157 research outputs found

    Ѐлуктуационная тСория зароТдСния Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… нанослоёв Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»Π°Ρ… Π² агрСссивных элСктролитах

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    In this article the mathematical model of inhibitiring nanolayer is exposed. The latter is formed by the mechanism of heterogeneous germ-formation on energetically non-uniformed surface S of the real anodic dissolution metal. There considered the rise of a fluctuation Ξ”VΡ„ of electrolyte on the surface S. Their saturation by the ions components is described by the classical equations of the ionic mass transfer. Every volume Ξ”VΡ„ can be a mother phase for the germ of inhibitor. There considered the kinetics of germ-formation and the evolution of germ given by the change of the mother phase.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° матСматичСская модСль ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ нанослоя. Он формируСтся ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡƒ Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° энСргСтичСски Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ повСрхности S Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»Π°. РассмотрСно Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° S Ρ„Π»ΡŽΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ξ”VΡ„ элСктролита, насыщСниС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ описываСтся классичСскими уравнСниями ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ массопСрСноса. ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌ Ξ”VΡ„ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ матСринской Ρ„Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ для Π·Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ΡˆΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°. РассмотрСна ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ, обусловлСнная ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ матСринской Ρ„Π°Π·Ρ‹

    Composite materials formation for orthopaedic implants

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    One of most up-to-date problems of orthopaedy is the development of new materials for replacement of osseous tissue and cartilage defects. Electron beam (EB) processing of polymer composites with bioactive ceramics has been used for manufacture of artificial materials for orthopaedic implants. Experimental approaches and problems of EB processing of composites based on ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are discussed.ΠžΠ΄Π½Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π· Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ Π² ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄Ρ–Ρ— Ρ” ΠΏΠΎΡˆΡƒΠΊ Ρ– Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… ΡˆΡ‚ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρ–Π² для заміщСння кісткової Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Ρ– хряща. ΠžΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρ–Π² Π· Π±Ρ–ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡŽ ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΠΎΡŽ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ‡ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ для виготовлСння ΡˆΡ‚ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρ–Π² ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ призначСння. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– досягнСння Ρ– ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρ–Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ— Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ— отримання ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Ρ–Π² Π½Π° основі надвисокомолСкулярного ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Ρƒ.Одной ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ Π² ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΈ являСтся поиск ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² для Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ костной Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ хряща. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² с Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ элСктронными ΠΏΡƒΡ‡ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ использовалась для изготовлСния искусствСнных ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² для ортопСдичСских ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠžΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ достиТСния ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° основС свСрхвысокомолСкулярного полиэтилСна

    Registration of atmospheric neutrinos with the Baikal neutrino telescope

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    We present first neutrino induced events observed with a deep underwater neutrino telescope. Data from 70 days effective life time of the BAIKAL prototype telescope NT-96 have been analyzed with two different methods. With the standard track reconstruction method, 9 clear upward muon candidates have been identified, in good agreement with 8.7 events expected from Monte Carlo calculations for atmospheric neutrinos. The second analysis is tailored to muons coming from close to the opposite zenith. It yields 4 events, compared to 3.5 from Monte Carlo expectations. From this we derive a 90 % upper flux limit of 1.1 * 10^-13 cm^-2 sec^-1 for muons in excess of those expected from atmospheric neutrinos with zenith angle > 150 degrees and energy > 10GeV.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figure

    К ΠžΠ¦Π•ΠΠšΠ• Π‘Π•Π—ΠžΠŸΠΠ‘ΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π˜ Π”Π›Π― Π—Π”ΠžΠ ΠžΠ’Π¬Π― ΠΠΠ‘Π•Π›Π•ΠΠ˜Π― РАКВОПАМИНА ПРИ Π•Π“Πž ΠŸΠžΠ‘Π’Π£ΠŸΠ›Π•ΠΠ˜Π˜ Π‘ ΠŸΠ˜Π©Π•Π’Π«ΠœΠ˜ ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ”Π£ΠšΠ’ΠΠœΠ˜

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    The analysis of scientific data including American and European scientific communities concerning use of ractopamine as a growth factor in food animal production and the argumentation of the maximum permitted levels of ractopamine and levels of ractopamine in meat and byproducts (offal) is carried out. The position of the Russian side stated at the Codex Alimentarius commission 35th session that acceptable ractopamine daily intake is insufficiently validated and cannot be used for the determination of maximum permitted levels of ractopamine in meat and byproducts (offal) is confirmed. It is represented that residual ractopamine intake together with food on the levels which are recommended by the Codex Alimentarius commission and by taking into account the levels of animal products consumption in Russian Federation will lead to unacceptable human health risk level that will promote increasing heart diseases and life expectancy reduction. In this connection Russia states against of acceptance of maximum permitted levels of ractopamine in food.Β ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π² Ρ‚.Ρ‡. Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… амСриканских ΠΈ СвропСйских Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сообщСств, ΠΏΠΎ вопросу использования Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π² качСствС стимулятора роста Π² ТивотноводствС ΠΈ обоснования максимально допустимых ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ этого соСдинСния Π² мясС ΠΈ субпродуктах. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° позиция российской стороны, высказанная Π½Π° 35-ΠΉ сСссии Комиссии Codex Alimentarius ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ допустимая суточная Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π° Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° нСдостаточно обоснована ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ использована для установлСния максимально допустимых ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ содСрТания Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π² мясС ΠΈ субпродуктах. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ поступлСниС Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° с ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ остаточных количСств, Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… КомиссиСй Codex Alimentarius, с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ уровня потрСблСния Π² ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Ρƒ насСлСниСм Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Тивотноводства, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ риску для Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡŒΡ насСлСния, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ росту числа случаСв Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ сСрдСчно-сосудистой систСмы ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. Π’ связи с этим, Россия отстаиваСт ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² принятия максимально допустимого уровня Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ….

    Association of Polymorphisms of Serotonin Transporter (5HTTLPR) and 5-HT2C Receptor Genes with Criminal Behavior in Russian Criminal Offenders

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    Background: Human aggression is a heterogeneous behavior with biological, psychological, and social backgrounds. As the biological mechanisms that regulate aggression are components of both reward-seeking and adversity-fleeing behavior, these phenomena are difficult to disentangle into separate neurochemical processes. Nevertheless, evidence exists linking some forms of ag

    Distributional impact of taxes and social transfers in Russia over the downturn

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    Low oil prices and the recession in Russia which started in 2014 are increasing pressures for fiscal consolidation, after more than a decade of prosperity. This paper assesses the distributional impact of the main tax and social spending programs in Russia in 2014 by applying a state-of-the-art incidence analysis. Overall, the Russian welfare state achieves a moderate reduction in inequality through tax-benefit policies by international standards. Most redistribution occurs through pensions. Major limits on the redistributive effect of tax-benefit policy include the large share of tax revenues that come from (regressive) indirect taxes, the neutral impact of personal income taxes and the low share of spending that goes on social assistance targeted to low-income groups. Tax-benefit policy also has an important impact on the age distribution of income, as households of working-age people (with and without children) subsidize pensioner households

    The Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Experiment: Results, Status, Future

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    We review the present status of the Baikal Underwater Neutrino Experiment and present results obtained with the various stages of the stepwise increasing detector: NT-36 (1993-95), NT-72 (1995-96) and NT-96 (1996-97). Results cover atmospheric muons, first clear neutrino events, search for neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the center of the Earth, search for magnetic monopoles, and -- far from astroparticle physics -- limnology.Comment: Talk given at the Int. School on Nuclear Physics, Erice, Sept.199
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