Unresolved taxonomy confounds invasive species identification: the Lysmata vittata Stimpson, 1860 (Decapoda: Caridea: Lysmatidae) species complex and recent introduction of Lysmata vittata sensu stricto in the western Atlantic

Peppermint shrimp resembling Lysmata vittata Stimpson, 1860, a species native to the Indo- West Pacific, were found in the lower Chesapeake Bay and adjacent coastal embayments in 2013, representing the first recorded introduction of this species in the northwestern Atlantic. Conflicting morphological descriptions, inconsistent morphological terminology, and limited molecular data (i.e., unresolved taxonomy), as well as the destruction of the type material of L. vittata, created uncertainty regarding proper identification. We provide the first phylogeny incorporating individuals from across the presumed native and introduced range of L. vittata. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses clearly indicate L. vittata represents a species complex of two widely divergent groups: 1) “Bruce Type” with a uniramous dorsal antennule that agrees with A.J. Bruce’s 1990 redescription of L. vittata, and 2) “Rauli Type” with a one-article accessory branch on the dorsal antennule that agrees most closely with the junior synonym L. rauli Laubenheimer & Rhyne, 2010. Given the taxonomic ambiguity surrounding L. vittata, we designate the individual used by A.J. Bruce to redescribe L. vittata and incorporated in our analyses as a neotype to fix the identity of this species. We therefore identify introduced North American and New Zealand populations as L. vittata sensu stricto and postulate that the native range spans temperate/subtropical East Asia. These data suggest that L. rauli is a valid species, which includes a possible undescribed sister species. We confirm the presence of L. californica Stimpson, 1866 in New Zealand, the first non-native record for this species. We also provide data suggesting L. dispar Hayashi, 2007 may be more widespread in the Indo-West Pacific than currently known and consider L. lipkei Okuno & Fiedler, 2010 to be a likely junior synonym

Checklist of the Porcellanidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) of India

Although the porcellanid fauna of Indian waters has been studied for more than 150 years, diversity of this family remains underestimated. In order to complement the knowledge on the porcellanid fauna of India, an annotated checklist is herein provided on the basis of published literature. A total of 30 species belonging to 11 genera are currently known from Indian waters. The distribution ranges of two porcellanids Porcellanella haigae and Pseudoporcellanella manoliensis indicate that they are endemic, as they are, so far, known only from their type locality (Gulf of Mannar, Tamilnadu). The list is arranged alphabetically by genus and species with information on species’ distribution and ecology

New records of marine ornamental shrimps (Decapoda: Stenopodidea and Caridea) from the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India

Marine ornamental shrimps found in tropical coral reef waters are widely recognized for the aquarium trade. Our survey of ornamental shrimps in the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu (India) has found three species, which we identify as Stenopus hispidus Olivier, 1811, Lysmata debelius Bruce, 1983, and L. amboinensis De Man, 1888, based on morphology and color pattern. These shrimps are recorded for the first time in Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu. Detailed information, including the description of specimens, habitat and distribution, is provided.

A Study of Within-Host Dynamics of Dengue Infection incorporating both Humoral and Cellular Response with a Time Delay for Production of Antibodies

Abstract a. Background: Dengue is an acute illness caused by a virus. The complex behaviour of the virus in human body can be captured using mathematical models. These models helps us to enhance our understanding on the dynamics of the virus. b. Objectives: We propose to study the dynamics of within-host epidemic model of dengue infection which incorporates both innate immune response and adaptive immune response (Cellular and Humoral). The proposed model also incorporates the time delay for production of antibodies from B cells. We propose to understand the dynamics of the this model using the dynamical systems approach by performing the stability and sensitivity analysis. c. Methods used: The basic reproduction number (R0) has been computed using the next generation matrix method. The standard stability analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed on the proposed model. d. Results: The critical level of the antibody recruitment rate(q) was found to be responsible for the existence and stability of various steady states. The stability of endemic state was found to be dependent on time delay(τ). The sensitivity analysis identified the production rate of antibodies (q) to be highly sensitive parameter. e. Conclusions: The existence and stability conditions for the equilibrium points have been obtained. The threshold value of time delay (τ0) has been computed which is critical for change in stability of the endemic state. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the crucial and sensitive parameters of the model

Figure 4 in An integrative taxonomic and phylogenetic approach reveals a complex of cryptic species in the \u27peppermint\u27 shrimp Lysmata wurdemanni sensu stricto

Figure 4. Species delimitation analyses in Lysmata wurdemanni s.s. based on the mitochondrial 16S rRNA DNA gene marker. Vertical bars represent dissimilar taxonomic units suggested by various species delimitation methods. Abbreviations of tests: ADGB-PP, automatic barcode gap discovery, primary partition; ABGD-RP, automatic barcode gap discovery, recursive partition; bGMYC, Bayesian general mixed-Yule coalescent model; BPP, Bayesian phylogenetics and phylogeography; mPTP, multi-rate Poisson tree process. Other abbreviations: FLE, Florida East (N = 16)

FIGURE 2. Lysmata baueri n in A new species of Lysmata Risso, 1816 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Lysmatidae) from the Gulf of Mexico

FIGURE 2. Lysmata baueri n. sp.: holoTYpe male (UF 43989); a, firST pereiopod, laTeral view; b, Same, chela and fingerS, venTral view; c, Second pereiopod, laTeral view; d, Same, chela, venTral view; e, Same, deTail of iSchium, laTeral view; f, Third maXilliped, laTeral view; g, Same, Tip of ulTimaTe SegmenT, venTral view; h, Third pereiopod, laTeral view; i, Same, diSTal propoduS and dacTYluS; j, fifTh pereiopod, laTeral view; K, Same, diSTal propoduS and dacTYluS

New records of marine ornamental shrimps (Decapoda: Stenopodidea and Caridea) from the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India

Marine ornamental shrimps found in tropical coral reef waters are widely recognized for the aquarium trade. Our survey of ornamental shrimps in the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu (India) has found three species, which we identify as Stenopus hispidus Olivier, 1811, Lysmata debelius Bruce, 1983, and L. amboinensis De Man, 1888, based on morphology and color pattern. These shrimps are recorded for the first time in Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu. Detailed information, including the description of specimens, habitat and distribution, is provided.

Notes on some Indo-Pacific Caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae and Gnathophyllidae) particularly from India

Prakash, Sanjeevi, Kumar, Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith, Subramoniam, Thanumalaya (2015): Notes on some Indo-Pacific Caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae and Gnathophyllidae) particularly from India. Zootaxa 3914 (4): 456-466, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.4.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus a causative bacterium for tail rot disease in ornamental fish, Amphiprion sebae

The present study was performed to identify the tail rot disease causing bacterium in marine ornamental fish, Amphiprion sebae. Bacteria were isolated from the infected immune organs and tail region of A. sebae. Five different bacterial isolates (S1-S5) with different shape, size and colour were chosen for the infection study. The isolated strains were individually challenged with A. sebae at a constant dose of 1 × 107 CFU/fish. The virulent strain was found to be S-3, which showed maximum reproducing ability in A. sebae by causing typical tail rot disease and mortality. Furthermore, S-3 strain was identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (KF738005), biochemical analysis and amplification of tox R gene. Subsequently, extracellular products (ECPs) of V. parahaemolyticus were prepared by cellophane overlay method. The LD50 value of V. parahaemolyticus and its ECPS were found to be 1 × 105 CFU and 5 μg/fish. The histology results revealed that V. parahaemolyticus and its ECPS are the major cause of tail rot disease in A. sebae