How to quickly detect the overlap and the consistency between LADM with LandInfra and LandXML : application of schema matching techniques.

In this paper, we explore the schema matching techniques to compare the content of three geospatial standards which are LADM, LandInfra (InfraGML) and LandXML. Those standards all refer to the concept of “land” and we will try to quantify the similarity of them based on syntax and semantic comparison of the class names exposed in their respective schema. Consequently, we will demonstrate the applicability, the accuracy and the usefulness (rapidity and automation) of schema matching techniques for comparing the content of standards. The comparison is performed with XSD (XML Schema Definition) files that describe the schema in English. The results show that syntactic match rate between LADM-LandInfra (54%) is higher than LADM-LandXML (10%). In adding the semantic information extracted from Wordnet, the match rate between LADM-LandInfra goes to 84% and 59% for LADMLandXML. In comparing our matching results with two independent sources of information that already and manually compared these three standards, we obtained distinctive results. The correctness of LADM-LandInfra is 60%, while the correctness of LADM-LandXML is only 20%. The applicability of schema matching is positively demonstrated while the usefulness and the accuracy still need further improvements in order to make any statement.Dans ce papier, nous explorons les techniques d’appariement de schémas pour comparer le contenu de trois standards géospatiaux soit LADM, LandInfra (InfraGML) and LandXML. Ces trois standards réfèrent au concept de « land » et nous allons tenter de quantifier leur similitude en tenant compte de la syntaxe et de la sémantique des noms de classe contenu dans leur schéma respectif. Nous allons ainsi démontrer l’applicabilité, l’exactitude et la facilité (rapidité et automation) des techniques d’appariement de schémas. La comparaison est effectuée à partir des fichiers XSD (XML Schema Definition), qui présentent la modélisation en anglais des standards. Les résultats montrent que, lorsqu’uniquement la syntaxe est prise en compte, le taux d’appariement de LADM-LandInfra (54%) est plus élevé que celui de LADM-LandXML (10%). En tenant compte des relations sémantiques possibles extraites de Wordnet, le taux d’appariement de LADM-LandInfra grimpe à 84%, alors qu’il revient à 59% pour LADMLandXML. En comparant nos résultats avec des sources d’information externes qui ont déjà comparées manuellement ces trois standards, nous obtenons un taux d’exactitude de 60% pour LADM-LandInfra et de 20% pour LADM-LandXML. L’applicabilité des techniques d’appariement de schémas est démontrée par nos expérimentations tandis que l’exactitude et la facilité montrent des résultats divergeant qui nécessiteront d’autres tests et analyses

Comparison of determinants of research knowledge utilization by practitioners and administrators in the field of child and family social services

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>An important gap exists between research production and its utilization. Few studies have examined the factors affecting knowledge utilization in the field of child and family social services.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The objectives of the study are to describe knowledge utilization by child protection administrators and practitioners (N = 477) and to compare factors related to knowledge utilization by these two occupational groups. The study was conducted with an adapted version of the <it>Questionnaire sur l'utilisation des connaissances </it>(Knowledge Utilization Questionnaire). Factor analysis was used to collapse data collected on the questionnaire items. Factor score for each respondent served as independent variables in three separate multivariate regression analyses to explore variables likely to predict research-based knowledge utilization.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A minority of respondents (18%) report using on a frequent basis research-based knowledge in their practice. Relational capital between researchers and users and perceived usefulness of research based knowledge were the two factors most strongly related to utilization. There was a specificity in the factors associated with knowledge utilization according to occupational groups in child protection organizations. Use of active knowledge transfer strategies was associated with knowledge utilization by practitioners, while knowledge dissemination efforts played a more significant role for administrators.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results encourage both the use of strategies differentiated according to users and the intensification of interactions between users and researchers to foster research knowledge utilization.</p

Down-Regulation of miR-92 in Breast Epithelial Cells and in Normal but Not Tumour Fibroblasts Contributes to Breast Carcinogenesis

