as well in Intervention group. We use independent two sample t-test to test effectiveness of treatment. Results of NRS and KOOS questionnaire are expressed as mean and standard deviation and P value (< 0.05). There was a significant reduction in pain in experimental group compared to control group P value (< 0.05).Conclusions: This study concluded that an alternate hydryatic compress was effective in the management of pain in knee OA

Y chromosome microdeletion and cytogenetic findings in male infertility: A cross-sectional descriptive study

Background: Infertility affects about 15% of couples worldwide, and the male factor alone is responsible for approximately 50% of the cases. Genetic factors have been found to play important roles in the etiology of azoospermia and severe oligospermia conditions that affect 30% of individuals seeking treatment at infertility clinics. Objective: To determine the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletion in infertile men. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 infertile men with abnormal semen parameters were included in this study from 2014 to 2018. Chromosomal analysis was carried out using standard G-banding using Trypsin Giemsa protocol. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the Y microdeletion frequency. Results: All participants were aged between 22 and 48 yr with a mean and standard deviation of 35.5 ± 5.1. Of the 100 subjects included in the study, three had Klinefelter syndrome-47,XXY, one had balanced carrier translocation- 46,XY,t(2;7)(q21;p12), one with the balanced carrier translocation with inversion of Y chromosome 45,XY,der(13;14)(q10;q10),inv(Y), one had polymorphic variant of chromosome 15, one had Yqh-, and another had an inversion of chromosome 9. Y chromosome microdeletion of Azoospermia factor c region was observed in 2% of the cases. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first reported case with unique, balanced carrier translocation of chromosome 2q21 and 7p21. Conclusion: The present study emphasizes the importance of routine cytogenetic screening and Y microdeletion assessment for infertile men, which can provide specific and better treatment options before undergoing assisted reproductive technology during genetic counseling. Key words: Chromosome aberrations, Infertility, Chromosome deletion, Polymerase chain reaction, Sequence tagged sites

Effect of a plant versus animal based diet on lipid profile of yoga practicing medical students: a pilot study

Background: Foods play an important role in human health. An excess accumulation of cholesterol in the body is one of the main causes of cardio vascular disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and mortality. In the interests of food safety and public health, plants and their compounds are now re-emerging as an alternative approach to treat gastrointestinal diseases. The present study was designed to discuss changes in blood cholesterol levels after the consumption of animal based (non vegetarian) and plant based (vegetarian) food on yoga practising medical students.Methods: Of 81 subjects, a total of 60 subjects within the age group 18 to 22 years were selected for the study and were divided into two groups, non-vegetarian diet group (group A; n=30) and vegetarian diet group (group B; n=30). Subjects in the group A were given a non vegetarian diet and group B a vegetarian diet for a period of 10 days. Assessments were done at baseline and after 10 days.Results: There were no statistically significant changes seen in the lipid profiles of group B and group A after the application of a paired t test. In this study the mean value of total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum LDL and serum VLDL were found to be slightly higher in vegetarian group than the non-vegetarian group. Mean value of serum HDL was found to be higher in non-vegetarian group than the vegetarian.Conclusions: The present study concludes that there are more changes in the pre and post lipid profile assessments of the vegetarian group in comparison to the non-vegetarian group

Prevalence of Talon cusp in Indian population

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of the talon cusps in a sample of Indian dental patients and their distribution among different types of teeth. To determine the presence of other dental anomalies associated with the talon cusps. Methodology: 2740 out patients (1523 males and 1217 females) attending Oral Medicine department from November 2010 to January 2011 were screened for the presence of talon cusps and were subjected to Intra Oral Peri-apical (IOPA) radiograph to rule out any associated anomalies or peri-apical changes. Results: Talon cusps were detected in 16 out of 2740 patients (person prevalence 0.58%). Thirty one teeth were found to have talon cusp. Maxillary lateral incisors were the most commonly affected teeth (54.8%, 17 teeth), followed by maxillary central incisors and canines (16.12%, 5 teeth).Talon cusp was found in two mandibular central incisors (6.45%) and one each in mandibular second and third molar (3.22% each). Seventeen teeth in 7 patients (54.83%) were found to be associated with anomalies like dens invagination (6 teeth, 19.35%), impacted 13, 23 (6 teeth, 19.35%), partial anodontia (3 teeth, 9.67%), geographic and fissured tongue (2 teeth, 6.45%). Peri-apical granuloma was found in one tooth with talon cusp associated with dens invaginatus. None of the patients were found to be associated with any syndromes. Conclusion: Attention should be paid to the presence of the talon cusp and the associated anomalies. Early diagnosis of the talon cusp can help the clinician in preventing the further complications

Comparative Study on Effect of Moist Heat Therapy and Acupuncture as an Adjuvant to a Comprehensive Naturopathy Treatment in Management of Chronic Neck Pain- A Randomized Control Trial

Abstract : Background:Chronic neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder. The use of Naturopathy, Moist heat and Acupuncture is common, it is essential to understand individual contributions of therapies when used as an adjuvant to Naturopathy in alleviating chronic neck pain and improving quality of life. Materials and Methods: Sixty subjects were assigned to either group 1 (Moist heat with Naturopathy) or group 2 (Acupuncture with Naturopathy). Subjects received treatments for ten days. Assessments were made before (baseline) and after intervention. The assessment tools included were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Short form-36 (SF-36

Novel Paclitaxel Nanoformulation Impairs De Novo Lipid Synthesis in Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Enhances Gemcitabine Efficacy

Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is a highly lethal disease with a poor 5 year survival rate, less than 7%. It has a dismal prognosis, and more than 50% of cases are detected at an advanced and metastatic stage. Gemcitabine (GEM) is a gold standard chemotherapy used for PanCa treatment. However, GEM-acquired resistance in cancer cells is considered as a major setback for its continued clinical implementation. This phenomenon is evidently linked to de novo lipid synthesis. PanCa cells rely on de novo lipid synthesis, which is a prime event in survival and one of the key drivers for tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and drug resistance. Thus, the depletion of lipogenesis or lipid metabolism can not only improve treatment outcomes but also overcome chemoresistance, which is an unmet clinical need. Toward this effort, our study reports a unique paclitaxel−poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (PPNPs) formulation which can target lipid metabolism and improve anticancer efficacy of GEM in PanCa cells. PPNPs inhibit excessive lipid formation and alter membrane stability with compromised membrane integrity, which was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and zeta potential measurements. The effective interference of PPNPs in lipid metabolic signaling was determined by reduction in the expression of FASN, ACC, lipin, and Cox-2 proteins. This molecular action profoundly enhances efficacy of GEM as evident through enhanced inhibitory effects on the tumorigenic and metastasis assays in PanCa cells. These data clearly suggest that the ablation of lipid metabolism might offer an innovative approach for the improved therapeutic outcome in PanCa patients