Eastern Mediterranean biogeochemical flux model: simulations of the pelagic ecosystem

International audienceDuring the second phase (2003?2006) of the Mediterranean ocean Forecasting System Project (MFS) named Toward Environmental Predictions (MFSTEP) one of the three major aims was the development of numerical forecasting systems. In this context a generic Biochemical Flux Model (BFM) was developed and coupled with hydrodynamic models already operating at basin scale as well as at regional areas. In the Eastern Mediterranean basin the BFM was coupled with the Aegean Levantine Eddy Resolving MOdel (ALERMO). The BFM is a generic highly complex model based on ERSEM and although a detailed description of the model and its sub models is beyond the scope of this work a short presentation of the main processes, paying emphasis on the parameter values used is presented. Additionally the performance of the model is evaluated with some preliminary results being qualitatively compared against field observations. The model at its present form is rather promising reproducing all major important features even though there are inefficiencies mostly related to primary and bacterial productivity rates

Assessing the phenomenology of the Cretan Sea shelf area using coupling modelling techniques

International audienceIn this work the ability of nesting two hydrodynamical models, the high-resolution Cretan Sea shelf model and the lower resolution regional ALERMO model, was investigated. A new database was developed by objectively analysing raw climatological data from the MODB database enriched with in situ measurements collected by the Institute of Marine Biology of Crete. Prior to nesting with the ALERMO model, the Cretan Sea model was integrated using this new hydrological database, in order to investigate the capability of the model setup to describe the phenomenology of the Cretan Sea. Results show that the model can successfully reproduce the complex general circulation characteristics of the area, such as the dipole of a cyclone and an anticyclone, and the flow reversal between winter and summer. As a next step, the shelf-model was one-way nested with the ALERMO model and was integrated on a climatological basis. The evolution of the circulation characteristics of the Cretan Sea was compared, qualitatively and quantitatively, against the results of the regional model, and proved that the nesting between the two models can provide reliable information while overcoming at the same time the computational constraints imposed by high-resolution models

Sensitivity of the N. AEGEAN SEA ecosystem to Black Sea Water inputs

The effect of Black Sea Water (BSW) inputs on the North Aegean Sea productivity and food web dynamics was investigated, by means of sensitivity simulations, investigating the effect of the inflowing BSW, in terms of inorganic nutrients and dissolved organic matter. The model used has been successfully applied in the area in the past and extensively presented. Considering the importance of the microbial loop in the ecosystem functioning, the role of the dissolved organics and in order to achieve a more realistic representation of the Dissolved Organic Matter pool, the bacteria sub-model was appropriately revised. The importance of the microbial loop is highlighted by the carbon fluxes where almost 50% of carbon is channelled within it. The impact of dissolved organic matter (DOM) (in the inflowing to the Aegean Sea, BSW) appears to be stronger than the impact of dissolved inorganic nutrients, showing a more extended effect over the N Aegean. Bacterial production and biomass is more strongly affected in the simulations by modified DOM, unlike phytoplankton biomass and production, which are more dependent on the inflowing nutrients and particularly phosphorus (inorganic and dissolved organic). In the phytoplankton composition, the dinoflagellates appear to be mostly affected, being favoured by higher nutrient availability at the expense of all other groups, particularly picoplankton, indicating a shift to a more classical food chain

A relocatable ocean model in support of environmental emergencies

During the Costa Concordia emergency case, regional, subregional, and relocatable ocean models have been used together with the oil spill model, MEDSLIK-II, to provide ocean currents forecasts, possible oil spill scenarios, and drifters trajectories simulations. The models results together with the evaluation of their performances are presented in this paper. In particular, we focused this work on the implementation of the Interactive Relocatable Nested Ocean Model (IRENOM), based on the Harvard Ocean Prediction System (HOPS), for the Costa Concordia emergency and on its validation using drifters released in the area of the accident. It is shown that thanks to the capability of improving easily and quickly its configuration, the IRENOM results are of greater accuracy than the results achieved using regional or subregional model products. The model topography, and to the initialization procedures, and the horizontal resolution are the key model settings to be configured. Furthermore, the IRENOM currents and the MEDSLIK-II simulated trajectories showed to be sensitive to the spatial resolution of the meteorological fields used, providing higher prediction skills with higher resolution wind forcing.MEDESS4MS Project; TESSA Project; MyOcean2 Projectinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Field data analysis and application of a complex water column biogeochemical model in different areas of a semi-enclosed basin: towards the development of an ecosystem management tool

