Whose Sperm Is It Anyways In The Wild, Wild West Of The Fertility Industry?

Imagine a couple that is unable to conceive a child naturally. Luckily, they had the money and resources available to them to conceive a child through assisted reproductive technology (ART), so they decided to start their family through the use of intrauterine insemination. They selected a sperm bank and began the arduous process of selecting a sperm donor who fit the desired traits and characteristics for their child. The sperm bank matched them with an anonymous donor, Donor 9623, and assured the couple that the donor was “a healthy male with an IQ of 160, a bachelor’s of science in neuroscience, a master’s degree in artificial intelligence, a Ph.D. in neuroscience engineering on the way, and no criminal history.” Given this representation of Donor 9623 as the ideal candidate, the couple moved forward with the intrauterine insemination procedure and successfully conceived a child. After starting their new family, the couple accidentally found out the identity of Donor 9623, James Aggeles, and from a simple Internet search, they uncovered the shocking truth. Instead of their ideal neuroscientist donor, the father of their child was “a college dropout with a felony conviction and diagnosed schizophrenia.” This is Angela Collins and Margaret Hanson’s story. This is Jane Doe 1 and Jane Doe 2’s story. This is more than fifteen American, Canadian, and British families’ stories. Angela Collins and Margaret Hanson believed they had control over the process to start their family and the ability to select the man that would provide half of their child’s genetics. The sperm bank, Xytex Corporation (Xytex), also reassured them that this was the case, but in June 2014, Angela and Margaret received the rude awakening that this was indeed not the truth. After finding out the true identity of their sperm donor, the women began notifying other families who also used the same anonymous sperm donor to conceive their children. Donor 9623 has allegedly fathered at least thirty-six children under his false identity through the purchase, promotion, and sale of his sperm by Xytex. The purpose of this Note is to assess the need for Georgia to reevaluate prenatal torts due to advances in ART procedures, the increase in use of this technology, and the lack of sperm bank regulations, which have now resulted in the problem evidenced by the Xytex cases. Part I examines the history behind the creation of the three main prenatal torts: wrongful birth, wrongful life, and wrongful conception, followed by an examination of the current sperm bank regulations. Part II analyzes Georgia’s evaluation of prenatal torts, Georgia’s policy considerations when evaluating prenatal torts, Georgia’s interpretation of claims against sperm banks, and Georgia’s limited sperm bank regulations. Part III examines several proposals to remedy this issue, while accounting for Georgia’s policy concerns, to ensure the state is protecting its citizens’ rights and deterring sperm banks from engaging in fraudulent business practices

HB 452 - Domestic Terrorism

The Act creates and defines the offense of domestic terrorism in Georgia. It establishes that a person must have the intent to intimidate the public or coerce the government while causing significant harm in order to be liable for domestic terrorism. The Act also provides for training law enforcement to identify and combat domestic terrorism, to share the information with the Georgia Information Sharing and Analysis Center, and for the Georgia Information Sharing and Analysis Center to share that information with the United States Department of Homeland Security

Okja: una crítica al capitalismo

Okja is a film directed by the South Korean writer and director Bong Joon-ho and co-written by Bong and Jon Ronson, it has the participation of actors such as Steven Yeun (better known as Glenn in the series The Walking Dead) and Devon Bostick of the series American The 100 . The film was released in 2017 by the Netflix platform internationally and by the film production company Next Entertainment World in South Korea. It had a budget of 50 million dollars and raised 2 million dollars.Okja es una película dirigida por el guionista y director surcoreano Bong Joon-ho y coescrita por Bong y Jon Ronson, cuenta con la participación de actores como Steven Yeun (mejor conocido como Glenn en la serie The Walking Dead) y Devon Bostick de la serie estadounidense The 100. La película fue lanzada en 2017 por la plataforma de Netflix a nivel internacional y por la productora cinematográfica Next Entertainment World en Corea del Sur. Contó con un presupuesto de 50 millones de dólares y recaudó 2 millones de dólares

