Separation Of Potassium Clavulanate And Potassium Chloride By Nanofiltration: Transport And Evaluation Of Membranes

In this work, four commercial nanoporous membranes (NF and NF90 from Filmtec TM, and NP010 and NP030 from Microdyn Nadir) have been characterized and evaluated in order to use them to separate potassium clavulanate and potassium chloride. Their charge density has been investigated by Tangential Streaming Potential measurements for several concentrations of KCl and pH. The isoelectric point of the membranes has been found to be between pH 5.0 and 6.0. Their rejection for KCl has also been measured and the corresponding concentration polarization effect has been taken into account. Nanofiltration modeling, that considers the steric, electric and dielectric exclusion and the charge variation along the pores (SEDE-VCh model), satisfactorily describes the retention of KCl by using the dielectric constant inside the pores, p, as the only fitting parameter. Although all the studied membranes are highly retentive for the potassium clavulanate, KCA, the most suitable membranes for KCA purification, attending to the KCl/KCA selectivity are NF or NF90 membranes at all pH. Lower pH values give higher selectivity for all the membranes. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.8312330Bersanetti, P.A., Almeida, R.M.R.G., Barboza, M., Araujo, M.L.G.C., Hokka, C.O., Kinetic studies on clavulanic acid degradation (2005) Biochemical Engineering Journal, 23 (1), pp. 31-36. , DOI 10.1016/j.bej.2004.10.007, PII S1369703X04002748Morao, A.I.C., Alves, A.M.B., Costa, M.C., Cardoso, J.P., Nanofiltration of a clarified fermentation broth (2006) Chemical Engineering Science, 61 (8), pp. 2418-2427. , DOI 10.1016/j.ces.2005.11.007, PII S0009250905008419Almeida, R.M.R.G., Barboza, M., Hokka, C.O., Continuous clavulanic acid adsorption process (2003) Appl. Biochem. 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AFM analysis of the surface of nanoporous membranes: application to the nanofiltration of potassium clavulanate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)This study presents the structural characterization of the surface of four commercial nanofiltration membranes: NF90 (polyamide) and NF (polypiperazine amide) from Filmtec(TM) and NP010 and NP030 (polysulfone) from Microdyn Nadir(A (R)), by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). These membranes have been studied before and after undergoing a filtration process with potassium clavulanate. The fast Fourier filtering of AFM images with very high magnification (40 x 40 nm) has allowed identifying the pore size distribution and geometry of the pores on the surface of the membrane before their use. Images between 0.5 x 0.5 and 10 x 10 mu m(2) have allowed the study of the surface roughness of the samples before and after being used to filtrate potassium clavulanate solutions. The results of roughness and power spectral fractal dimension along with the skewness and kurtosis of the height distribution have been analyzed in terms of pore size, hydraulic permeability, and the adsorption of clavulanate for the different samples.461033563369Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCINN) [CTQ2009-07666]Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCINN) [CTQ2009-07666

Mass transfer and transport during purification of fructooligosaccharides by nanofiltration

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)In this work, a process has been designed for the purification of fructooligosaccharides obtained by enzymatic transformation of sucrose from sugar cane molasses. The designed protocol includes two nanofiltration stages with the same membrane. The first one is a diafiltration process, at constant volume followed by concentration. The second stage consists in the nanofiltration of the permeate of the first stage to obtain a concentrate similar in its characteristics to the initial solution. The process allows getting purities over 90% in fructooligosaccharides with yields around 80%. These processes are studied and modeled, by taking into account the effects of the resulting osmotic pressure and the changes in resistance due to solute adsorption on the membrane. The transport is modeled by assuming that there are diffusion and convection but hindered by friction in the pore. The steric partitioning, along with an adequate mass balance for the differently sized molecules have also been considered leading to get the pore size distribution of the membrane. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.36541671356365Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCINN) [CTQ2009-07666]Junta de Castilla y Leon [BU-03-C3-2, Grupos de Excelencia-GR18]Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCINN) [CTQ2009-07666]Junta de Castilla y Leon [BU-03-C3-2, Grupos de Excelencia-GR18