On the relation between the coronal line emission and the IR/X-ray emission in Seyfert galaxies

The relation between the X-ray, the coronal line and the infrared (IR) emissions in a sample of the brightest known Seyfert galaxies is analysed. A close relationship between the absorption-corrected soft X-ray emission and both the mid-IR and the coronal line emission is found for the Seyfert type 2 objects in the sample. The coronal line and the X-ray emissions are both main tracers of the central activity, hence their relationship with the mid-IR emission points to nuclear energetic process as the main responsibles of the heating of the circumnuclear dust. On the other hand, the above relations do not seem to hold for the Seyfert type 1 discussed in the sample, at least when the comparisons are done in a flux diagram. This is partially because of the reduced number of objects of this type analysed in this work and the fact that the measured soft X-ray emission in Seyfert 1s is systematically larger, by at least an order of magnitude, than that in the Seyfert 2 counterparts. Finally, the hard X-ray emission in the studied sample appears unrelated to either the mid-IR or the coronal line emission.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures To be published in MNRAS (accepted

Hybrid activism : paths of globalisation in the Brazilian environmental movement

Focusing on two case studies of environmental activism in Brazil, this paper argues against theories that consider local and global activism as two separate realms. Instead, it is argued here that transnational activists circulate across the two spaces. In the global spaces, they build alliances with foreign groups, and in the local ones, they deal with the national state, other organised groups and ordinary communities living inside environmental areas they aim to protect. Activists live in both spheres and as they move, they carry with them local and global meanings, knowledge and forms of action and organising, mixing them through the continuous action of two mechanisms: adaptation and emulation. In this way, activists’ biographies – their lived experience, their meanings and strategies – intermingle with both spaces in one single trajectory of activism. Discussing the existing literature on transnational social movements, I will argue that they forge hybrid identities in the sense of being at the same time local and global. Keywords: hybrid activism; transnational social movements; emulation; adaptation; trajectories of activism

Política e economia na ação coletiva: uma crítica etnográfica às premissas dicotômicas

Este artigo procura, distanciando-se dos modelos formais que têm servido de eixo para os estudos sobre ação coletiva e movimentos sociais, restituir a dimensão vivida do engajamento político. Com base em análise etnográfica centrada num conjunto de bairros da Grande Buenos Aires, explora os modos - múltiplos e heterogêneos - como as pessoas se envolvem nos chamados movimentos piqueteros, e indica que essas experiências ganham inteligibilidade ao serem inscritas numa trama mais ampla de relações e possibilidades de vida. A partir de uma perspectiva figuracional, o texto discute alguns pressupostos da literatura sobre organizações piqueteras, em particular, e protestos sociais, em geral; questiona a dicotomia entre razão material e razão político-moral com que se tem abordado a questão das motivações da ação coletiva; desconfia de uma oposição rígida entre Estado e movimentos sociais, apontando para o papel criador - e não só cooptador - das políticas estatais; e, finalmente, propõe sociologizar o lugar do "prazer de fazer" na origem e na continuidade do engajamento político.<br>Distancing itself from the formal models that have served as an axis for studies of collective action and social movements, this article seeks to reinstate the lived dimension of political engagement. Basing itself on the ethnographic analysis of a set of neighbourhoods in Greater Buenos Aires, it explores the multiple and heterogeneous ways in which people become involved in the so-called movimentos piqueteros. It indicates that these experiences become intelligible through their inscription in a wider plot of relations and possibilities. Starting from a figurational perspective, the text discusses some of the assumptions of the literature on piquetero organization, in particular, and social movements more generally; it questions that dichotomy between material reason and politico-moral reason through which the question of the motivations of collective action have been addressed; it is mistrustful of a rigid opposition between the State and social movements, pointing to the creative - and not merely co-optive - character of state policies; and, finally, it proposes to sociologize the locus of the "the pleasure of doing" in the origin and continuity of political engagement