The Pagasitikos gulf ecosystem is studied through the analysis of experimental field data acquired during several monitoring projects and the application of a complex biogeochemical model. The gulf was separated into three different parts (internal, top central-external, bottom central-external) according to the patterns exhibited by the key ecosystem indicators. Unlike other semi-enclosed gulfs Pagasitikos can be characterised as meso-oligotrophic undergoing periods of P or N limitation. Although the signal of nutrient inputs is not very clear in the field data, their importance is assessed through simulation. Increased phosphate concentrations either due to mixing or due to anthropogenic activities can result in phytoplanktonic blooms with significant contribution by diatoms. The effect of hydrodynamic patterns on primary production has been demonstrated through ecosystem modeling indicating that due to long stratification periods, all nutrients released through the benthic regeneration are trapped in the deeper layers, developing a microbial food web. However when the thermocline erodes nutrients find their way up in the upper layers of the euphotic zone and the system turns into more classical type with primary producers growing significantly faster. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd

Assessing the phenomenology of the Cretan Sea shelf area using coupling modelling techniques

In this work the ability of nesting two hydrodynamical models, the high-resolution Cretan Sea shelf model and the lower resolution regional ALERMO model, was investigated. A new database was developed by objectively analysing raw climatological data from the MODB database enriched with in situ measurements collected by the Institute of Marine Biology of Crete. Prior to nesting with the ALERMO model, the Cretan Sea model was integrated using this new hydrological database, in order to investigate the capability of the model setup to describe the phenomenology of the Cretan Sea. Results show that the model can successfully reproduce the complex general circulation characteristics of the area, such as the dipole of a cyclone and an anticyclone, and the flow reversal between winter and summer. As a next step, the shelf-model was one-way nested with the ALERMO model and was integrated on a climatological basis. The evolution of the circulation characteristics of the Cretan Sea was compared, qualitatively and quantitatively, against the results of the regional model, and proved that the nesting between the two models can provide reliable information while overcoming at the same time the computational constraints imposed by high-resolution models

Ecosystem modeling: Towards the development of a management tool for a marine coastal system Part I: General circulation, hydrological and dynamical structure

The semi-enclosed environment of Pagasitikos Gulf was the object of a holistic study during 1998-1999 following the appearance of mucilaginous events during summer. A major part of the INSEA project was the development and implementation of a coupled modeling system capable of reproducing all the major characteristics both in physical and biological environments. In the present work the hydrodynamic model based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) code is presented while the functioning of Pagasitikos Gulf is analyzed through the assessment of model results. Model results indicate intense seasonal variability with moderate flow patterns and substantial horizontal and vertical gradients. The main known climatological circulation features are found to be reproduced quite well by the model with a rich eddy field controlled by surface buoyancy and momentum fluxes. The ultimate goal is the development of a future operational forecasting system encompassing a detailed description of the ecosystem processes and advanced data assimilation techniques. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Eastern Mediterranean biogeochemical flux model: simulations of the pelagic ecosystem

International audienceDuring the second phase (2003?2006) of the Mediterranean ocean Forecasting System Project (MFS) named Toward Environmental Predictions (MFSTEP) one of the three major aims was the development of numerical forecasting systems. In this context a generic Biochemical Flux Model (BFM) was developed and coupled with hydrodynamic models already operating at basin scale as well as at regional areas. In the Eastern Mediterranean basin the BFM was coupled with the Aegean Levantine Eddy Resolving MOdel (ALERMO). The BFM is a generic highly complex model based on ERSEM and although a detailed description of the model and its sub models is beyond the scope of this work a short presentation of the main processes, paying emphasis on the parameter values used is presented. Additionally the performance of the model is evaluated with some preliminary results being qualitatively compared against field observations. The model at its present form is rather promising reproducing all major important features even though there are inefficiencies mostly related to primary and bacterial productivity rates