950 research outputs found
Atmospheric turbulence in phase-referenced and wide-field interferometric images: Application to the SKA
Phase referencing is a standard calibration procedure in radio
interferometry. It allows to detect weak sources by using quasi-simultaneous
observations of closeby sources acting as calibrators. Therefore, it is assumed
that, for each antenna, the optical paths of the signals from both sources are
similar. However, atmospheric turbulence may introduce strong differences in
the optical paths of the signals and affect, or even waste, phase referencing
for cases of relatively large calibrator-to-target separations and/or bad
weather. The situation is similar in wide-field observations, since the random
deformations of the images, mostly caused by atmospheric turbulence, have
essentially the same origin as the random astrometric variations of
phase-referenced sources with respect to the phase center of their calibrators.
In this paper, we present the results of a Monte Carlo study of the astrometric
precision and sensitivity of an interferometric array (a realization of the
Square Kilometre Array, SKA) in phase-referenced and wide-field observations.
These simulations can be extrapolated to other arrays by applying the
corresponding corrections. We consider several effects from the turbulent
atmosphere (i.e., ionosphere and wet component of the troposphere) and also
from the antenna receivers. We study the changes in dynamic range and
astrometric precision as a function of observing frequency, source separation,
and strength of the turbulence. We find that, for frequencies between 1 and 10
GHz, it is possible to obtain images with high fidelity, although the
atmosphere strongly limits the sensitivity of the instrument compared to the
case with no atmosphere. Outside this frequency window, the dynamic range of
the images and the accuracy of the source positions decrease. [...] (Incomplete
abstract. Please read manuscript.)Comment: 9 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Transmission measurement at 10.6 microns of Te2As3Se5 rib-waveguides on As2S3 substrate
The feasibility of chalcogenide rib waveguides working at lambda = 10.6
microns has been demonstrated. The waveguides comprised a several microns thick
Te2As3Se5 film deposited by thermal evaporation on a polished As2S3 glass
substrate and further etched by physical etching in Ar or CF4/O2 atmosphere.
Output images at 10.6 microns and some propagation losses roughly estimated at
10dB/cm proved that the obtained structures behaved as channel waveguides with
a good lateral confinement of the light. The work opens the doors to the
realisation of components able to work in the mid and thermal infrared up to 20
microns and even more.Comment: The following article appeared in Vigreux-Bercovici et al., Appl.
Phys. Lett. 90, 011110 (2007) and may be found at
http://link.aip.org/link/?apl/90/01111
Taking SPARQL 1.1 extensions into account in the SWIP system
International audienceThe SWIP system aims at hiding the complexity of expressing a query in a graph query language such as SPARQL. We propose a mechanism by which a query expressed in natural language is translated into a SPARQL query. Our system analyses the sentence in order to exhibit concepts, instances and relations. Then it generates a query in an internal format called the pivot language. Finally, it selects pre-written query patterns and instantiates them with regard to the keywords of the initial query. These queries are presented by means of explicative natural language sentences among which the user can select the query he/she is actually interested in. We are currently focusing on new kinds of queries which are handled by the new version of our system, which is now based on the 1.1 version of SPARQL
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Delivery of Family-Based Treatment for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa in a Public Health Care Setting: Research Versus Non-Research Specialty Care.
