Total Semirelib Graph

In this paper, the concept of Total semirelib graph of a planar graph is introduced. Authors present a characterization of those graphs whose total semirelib graphs are planar, outer planar, Eulerian, hamiltonian with crossing number one

Purification of a trypsin inhibitor from Cocculus hirsutus and identification of its biological activity

Proteinase inhibitors play a significant role in plant defense against insect pests and phytopathogens by inhibiting their proteases. A thermotolerant monomeric trypsin inhibitor with molecular weight ∼18kD was purified from Cocculus hirsutus (ChTI) using trypsin sepharose affinity column. Western blot analysis using ChTI IgY revealed its presence in vegetative parts and seeds. The second and third instar larvae of H. armigera fed with ChTI (5000TIU/ml) resulted in 84.59 and 58.71% reduction in mean larval weight respectively. An increase in the larval growth period was observed in ChTI fed larvae at all instars and inhibitor fed larvae could not complete their life cycle. ChTI caused 74 and 59.53% inhibition of bovine trypsin and Helicoverpa gut proteases respectively. ChTI exhibited strain specificity and inhibited growth and development of plant fungal pathogens. Bioassay studies on yeast strains indicated that ΔYNK and MNN1 are more sensitive to ChTI. The results suggest that phosphodiester linkage in cell wall components is likely to be the key determinants for binding of ChTI. Taken together, these studies indicate that ChTI is a potential candidate for development of transgenic plants against foliar diseases and insect pests

Optimization of Squeeze Cast Process Parameters Using Taguchi and Grey Relational Analysis

AbstractThe near-net shape manufacturing capabilities of squeeze casting process have greater potential to achieve smooth uniform surface and internal soundness in the cast components. In squeeze casting process, casting density and surface finish is influenced majorly by process variables. Proper control of the process variables is essential to achieve better results. Hence in the present work an attempt made using taguchi method to analyze the squeeze cast process variables such as squeeze pressure, die and pouring temperature considering at three different levels using L9 orthogonal array. Pareto analysis of variance performed on each response to find out optimum process parameter levels and significant contribution of each individual process parameter towards surface roughness and density of LM20 alloy. Grey relation analysis used as a multi-response optimization technique to obtain the single optimal process parameter setting for both the responses surface roughness and casting density

The age and mode of presentation of benign prostatic hyperplasia at Hubli in Karnataka

Background: The peculiarities of the prostate are that in old age when most of organ regresses in size it enlarges and causes trouble. By virtue of its position, it guards outlet of urinary bladder. It must be admitted that even today the extent nature of etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis are all-debatable. Therefore, the present study was aimed at elucidating the age and mode of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia among the patients in and around Hubli, Karnataka.Methods: The study was conducted after the institutional ethical committee approval and written informed consent from all the patients. 21 cases of BPH were included in the present study. The signs and symptoms of mode of presentation were recorded. The urine was examined for the presence of albumin, pus cells, epithelial cells and RBCs.  Results: The maximum incidence of the disease was in the age group of 60-69 years. Majority of the patients had difficulty in micturition followed by increased frequency of micturition both during day and night Patient with retention usually had distension of bladder. These patients complained of dull aching pain in the suprapubic area and in the groin region. Burning micturition (14.28%), dribbling of urine (4.76%), urgency (4.76%), and haematuria (4.76%) were present. Routine urine examination showed albumin (28.56%), pus cells (23.80%), epithelial cells (19.04%) and haematuria (4.76%).  Conclusion: Incidence of BPH at Hubli region of Karnataka is 0.3001% of total hospital admission. The maximum age incidence of BPH is in the age group of 60-69 years. Majority of the patients had difficulty in micturition increased frequency of micturition both during day and night a large number of cases show association with presence of urinary tract infection.