Teaching vocabulary with fables reading with primary learners in Complejo Educativo la Julita from Pereira

En el siguiente documento se describen los procedimientos para un proyecto de aula ejecutado en una de las instituciones en alianza con la universidad Tecnológica de Pereira en la ciudad de Pereira. Para esta investigación de tipo descriptiva, el procedimiento se basó en la presentación, la práctica y la producción junto con el uso de un enfoque inverso para la planificación de las clases. Se pretendió determinar la efectividad de la utilización de fábulas como recurso en las clases de inglés para enseñar vocabulario como también principios éticos y morales a los niños. Se obtuvo como resultado una alta participación y compresión de los niños frente a los temas expuestos, pero también se observaron debilidades y dificultades por el uso de la primera lengua como también problemas de atención

Editorial

In 2016, the Colombian Ministry of Education (MEN) launched the English as Foreign Language (EFL) curriculum for secondary schools (grades 6 through 11). This curriculum suggests using task-based language teaching (TBLT), project-based instruction (PBI), and problem-based learning (PBL) for teaching EFL at secondary schools in Colombia (Ministerio de Educación Nacional, 2016a). In 2016, the Ministry also launched an EFL primary school curriculum (grades pre-K through 5), including content and language integrated learning (CLIL) within the suggested teaching approaches (Ministerio de Educación Nacional, 2016b). The suggested curricula for primary and secondary schools are the latest effort within the National Bilingualism Program, which started in 2004, to improve EFL instruction in Colombia. The program’s goal was that Colombian 11 graders reached B1 proficiency level (Ministerio de Educación Nacional, 2005) by 2019.  A learner at this level is expected to be able to achieve a variety of language functions, such as understanding and producing texts on familiar topics,  asking for directions, asking and giving personal information, describing personal experiences,  giving opinions or describing future plans

Comunicación estratégica para el posicionamiento de Café Botero en el mercado corporativo

Este trabajo de grado propone una alternativa basada en la innovación para posicionar la marca Café Botero en el mercado corporativo. Para hacer esto posible, se realizó una profunda investigación basada en fuentes secundarias y expertos en el tema, ampliando el contexto de cómo se ha trabajado la problemática planteada y que factores se han tomado en cuenta. Luego de esto, se presenta a Café Botero como empresa con el fin de conocer todas sus características dentro del mercado del café. Así mismo, se utilizaron diferentes instrumentos y metodologías para identificar los principales competidores de Café Botero, sus elementos diferenciadores y la estrategia de venta que manejan a través de una auditoria de comunicación. Finalmente, se propone una estrategia de comunicación con acciones ejemplificadas, para lograr cumplir la meta propuesta. Este proyecto permite evidenciar que la comunicación estratégica es necesaria en cualquier tipo de empresa, pues permite posicionar a la compañía en la mente de los consumidores mediante la aplicación de diferentes herramientas de medición e investigación, así mismo, permite resolver diferentes problemáticas en las organizaciones a través de diagnósticos que dan cuenta de las ventajas y oportunidades de una empresa en el sector del mercado que se encuentra.This graduation project proposes an alternative based on innovation for positioning Cafe Botero’s brand in the corporate market. To make this posible a deep investigation based on secondary sources and experts was done, amplifying the context of how the proposed topic has been treated and the factor taken into account in the past. After this, Cafe Botero is presented as company to get to know all of its characteristics inside coffee market. Different instruments and methodologies where also used for identifying Cafe Botero principal competitors, their identifying elements and their selling strategies through a communication auditory. Finally, a communication strategy with exemplified actions is proposed in order to achieve the goal before exposed. This project is evidence that strategic communication is necessary in any type of company, allowing it to positionate in consumers minds, applying different investigation and measuring tools, and solving different problems in organization through diagnosis that show the advantages and opportunities of a company in the market.Comunicador (a) SocialPregrad

Effects of two fractions of swietenia macrophylla and catechin on muscle damage induced by bothrops venom and PLA(2)