Background MicroRNA (miR) expression is commonly dysregulated in many cancers, including breast. MiR–92 is one of six miRs encoded by the miR-17-92 cluster, one of the best-characterised oncogenic miR clusters. We examined expression of miR–92 in the breast epithelium and stroma during breast cancer progression. We also investigated the role of miR–92 in fibroblasts in vitro and showed that down-regulation in normal fibroblasts enhances the invasion of breast cancer epithelial cells. Methodology/Principal Findings We used laser microdissection (LMD) to isolate epithelial cells from matched normal, DCIS and invasive tissue from 9 breast cancer patients and analysed miR–92 expression by qRT-PCR. Expression of ERβ1, a direct miR–92 target, was concurrently analysed for each case by immunohistochemistry. LMD was also used to isolate matched normal (NFs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from 14 further cases. Effects of miR–92 inhibition in fibroblasts on epithelial cell invasion in vitro was examined using a Matrigel™ assay. miR– 92 levels decreased in microdissected epithelial cells during breast cancer progression with highest levels in normal breast epithelium, decreasing in DCIS (p<0.01) and being lowest in invasive breast tissue (p<0.01). This was accompanied by a shift in cell localisation of ERβ1 from nuclear expression in normal breast epithelium to increased cytoplasmic expression during progression to DCIS (p = 0.0078) and invasive breast cancer (p = 0.031). ERβ1 immunoreactivity was also seen in stromal fibroblasts in tissues. Where miR–92 expression was low in microdissected NFs this increased in matched CAFs; a trend also seen in cultured primary fibroblasts. Down-regulation of miR–92 levels in NFs but not CAFs enhanced invasion of both MCF–7 and MDA-MB–231 breast cancer epithelial cells. Conclusions miR–92 is gradually lost in breast epithelial cells during cancer progression correlating with a shift in ERβ1 immunoreactivity from nuclei to the cytoplasm. Our data support a functional role in fibroblasts where modification of miR–92 expression can influence the invasive capacity of breast cancer epithelial cells. However in silico analysis suggests that ERβ1 may not be the most important miR–92 target in breast cancer

How to quickly detect the overlap and the consistency between LADM with LandInfra and LandXML ::application of schema matching techniques

In this paper, we explore the schema matching techniques to compare the content of three geospatial standards which are LADM, LandInfra (InfraGML) and LandXML. Those standards all refer to the concept of “land” and we will try to quantify the similarity of them based on syntax and semantic comparison of the class names exposed in their respective schema. Consequently, we will demonstrate the applicability, the accuracy and the usefulness (rapidity and automation) of schema matching techniques for comparing the content of standards. The comparison is performed with XSD (XML Schema Definition) files that describe the schema in English. The results show that syntactic match rate between LADMLandInfra (54%) is higher than LADM-LandXML (10%). In adding the semantic information extracted from Wordnet, the match rate between LADM-LandInfra goes to 84% and 59% for LADM-LandXML. In comparing our matching results with two independent sources of information that already and manually compared these three standards, we obtained distinctive results. The correctness of LADM-LandInfra is 60%, while the correctness of LADM-LandXML is only 20%. The applicability of schema matching is positively demonstrated while the usefulness and the accuracy still need further improvements in order to make any statement.Dans ce papier, nous explorons les techniques d’appariement de schémas pour comparer le contenu de trois standards géospatiaux soit LADM, LandInfra (InfraGML) and LandXML. Ces trois standards réfèrent au concept de « land » et nous allons tenter de quantifier leur similitude en tenant compte de la syntaxe et de la sémantique des noms de classe contenu dans leur schéma respectif. Nous allons ainsi démontrer l’applicabilité, l’exactitude et la facilité (rapidité et automation) des techniques d’appariement de schémas. La comparaison est effectuée à partir des fichiers XSD (XML Schema Definition), qui présentent la modélisation en anglais des standards. Les résultats montrent que, lorsqu’uniquement la syntaxe est prise en compte, le taux d’appariement de LADM-LandInfra (54%) est plus élevé que celui de LADM-LandXML (10%). En tenant compte des relations sémantiques possibles extraites de Wordnet, le taux d’appariement de LADM-LandInfra grimpe à 84%, alors qu’il revient à 59% pour LADM-LandXML. En comparant nos résultats avec des sources d’information externes qui ont déjà comparées manuellement ces trois standards, nous obtenons un taux d’exactitude de 60% pour LADM-LandInfra et de 20% pour LADM-LandXML. L’applicabilité des techniques d’appariement de schémas est démontrée par nos expérimentations tandis que l’exactitude et la facilité montrent des résultats divergeant qui nécessiteront d’autres tests et analyses

How to quickly detect the overlap and the consistency between LADM with LandInfra and LandXML: Application of schema matching techniques