Forward and Reverse Process Models for the Squeeze Casting Process Using Neural Network Based Approaches

The present research work is focussed to develop an intelligent system to establish the input-output relationship utilizing forward and reverse mappings of artificial neural networks. Forward mapping aims at predicting the density and secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) from the known set of squeeze cast process parameters such as time delay, pressure duration, squeezes pressure, pouring temperature, and die temperature. An attempt is also made to meet the industrial requirements of developing the reverse model to predict the recommended squeeze cast parameters for the desired density and SDAS. Two different neural network based approaches have been proposed to carry out the said task, namely, back propagation neural network (BPNN) and genetic algorithm neural network (GA-NN). The batch mode of training is employed for both supervised learning networks and requires huge training data. The requirement of huge training data is generated artificially at random using regression equation derived through real experiments carried out earlier by the same authors. The performances of BPNN and GA-NN models are compared among themselves with those of regression for ten test cases. The results show that both models are capable of making better predictions and the models can be effectively used in shop floor in selection of most influential parameters for the desired outputs

Clinical profile of hepatocellular carcinoma and experience with sorafenib from a tertiary cancer centre in Southern India

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a major health problem and a major cause of cancer mortality in India. There are no reports published on experience with sorafenib in advanced HCC from India. We analyzed the clinical presentation, possible etiological factors, tumor characteristics, outcomes and tolerability of sorafenib in the patients presenting to present cancer center.Methods: Retrospective chart review of 53 patients was done. 53 patients (male 37, female 16; median age 52 years, range 7-80 years) fulfilling the diagnostic criteria were analyzed for clinical characteristics, hematological and biochemical investigations, tumor characteristics, treatment taken and outcome.Results: 53 patients were diagnosed to have HCC between 2012-2015. Hepatitis B virus infection was the most common underlying etiologic factor (22.6%). Heavy alcohol intake was seen in 5 patients. PS ≥2 was noted in 66% of patients. 68% of the patients had BCLC stage C. Sorafenib was well tolerated with median OS of 3 months in patients taking sorafenib.Conclusions: Most of the patients had advanced inoperable HCC. Majority of the patients presented with BCLC Stage C and D. Hepatitis B infection was the most common underlying etiology. Sorafenib was well tolerated. More prospective studies are required for getting a clearer and correct picture of HCC and experience with sorafenib in Indian scenario

3-{1-[4-(2-Methyl­prop­yl)phen­yl]eth­yl}-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione

In the title compound, C20H23N3S, the central 1,2,4-triazole ring makes dihedral angles of 69.76 (9) and 81.69 (8)°, respectively, with the phenyl and benzene rings. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into a centrosymmetric dimer by a pair of inter­molecular N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, generating an R 2 2(8) ring motif

A study on prescription analysis and utilization of antibiotics in geriatric in-patients admitted in Shimoga institute of medical sciences tertiary care hospital, Shimoga, Karnataka, India

Background: Geriatrics is concerned with population aged 60 and above. Elderly suffer from various problems of the old age and hence prone to suffer from various adverse effects due to multiple drug use. In this regard rational use of drugs assumes importance. Hence the present study was conducted to study the rationality of prescriptions and utilization of antibiotics in the geriatric age group.Methods: 126 inpatient prescriptions were chosen and analysed for their rationality according to WHO core drug use indicators. The prescriptions were chosen randomly during the months of July to November 2013 from inpatients at district Mcgann teaching hospital. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data.Results: 97% of total drugs prescribed were from essential drug list (EDL). Cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed group of antibiotics. Respiratory diseases were the maximum cause of admission to the hospital followed by cardiovascular diseases. Prescription by brand name was 57.93% while generic drug prescription was 40.65% of total drugs prescribed. 7.81% of total drugs were prescribed as fixed drug combination average of 6.25 drugs were prescribed per person and 1.39% of prescriptions were illegible.Conclusions: Most of drugs prescribed were from WHO model list of essential drugs which conforms to WHO rational drug use. Also prescription by generic name has to be emphasized to promote rationality of prescriptions. Antibiotic prescriptions should be preceded by microbiological testing wherever indicated and illegible prescriptions should be prevented at all costs. Adherence to guidelines regarding drug use in the elderly can help in rational drug use in elderly