Plant natural products can attenuate the myonecrosis caused by Bothrops snake venom and their phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)). In this study, we evaluated the effects of two fractions (F4 and F6) from Swietenia macrophylla and purified catechin on the muscle damage caused by a myotoxic PLA(2) from Colombian Bothrops asper venom (BaColPLA(2)) in mice and by Bothrops marmoratus venom from Brazil in mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm muscle (PND) preparations in vitro. Male mice were injected with PLA(2) (50 mu g) in the absence or presence of F4, F6, and catechin, in the gastrocnemius muscle and then killed 3, 7, 14, and 28 h later for histopathological analysis of myonecrosis, leukocyte infiltration, and the presence of collagen. Fractions F4 and F6 (500 mu g) and catechin (90 mu g) significantly reduced the extent of necrosis at all-time intervals. These two fractions and catechin also attenuated the leukocyte infiltration on day 3, as did catechin on day 14. There was medium-to-moderate collagen deposition in all groups up to day 7, but greater deposition on days 14 and 28 in the presence of F6 and catechin. Bothrops marmoratus venom (100 mu g/mL) caused slight (25%) muscle facilitation after 10 min and weak neuromuscular blockade (64% decrease in contractile activity after a 120-min incubation). Pre-incubation of venom with F4 or F6 abolished the facilitation, whereas catechin, which was itself facilitatory, did not. All three fractions attenuated the venom-induced decrease in muscle contractions. These findings indicate that fractions and catechin from S. macrophylla can reduce the muscle damage caused by Bothrops venom and PLA(2). These fractions or their components could be useful for treating venom-induced local damage11

Estimación de las Isotermas por medio de percepción remota en el Trapecio Amazónico Colombiano

8 páginas : planos, mapasPara la generación del mapa de isotermas del trapecio amazónico, se obtuvieron los datos de temperatura de las estaciones "Apto Vásquez Cobo", de la red del IDEAM 48015020, “Puerto Nariño”, de la red del IDEAM 48010020 y “Parque Amacayacu”, de la red del IDEAM 48015030. Se realizó el análisis de calidad estadística, que fue ajustada en las series de datos incompletos por medio del método de regresión lineal, método racional, media y media móvil, y su respectiva homogeneidad con el test de Levene y boxplot como herramienta gráfica del software R. Adicionalmente, se descargaron las imágenes Landsat 5 del USGS, de las cuáles se utilizó la banda térmica 6, para obtener la radiancia, longitud de onda y temperatura superficial. Dado que se tiene una estación, los valores de temperatura ambiente se obtuvieron por medio de la gráfica entre la temperatura superficial y la longitud de onda. Finalmente, se analiza el comportamiento de la temperatura en el mapa de isotermas en relación con variables como el NDVI, precipitación, brillo solar, humedad, vegetación presente en la región.Incluye referencias bibliográfica

The Web of Legal Protections for Participants in Genomic Research

The identification and arrest of the Golden State Killer using DNA uploaded to an ancestry database occurred shortly before recruitment for the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) All of Us Study commenced, with a goal of enrolling and collecting DNA, health, and lifestyle information from one million Americans. It also highlighted the need to ensure prospective research participants that their confidentiality will be protected and their materials used appropriately. But there are questions about how well current law protects against these privacy risks. This article is the first to consider comprehensively and simultaneously all the federal and state laws offering protections to participants in genomic research. The literature typically focuses on the federal laws in isolation, questioning the strengths of federal legal protections for genomic research participants provided in the Common Rule, the HIPAA Privacy Rule, or the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act. Nevertheless, we found significant numbers and surprising variety among state laws that provide greater protections than federal laws, often filling in federal gaps by broadening the applicability of privacy or nondiscrimination standards or by providing important remedies for individuals harmed by breaches. Identifying and explaining the protections these laws provide is significant both to allow prospective participants to accurately weigh the risks of enrolling in these studies and as models for how federal legal protections could be expanded to fill known gaps