The Political Impact of Multiracial Americans on Black America

This issue brief examines the potential threat that mixed-race individuals pose to the political salience of African-Americans. It also outlines the political impact of multiracial peoples on the black community

Objetos textuales y dispositivos colaborativos: de la etnografía como plataforma pública

This article traces the unexpected becoming-collaborative of an ethnographic project in Hackney Wick (London) which looked at the role of art in the critique to the urban transformations brought about by the 2012 Olympics. The derailment of what should have been a conventional fieldwork exercise led to a reformulation of the ethnographic practice as a collaborative device aimed at the production of textual objects which in turn acted as public forums or platforms. This process is here discussed as a recursive (or parasitic) gesture which appropriates native ways of doing.<br><br>Este artículo traza el inesperado devenir colaborativo acontecido en el transcurso de una investigación etnográfica en Hackney Wick (Londres) en torno al rol del arte en la crítica a la transformación urbana asociada a los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012. El descarrilamiento de lo que debía haber sido un ejercicio clásico de trabajo de campo condujo a una reformulación del ejercicio etnográfico como dispositivo colaborativo orientado a la producción de objetos textuales que a su vez actuaban como foro o plataforma pública. Este proceso se discute aquí como un gesto recursivo (o parasítico) que se apropia, y versiona, prácticas y modos de hacer propios del campo

Experimental Demonstration of 38 Gbps over 2.5 m OWC Systems with Eye-safe 850 nm SM-VCSELs

With a directly modulated 850 nm single-modevertical cavity surface emitting laser (SM-VCSEL), we experimentally achieve a gross data rate of ∼38 Gbps over a 2.5 moptical wireless communication (OWC) link at the 7% ReedSolomon forward error correction (RS-FEC) limit. The OWClink is demonstrated using an eye-safe transmitted optical powerof -1.47 dBm and discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation withadaptive bit-and-power loading. The SM-VCSEL has a relativeintensity noise (RIN) of ∼-137 dB/Hz, which is lower than that ofa typical commercial 850 nm multimode VCSEL (∼-129 dB/Hz).Therefore, under almost identical OWC link operating conditions, the SM-VCSEL provides a gross data-rate increase of∼19 Gbps and an optical signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) gain of∼5 dB compared to its multimode counterpart having a similarmodulation bandwidth. Furthermore, we demonstrate an errorfree net data rate of ∼17 Gbps at a received optical power of-7 dBm, which suggests the feasibility of utilising the SM-VCSELto realise indoor gigabit OWC applications

Onward and Upward: The Legacy of Black Urologists in America

In partnership with the American Urological Association\u27s William P. Didusch Center for Urologic History, Henry Ford Health hosted a Grand Rounds event from 7 – 9 a.m. Wednesday, June 14, in the Buerki Auditorium at Henry Ford Hospital. The event highlights the contributions of Black urologists to the history of medicine despite systemic racism in the medical field and across the country. Covering the impact of exclusion and segregation in the past, as well as present day issues such as microaggressions and cultural insensitivity, the lecture and discussion calls for a future of successfully integrating medicine to achieve better outcomes for physicians and their patients. The schedule of the event is as follows: 7 a.m.: Welcome by Craig Rogers, M.D., Chair, Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute. Introductory remarks by Adnan Munkarah, M.D., President, Care Delivery System and Chief Clinical Officer and Steven Kalkanis, M.D., CEO of Henry Ford Medical Group and CEO of Henry Ford Hospital. 7:10 a.m.: Keynote speaker Arthur L. Burnett II, M.D., MBA., FACS., professor of urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine will present “Onward and Upward: The Legacy of Black Urologists in America. 7:30 a.m.: Panel discussion moderated by Linda McIntire, M.D., President, R. Frank Jones Urological Society, and graduate of Henry Ford urology program, featuring the panelists listed below. Melvin Hollowell, M.D., FACS Dr. Hollowell earned his medical degree in 1959 and has practiced in Detroit for 64 years. At 93 years young, he is still practicing today. Isaac Powell, M.D. Dr. Powell graduated with his medical degree in 1969 and became the first African American graduate from the Henry Ford Hospital urology program in 1974. Conrad Maitland, M.D. Dr. Maitland has been practicing for 40 years and is himself a survivor of prostate cancer - a disease that disproportionately affects Black men. Ray Littleton, M.D. Dr. Littleton joined the senior staff at Henry Ford Hospital in 1980 and helped pioneer minimally invasive surgery by performing the first percutaneous kidney stone removal in Michigan in 1983

Interpreting Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) scores: Cross-walk with the Short Form-36

The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) instruments are traumatic brain injury-specific assessments of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), with established validity and reliability. The purpose of the study is to help improve the interpretability of the two QOLIBRI summary scores (the QOLIBRI Total score and the QOLBRI Overall Scale score). An analysis was conducted of 761 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) that took part in the QOLIBRI validation studies. A cross-walk between QOLIBRI scores and the SF-36 Mental Component Summary norm-based scoring system was performed using geometric mean regression analysis. The exercise supports a previous suggestion that QOLIBRI Total scores &lt; 60 indicate low or impaired HRQoL, and indicate that the corresponding score on the QOLIBRI-OS is &lt;52. The percentage of cases in the sample that fell into the &lsquo;impaired HRQoL&rsquo; category were 36% for the Mental Component Summary, 38% for the QOLIBRI Total, and 39% for the QOLIBRI-OS. Relationships between the QOLIBRI scales and the Glasgow Outcome Scale &ndash; Extended (GOSE), as a measure of global function, are presented in the form of means and standard deviations that allow comparison with other studies, and data on age and gender are presented for the QOLIBRI-OS. While bearing in mind the potential imprecision of the comparison, the findings provide a framework for evaluating QOLIBRI summary scores in relation to generic HRQoL that improves their interpretability