In this paper, we explore the schema matching techniques to compare the content of three geospatial standards which are LADM, LandInfra (InfraGML) and LandXML. Those standards all refer to the concept of “land” and we will try to quantify the similarity of them based on syntax and semantic comparison of the class names exposed in their respective schema. Consequently, we will demonstrate the applicability, the accuracy and the usefulness (rapidity and automation) of schema matching techniques for comparing the content of standards. The comparison is performed with XSD (XML Schema Definition) files that describe the schema in English. The results show that syntactic match rate between LADM-LandInfra (54%) is higher than LADM-LandXML (10%). In adding the semantic information extracted from Wordnet, the match rate between LADM-LandInfra goes to 84% and 59% for LADM-LandXML. In comparing our matching results with two independent sources of information that already and manually compared these three standards, we obtained distinctive results. The correctness of LADM-LandInfra is 60%, while the correctness of LADM-LandXML is only 20%. The applicability of schema matching is positively demonstrated while the usefulness and the accuracy still need further improvements in order to make any statement

Reintroduction of fen plant communities on a degraded minerotrophic peatland

An approach has been developed to restore bogs after peat extraction. However, when sedge-peat layers are exposed, the minerotrophic remnant peat conditions require restoration towards a fen ecosystem. Three restoration techniques, all including rewetting actions, were tested to assist fen vegetation recovery. None of the restoration techniques was efficient at establishing fen bryophytes. However, for vascular plants, two techniques gave promising results in terms of species composition, although the vascular plant covers remained lower than in reference natural fens. Depending on the site conditions, we suggest applying two restoration techniques to restore peatlands in areas of exposed sedge peat. In areas where sparse covers of fen species may have spontaneously established, rewetting should be carried out to raise water level and create favourable conditions for their expansion. In areas covered with undesirable species or with inadequate topography for rewetting, surface peat should be remodeled and vegetation introduced. Since mechanized diaspore transfer did not result in a satisfactory cover of fen plants, other means of introduction could be considered, alone or in combination. A complementary fertilization experiment showed that P fertilization could be an effective solution to enhance the establishment of mechanically introduced plant diaspores.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

3D Cadastre Visualization: Recent Progress and Future Directions

The 3D Cadastre has been investigated from many viewpoints (including legal, organizational and technical). However, to date little research has focused specifically on visualizationrelated aspects despite the value-added of the third dimension. The paper first proposes an overview of progress made in the last five years in 3D cadastral visualization. The authors then summarize discussions at the 2014 3D Cadastre workshop regarding future research and development on the topic. This synthesis is complemented by a broad review of the most recent advances in 3D visualization beyond the 3D cadastral domain, with the goal of providing a number of important directions for further work, allowing researchers, developers and users to consolidate their respective activities, and encouraging collaboration

L’étude de la réussite scolaire au Québec : une analyse historicoculturelle de l’activité d’un centre de recherche, le CRIRES

