Mortalidad de la enfermedad de Parkinson y otros parkinsonismos: datos del estudio poblacional nedices

Tesis doctoral inédita realizada en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia. Fecha de lectura: 10 de Mayo de 2010

Recursos asistenciales y de investigación en enfermedades raras ubicados en la Comunidad de Madrid

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar y poner al servicios de las administraciones sanitarias y también de los ciudadanos, un informe sobre los centros y unidades asistenciales y de investigación existentes en la Comunidad de Madrid (CM), que pudieran ser de utilidad para la planifi cación de los recursos orientados al control y seguimiento de las personas con enfermedades raras en el ámbito de esta comunidad

Cardiac abnormalities in the toxic oil syndrome, with comparative observations on the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome

AbstractEarly in the course of studies of the Spanish toxic oil syndrome it was recognized that vascular lesions were a major problem, most logically attributable to endothelial damage by the toxic oil. However, most clinical attention has been directed to the pulmonary complications and the evolution into a scleroderma-like illness later. p]In this study of 11 victims of the toxic oil syndrome careful postmortem studies of the coronary arteries and conduction system and neural structures of the heart demonstrated major injury to all those components of the heart. Obliterative fibrosis of the sinus node in four cases resembled findings in fatal scleroderma heart disease, and in eight the cardiac lesions resembled those of lupus erythematosus.The more impressive pathologic features involved the coronary arteries and neural structures, which were abnormal in every heart. The arterial disease included widespread focal fibromuscular dysplasia, but there was also an unusual myointimal proliferative degeneration of both small and large coronary arteries in five patients, four of whom were young women. In two hearts, portions of the inner wall of the sinus node artery had actually detached and embolized downstream. Coronary arteritis was rarely found. Inflammatory and noninflammatory degeneration of cardiac nerves was widespread. Fatty infiltration, fibrosis and degeneration were present in the coronary chemoreceptor.In most respects these cardiac abnormalities resemble those described in the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome caused by an altered form of l-tryptophan. In both diseases there is good reason to anticipate more clinical cardiac difficulties than have so far been reported, and even more basis for future concern, especially relative to coronary disease and cardiac electrical instability

Tremor severity in Parkinson’s disease and cortical changes of areas controlling movement sequencing: a preliminary study.

. There remains much to learn about the changes in cortical anatomy that are associated with tremor severity in Parkinson’s disease (PD). For this reason, we used a combination of structural neuroimaging to measure cortical thickness and neurophysiological studies to analyze whether PD tremor was associated with cortex integrity. Magnetic resonance imaging and neurophysiological assessment were performed in 13 nondemented PD patients (9 women, 69.2%) with a clearly tremor-dominant phenotype. Cortical reconstruction and volumetric segmentation was performed with the Freesurfer image analysis software. Assessment of tremor was performed by means of high-density surface electromyography (hdEMG) and inertial measurement units (IMUs). Individual motor unit discharge patterns were identified from surface hdEMG and tremor metrics quantifying motor unit synchronization from IMUs were defined. Increased motor unit synchronization (i.e., more severe tremor) was associated with cortical changes (i.e., atrophy) in dorsal premotor cortices, left posterior parietal cortex, left lateral orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate cortex bilaterally, left posterior and transverse temporal cortex, and left occipital lobe, as well as reduced left middle temporal volume. Given that the majority of these areas are involved in controlling movement sequencing, our results support Albert’s classic hypothesis that PD tremor may be the result of an involuntary activation of a program of motor behavior used in the genesis of rapid voluntary alternating movements.pre-print670 K

Essential tremor severity and anatomical changes in brain areas controlling movement sequencing.

Objective: Although the cerebello-thalamo-cortical network has often been suggested to be of importance in the pathogenesis of essential tremor (ET), the origins of tremorgenic activity in this disease are not fully understood. We used a combination of cortical thickness imaging and neurophysiological studies to analyze whether the severity of tremor was associated with anatomical changes in the brain in ET patients. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a neurophysiological assessment were performed in 13 nondemented ET patients. High field structural brain MRI images acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Cortical reconstruction and volumetric segmentation was performed with the FreeSurfer image analysis software. We used high-density surface electromyography (hdEMG) and inertial measurement units (IMUs) to quantify the tremor severity in upper extrimities of patients. In particular, advanced computer tool was used to reliably identify discharge patterns of individual motor units from surface hdEMG and quantify motor unit synchronization. Results: We found significant association between increased motor unit synchronization (i.e., more severe tremor) and cortical changes (i.e., atrophy) in widespread cerebral cortical areas, including the left medial orbitofrontal cortex, left isthmus of the cingulate gyrus, right paracentral lobule, right lingual gyrus, as well as reduced left supramarginal gyrus (inferior parietal cortex), right isthmus of the cingulate gyrus, left thalamus, and left amygdala volumes. Interpretation: Given that most of these brain areas are involved in controlling movement sequencing, ET tremor could be the result of an involuntary activation of a program of motor behavior used in the genesis of voluntary repetitive movements.Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a neurophysiological assessment were performed in 13 nondemented ET patients. High field structural brain MRI images acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Cortical reconstruction and volumetric segmentation was performed with the FreeSurfer image analysis software. We used high‐density surface electromyography (hdEMG) and inertial measurement units (IMUs) to quantify the tremor severity in upper extrimities of patients. In particular, advanced computer tool was used to reliably identify discharge patterns of individual motor units from surface hdEMG and quantify motor unit synchronization. Results We found significant association between increased motor unit synchronization (i.e., more severe tremor) and cortical changes (i.e., atrophy) in widespread cerebral cortical areas, including the left medial orbitofrontal cortex, left isthmus of the cingulate gyrus, right paracentral lobule, right lingual gyrus, as well as reduced left supramarginal gyrus (inferior parietal cortex), right isthmus of the cingulate gyrus, left thalamus, and left amygdala volumes. Interpretation Given that most of these brain areas are involved in controlling movement sequencing, ET tremor could be the result of an involuntary activation of a program of motor behavior used in the genesis of voluntary repetitive movements.post-print432 K

IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA DE ADQUISICIÓN DE IMÁGENES EMBEBIDO EN UN FPGA

El este trabajo se presenta el diseño de un sistema embebido para la adquisición y muestreo de imágenes utilizando como plataforma un dispositivo reconfigurable como lo es un FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), y como sensor una cámara CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor). Además, para la visualización de esta adquisición de imagen se utiliza un monitor con entrada VGA (Video Graphics Array).El área de procesamiento de imágenes se ha desarrollado considerablemente y sus aplicaciones se han visto reflejadas en una diversidad de campos de investigación, incluidas las industriales y las militares. Estas aplicaciones  tienen requerimientos importantes tales como velocidad, economía, precisión y una mayor capacidad en el almacenamiento y el procesamiento de las señales.Se ha usado un FPGA Spartan 6 como procesador dedicado para el diseño del sistema, en el cual; se configura un sensor de imagen CMOS para adquirir imagen en un formato determinado; se realiza el almacenamiento correcto de la imagen y posteriormente es desplegada en un monitor con puerto VGA. La imagen adquirida tiene un tamaño real de 640x480 pixeles

TRIBUNAL ARBITRAL DE PAREX RESOURCES COLOMBIA LTD SUCURSAL VS. LUIS EDUARDO CALA LÓPEZ

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