Experimental demonstration of 38 Gbps over 2.5 m OWC systems with eye-safe 850 nm SM-VCSELs

With a directly modulated 850 nm single-mode vertical cavity surface emitting laser (SM-VCSEL), we experimentally achieve a gross data rate of ∼38 Gbps over a 2.5 m optical wireless communication (OWC) link at the 7% Reed-Solomon forward error correction (RS-FEC) limit. The OWC link is demonstrated using an eye-safe transmitted optical power of -1.47 dBm and discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation with adaptive bit-and-power loading. The SM-VCSEL has a relative intensity noise (RIN) of ∼-137 dB/Hz, which is lower than that of a typical commercial 850 nm multimode VCSEL (∼-129 dB/Hz). Therefore, under almost identical OWC link operating conditions, the SM-VCSEL provides a gross data-rate increase of ∼19 Gbps and an optical signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) gain of ∼5 dB compared to its multimode counterpart having a similar modulation bandwidth. Furthermore, we demonstrate an error-free net data rate of ∼17 Gbps at a received optical power of -7 dBm, which suggests the feasibility of utilising the SM-VCSEL to realise indoor gigabit OWC applications

Early postoperative risk stratification in patients with pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy

Background: Early stratification of postoperative pancreatic fistula according to severity and/or need for invasive intervention may improve outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy. This study aimed to identify the early postoperative variables that may predict postoperative pancreatic fistula severity.Methods: All patients diagnosed with biochemical leak and clinically relevant-postoperative pancreatic fistula based on drain fluid amylase &gt;300 U/L on the fifth postoperative day after pancreaticoduodenectomy were identified from a consecutive cohort from Birmingham, UK. Demographics, intraoperative parameters, and postoperative laboratory results on postoperative days 1 through 7 were retrospectively extracted. Independent predictors of clinically relevant-postoperative pancreatic fistula were identified using multivariable binary logistic regression and converted into a risk score, which was applied to an external cohort from Verona, Italy. Results: The Birmingham cohort had 187 patients diagnosed with postoperative pancreatic fistula (biochemical leak: 99, clinically relevant: 88). In clinically relevant-postoperative pancreatic fistula pa-tients, the leak became clinically relevant at a median of 9 days (interquartile range: 6-13) after pan-creaticoduodenectomy. Male sex (P = .002), drain fluid amylase-postoperative day 3 (P &lt; .001), c-reactive protein postoperative day 3 (P &lt; .001), and albumin-postoperative day 3 (P = .028) were found to be sig-nificant predictors of clinically relevant-postoperative pancreatic fistula on multivariable analysis. The multivariable model was converted into a risk score with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (standard error: 0.038). This score significantly predicted the need for invasive intervention (postoperative pancreatic fistula grades B3 and C) in the Verona cohort (n = 121; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.68; standard error = 0.06; P =.006) but did not predict clinically relevant -postoperative pancreatic fistula when grades B1 and B2 were included (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.52; standard error = 0.07; P = .802). Conclusion: We developed a novel risk score based on early postoperative laboratory values that can accurately predict higher grades of clinically relevant-postoperative pancreatic fistula requiring invasive intervention. Early identification of severe postoperative pancreatic fistula may allow earlier intervention. Crown Copyright (c) 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Comparison of embedded and added motor imagery training in patients after stroke: Study protocol of a randomised controlled pilot trial using a mixed methods approach

Copyright @ 2009 Schuster et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background: Two different approaches have been adopted when applying motor imagery (MI) to stroke patients. MI can be conducted either added to conventional physiotherapy or integrated within therapy sessions. The proposed study aims to compare the efficacy of embedded MI to an added MI intervention. Evidence from pilot studies reported in the literature suggests that both approaches can improve performance of a complex motor skill involving whole body movements, however, it remains to be demonstrated, which is the more effective one.Methods/Design: A single blinded, randomised controlled trial (RCT) with a pre-post intervention design will be carried out. The study design includes two experimental groups and a control group (CG). Both experimental groups (EG1, EG2) will receive physical practice of a clinical relevant motor task ('Going down, laying on the floor, and getting up again') over a two week intervention period: EG1 with embedded MI training, EG2 with MI training added after physiotherapy. The CG will receive standard physiotherapy intervention and an additional control intervention not related to MI.The primary study outcome is the time difference to perform the task from pre to post-intervention. Secondary outcomes include level of help needed, stages of motor task completion, degree of motor impairment, balance ability, fear of falling measure, motivation score, and motor imagery ability score. Four data collection points are proposed: twice during baseline phase, once following the intervention period, and once after a two week follow up. A nested qualitative part should add an important insight into patients' experience and attitudes towards MI. Semi-structured interviews of six to ten patients, who participate in the RCT, will be conducted to investigate patients' previous experience with MI and their expectations towards the MI intervention in the study. Patients will be interviewed prior and after the intervention period.Discussion: Results will determine whether embedded MI is superior to added MI. Findings of the semi-structured interviews will help to integrate patient's expectations of MI interventions in the design of research studies to improve practical applicability using MI as an adjunct therapy technique