Le concept de réussite scolaire est examiné à travers les définitions, les axes de recherche et les moyens d’agir qu’ont retenus les chercheurs du Centre de recherche et d’intervention sur la réussite scolaire (CRIRES) depuis sa création en 1992. La théorie historicoculturelle est appliquée à ce cas et le modèle d’Engeström (1987, 1999) sert de cadre de référence pour l’analyse du système éducatif québécois en tant que système d’activité qui a pour finalité la réussite scolaire des élèves. Cette analyse, de niveau méta, examine l’activité des agents de la réussite scolaire, notamment les outils et instruments d’intervention mis en oeuvre dans différents contextes ainsi que certains rôles, normes et politiques qui en sont ressortis. L’analyse se veut proactive et met en lumière les modes d’intervention, en milieu scolaire et postsecondaire, des agents de la réussite scolaire au sein de leur communauté (classe, école, communauté locale ou élargie). Elle fait ressortir les éléments suivants : 1) la définition donnée en 1992 de la réussite scolaire, à savoir l’atteinte d’objectifs d’apprentissage propres à chaque étape des cheminements scolaires, est un artefact culturel utile malgré certaines réserves que les chercheurs du CRIRES expriment périodiquement à son sujet; 2) les axes de recherche orientent la médiation de l’innovation en privilégiant une grande variété d’outils et d’instruments ainsi que l’examen de leurs retombées dans des contextes précis; 3) le CRIRES conçoit de façon de plus en plus explicite son champ de recherche d’un point de vue systémique. Abstract The concept of school success is examined through the definitions, research axes and actions chosen by researchers from Centre de recherche et d’intervention sur la réussite scolaire (CRIRES) since its creation in 1992. The historical-cultural theory is applied to this case, and the Engeström model (1987, 1999) is used as a frame of reference to analyze the Québec education system whose goal is success for the students. At the meta level, this analysis examines school success agents, such as intervention tools used in different contexts, as well as certain roles, standards and policies that go along with them. The analysis is proactive and shows intervention modes in the school and post-secondary milieus, agents of school success within the community (class, school, local community or society). What emerges is that 1) the 1992 definition for school success, to reach the learning objectives for each level, is a cultural artifact despite certain reserves that the CRIRES researchers periodically express on this subject, 2) the research axes orient the mediation of innovation by using a wide variety of instruments and the examination of their results in specific contexts, and 3) CRIRES is developing, in a more and more explicit way, its scope of research from a systemic point of view. Resumen El concepto de éxito escolar se examina a través de las definiciones, los ejes de investigación y los medios de intervención que han sido validados por los investigadores del Centro de investigaciones y de intervención sobre el éxito escolar (CRIRES) desde su creación en 1992. Se aplica la teoría histórico-cultural a este caso y el modelo de Engeström (1987, 1999) sirve de marco de referencia para el análisis del sistema educativo quebequense en tanto que sistema de actividad cuya finalidad es el éxito escolar de los alumnos. Este análisis, de nivel meta, examina la actividad de los agentes del éxito escolar, entre otros, las herramientas de intervención propuestas en diferentes contextos así como ciertos roles, normas y políticas que han resultado. El análisis es proactivo e ilumina los modos de intervención, en medio escolar y post-secundario, los agentes del éxito escolar en el seno de sus comunidades (clase, escuela, comunidad local y ampliada). Sobresale que: 1) la definición dada en 1002 del éxito escolar, es decir, el logro de objetivos de aprendizaje propios a cada etapa de las progresiones escolares, es un artefacto cultural útil a pesar de algunas reservas que los investigadores del CRIRES expresan periódicamente sobre dicho sujeto; 2) los ejes de investigación orientan la mediación de la innovación privilegiando una gran variedad de instrumentos así como el examen de sus repercusiones en contextos precisos y 3) el CRIRES concibe de manera cada vez más explicita su campo de investigación desde un punto de vista sistémico

Visualization and New Opportunities

This paper reviews the opportunities offered by 3D visualization to improve the understanding and the analysis of cadastre data. It first introduces the rationale of having 3D visualization functionalities in the context of cadastre applications. Second, the publication outlines some basic concepts in 3D visualization. This section specially adopts the visualization pipeline as a driven classification schema to understand the steps leading to 3D visualization. It also includes a brief review of current 3D standards and technologies. A summary of recent progress in 3D cadastral visualization is then proposed, with use requirements, data and semiotics, and platforms are highlighted as main actions performed in the development of 3D cadastre visualization. This review is a first attempt at structuring and emphasising best practices in the domain of 3D cadastre visualization and it provides an inventory of issues that still need to be addressed. Finally, by providing a review on advances and trends in 3D visualization, the paper initiates a discussion and a critical analysis on the benefit of applying these new developments to the cadastral domain. This final section discusses enhancing 3D techniques such as dynamic transparency and cutaway, 3D generalization, 3D visibility modelling, 3D annotation, 3D data and web platforms, augmented reality, immersive virtual environments, 3D gaming, interaction techniques and time

3D Cadastres Best Practices, Chapter 5: Visualization and New Opportunities

This paper proposes a discussion on opportunities offered by 3D visualization to improve the understanding and the analysis of cadastre data. It first introduce the rationale of having 3D visualization functionalities in the context of cadastre applications. Second the publication outline some basic concepts in 3D visualization. This section specially addresses the visualization pipeline as a driven classification schema to understand the steps leading to 3D visualization. In this section is also presented a brief review of current 3D standards and technologies. Next is proposed a summary of progress made in the last years in 3D cadastral visualization. For instance, user’s requirement, data and semiotics, and platforms are highlighted as main actions performed in the development of 3D cadastre visualization. This review could be perceived as an attempt to structure and emphasise the best practices in the domain of 3D cadastre visualization and as an inventory of issues that still need to be tackled. Finally, by providing a review on advances and trends in 3D visualization, the paper initiates a discussion and a critical analysis on the benefit of applying these new developments to cadastre domain. This final section discusses about enhancing 3D techniques as dynamic transparency and cutaway, 3D generalization, 3D visibility model, 3D annotation, 3D data and web platform, augmented reality, immersive virtual environment, 3D gaming, interaction techniques and time.OLD Department of GIS Technolog