Comparing evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) to usual care typically demonstrates the superiority of EBPs, although this has not been studied for eating disorders EBPs such as family-based treatment (FBT). The current study set out to examine weight outcomes for adolescents with anorexia nervosa who received FBT through a randomized clinical research trial (RCT, n = 54) or non-research specialty care (n = 56) at the same specialist pediatric eating disorder service. Weight was recorded throughout outpatient treatment (up to 18 sessions over 6 months), as well as at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Survival curves were used to examine time to weight restoration [greater than 95% median body mass index (mBMI)] as predicted by type of care (RCT vs. non-research specialty care), baseline clinical and demographic characteristics, and their potential interaction. Results did not indicate a significant main effect for type of care, but there was a significant effect for baseline weight (p = .03), such that weight restoration was achieved faster across both treatment types for those with a higher initial %mBMI. These data suggest that weight restoration achieved in non-research specialty care FBT was largely similar to that achieved in a controlled research trial. Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.anzctr.org.au/, identifier ACTRN12610000216011
Monitoring the Bi-Directional Relativistic Jets of the Radio Galaxy 1946+708
We report on a multi-frequency, multi-epoch campaign of Very Long Baseline
Interferometry observations of the radio galaxy 1946+708 using the VLBA and a
Global VLBI array. From these high-resolution observations we deduce the
kinematic age of the radio source to be 4000 years, comparable with the
ages of other Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs). Ejections of pairs of jet
components appears to take place on time scales of 10 years and these
components in the jet travel outward at intrinsic velocities between 0.6 and
0.9 c. From the constraint that jet components cannot have intrinsic velocities
faster than light, we derive H_0 > 57 km s^-1 Mpc^-1 from the fastest pair of
components launched from the core. We provide strong evidence for the ejection
of a new pair of components in ~1997. From the trajectories of the jet
components we deduce that the jet is most likely to be helically confined,
rather than purely ballistic in nature.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, accepted to Ap
Comparison of the Clinical Features of SARS-CoV-2, Other Coronavirus and Influenza Infections in Infants Less Than 1-Year-Old
Rings and rigidity transitions in network glasses
Three elastic phases of covalent networks, (I) floppy, (II) isostatically
rigid and (III) stressed-rigid have now been identified in glasses at specific
degrees of cross-linking (or chemical composition) both in theory and
experiments. Here we use size-increasing cluster combinatorics and constraint
counting algorithms to study analytically possible consequences of
self-organization. In the presence of small rings that can be locally I, II or
III, we obtain two transitions instead of the previously reported single
percolative transition at the mean coordination number , one from a
floppy to an isostatic rigid phase, and a second one from an isostatic to a
stressed rigid phase. The width of the intermediate phase and the
order of the phase transitions depend on the nature of medium range order
(relative ring fractions). We compare the results to the Group IV
chalcogenides, such as Ge-Se and Si-Se, for which evidence of an intermediate
phase has been obtained, and for which estimates of ring fractions can be made
from structures of high T crystalline phases.Comment: 29 pages, revtex, 7 eps figure
Sistemas agroalimentarios saludables en Lima: Rol de las Agroferias Campesinas y Bioferias en Lima Metropolitana
El presente estudio se ha centrado en el análisis de los sistemas agroalimentarios saludables en la ciudad de Lima, específicamente los sistemas urbanos y periurbanos. El objetivo principal del estudio fue entender la dinámica y los principales actores que influyen en los sistemas agroalimentarios saludables en Lima.
Se utilizó una metodología de tres pasos que incluye: (1) el mapeo de actores, (2) la identificación de los componentes en el sistema agroalimentario saludable dentro de un contexto socio económico y ambiental, y (3) el análisis de las dinámicas de sistemas agroalimentarios para obtener un entendimiento detallado del sistema y las sinergias y obstáculos entre los medios de vida de los productores urbanos y su contexto socioeconómico y ambiental. La información fue colectada a través de grupos focales con los actores que participan directa o indirectamente en las Agroferias Campesinas y Bioferias. Estos espacios tienen diferencias en términos de variedad de productos, fuentes de productos, y características de los consumidores.
El análisis de los sistemas agroalimentarios urbanos y periurbanos reveló varios retos. Estos incluyen los impactos ambientales y el equilibrio territorial que afectan la producción agroalimentaria, la falta de apoyo institucional, la competencia por el agua, y los problemas fitosanitarios. Además, se identificó la falta de sensibilidad hacia los beneficios de los productos agroecológicos y la inestabilidad en los espacios para la venta de estos productos. Los sistemas agroalimentarios en Lima también enfrentan desafíos en la comercialización, incluyendo la falta de diferencia en los precios de productos orgánicos y convencionales, y la escasa asociatividad entre productores orgánicos.
El estudio subraya la importancia de comprender los sistemas agroalimentarios saludables para identificar oportunidades de transformación y mejorar la resiliencia de estos sistemas en un contexto urbano en constante cambio. Se destacó la necesidad de proteger los espacios de producción y de comercialización, así como la necesidad de generar insumos productivos para reducir el uso de químicos y hacer los productos más accesibles para todas las clases sociales. Aunque hay desafíos significativos, también existen oportunidades para mejorar la salud y la sostenibilidad de los sistemas agroalimentarios en Lima
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