On compatibility between isogenies and polarisations of abelian varieties

We discuss the notion of polarised isogenies of abelian varieties, that is, isogenies which are compatible with given principal polarisations. This is motivated by problems of unlikely intersections in Shimura varieties. Our aim is to show that certain questions about polarised isogenies can be reduced to questions about unpolarised isogenies or vice versa. Our main theorem concerns abelian varieties B which are isogenous to a fixed abelian variety A. It establishes the existence of a polarised isogeny A to B whose degree is polynomially bounded in n, if there exist both an unpolarised isogeny A to B of degree n and a polarised isogeny A to B of unknown degree. As a further result, we prove that given any two principally polarised abelian varieties related by an unpolarised isogeny, there exists a polarised isogeny between their fourth powers. The proofs of both theorems involve calculations in the endomorphism algebras of the abelian varieties, using the Albert classification of these endomorphism algebras and the classification of Hermitian forms over division algebras

Change in blood glucose level in rats after immobilization

Experiments were carried out on male white rats divided into four groups. In group one the blood glucose level was determined immediately after immobilization. In the other three groups, two hours following immobilization, the blood glucose level was determined every 20 minutes for 3 hours 40 minutes by the glucose oxidase method. Preliminary immobilization for 2 hours removed the increase in the blood glucose caused by the stress reaction. By the 2nd hour of immobilization in the presence of continuing stress, the blood glucose level stabilized and varied within 42 + or - 5.5 and 47 + or - 8.1 mg %. Within 2 hours after the immobilization, the differences in the blood glucose level of the rats from the control groups were statistically insignificant

Introduction of open E-learning system as a factor of regional development

The article analyses the economic and socio-cultural premises for introducing the open e-learning in the Ural region, as well as the potential economic effect of this type of educational activity. The article strives to prove a regular pattern of the universities’ transition to e-learning, also in connection with the changes of the educational paradigm and the nature of the educational system management. The hypothesis of the paper is connected with bringing the economic dimension to a humanitarian concept of e-learning, which becomes more and more widespread. The methodology of the article is based on the recognition of the fact that the macroeconomic processes in the information society and the processes occurring in a particular industry — higher education — are of isomorphic nature. On the basis of the analysis of global experience and basic theoretical approaches to e-learning, including the Lifelong Learning concept, the authors make a conclusion of the progressive growth of interest in different countries and regions. The e-learning is treated primarily as a tool to improve quality and efficiency of the educational process. The accuracy of understanding functions and peculiarities of e-learning allows one to determine a positive economic effect of its application for the university, the region, and the employers. The article shows organisational mechanisms and financial model of implementing e-learning in the Ural Federal University. The description is made of the cost options for open-type e-learning course development, investment parameters for their establishment, as well as costs of implementing educational programmes with the application of e-learning. The analysis of the activities of Ural Federal University on implementing e-learning gives the opportunity to further imagine the effect from the introduction of e-learning in other universities in the region. The results of the research may be applied in the institutions of secondary and higher education in the decision concerning the volume and form of the e-learning system

Pricing of construction contract taking into account the of security of object of real estate

The study focuses on the analysis of pricing of construction products in the conditions of tender. The purpose of this article is to establish the cost of the construction of safe buildings. The subject is investment projects in building constriction in the regions of the Russian Federation. The research looks at organizational and economic relations and management processes associated with the formation of the value of investment projects for construction of permanent structures. The article analyzes the instruments used in value management in construction, including the pricing system, contract system and cost engineering. It is revealed that these tools do not ensure the safety of property. A modern approach to the concept of “cost engineering” as a tool of cost management, limits its use to the system of pricing of construction products that does not ensure their the safety in the conditions of tendering. The principles of fair price and non-price competition embodied in the current contract system does not solve the problem of the safety of real estate, because there is no limit to the reduction in the price of the contract. The authors reveal the imperfection of the contract system and the operating scheme tenders. The conclusion is that to ensure the safety of real estate it is necessary to consider the concept of “cost engineering” in a broader context, that is, to view it as a tool to control not only costs but also the market price and behavior of participants in competitive tenders. The article also analyzes tendering schemes in the West and in Russia. The authors developed a method to influence the behavior of participants in tenders and propose introducing the concept of “cost of security” into scientific discourse. The author proposed a system of tenders with the use of value engineering that ensures the safety of real estate throughout its construction and operation.Исследование посвящено анализу формирования стоимости строительной продукции в условиях подрядных торгов. Цель статьи - формирование стоимости строительства безопасных объектов недвижимости. Объектом выступают инвестиционные проекты строительных объектов недвижимости субъектов Российской Федерации. Предметом исследования являются организационно-экономические отношения и управленческие процессы, возникающие при формировании стоимости инвестиционных проектов строительных объектов недвижимости. В статье анализируются используемые инструменты управления стоимостью в строительстве, в том числе система ценообразования, контрактная система и стоимостный инжиниринг. Подмечено, что эти инструменты не обеспечивают безопасность объектов недвижимости. Современный подход к понятию «стоимостный инжиниринг» как инструменту управления затратами предполагает его использование в рамках системы ценообразования строительной продукции, что недостаточно для обеспечения ее безопасности в условиях подрядных торгов. Принципы добросовестной ценовой и неценовой конкуренции, изложенные в действующей контрактной системе, также не решают проблемы безопасности объектов недвижимости, так как не обусловлен предел снижения цены контракта. Вместе с тем выявлено несовершенство контрактной системы и действующей схемы подрядных торгов. Сделан вывод о том, что для обеспечения безопасности объектов недвижимости требуется в более широком смысле рассматривать понятие «стоимостный инжиниринг», не только в рамках системы ценообразования, но и применительно к контрактной системе. То есть стоимостный инжиниринг - это инструмент управления не только затратами, но также рыночной ценой и поведением участников подрядных торгов. Проанализированы схемы подрядных торгов, действующие на Западе и в России. Представлена методика управления поведением участников подрядных торгов. Аргументирована необходимость введения в научный оборот понятия «стоимость безопасности». Предложена авторская схема подрядных торгов с использованием стоимостного инжиниринга, обеспечивающая безопасность объектов недвижимости в процессе их строительства и эксплуатации

Coulomb driven energy boost of heavy ions for laser plasma acceleration

An unprecedented increase of kinetic energy of laser accelerated heavy ions is demonstrated. Ultra thin gold foils have been irradiated by an ultra short laser pulse at an intensity of $6\times 10^{19}$ W/cm$^{2}$. Highly charged gold ions with kinetic energies up to $> 200$ MeV and a bandwidth limited energy distribution have been reached by using $1.3$ Joule laser energy on target. $1$D and $2$D Particle in Cell simulations show how a spatial dependence on the ions ionization leads to an enhancement of the accelerating electrical field. Our theoretical model considers a varying charge density along the target normal and is capable of explaining the energy boost of highly charged ions, leading to a higher efficiency in laser acceleration of heavy ions

Multifractal observations of eddies, oil spills and natural slicks in the ocean surface

Natural and man-made distributions of tensioactive substance concentrations in the sea surface features exhibit self-similarity at all radar reflectivity levels when illuminated by SAR. This allows the investigation of the traces produced by vortices and other features in the ocean surface. The man-made oil spills besides often presenting some linear axis of the pollutant concentration produced by moving ships also show their artificial production in the sea surface by the reduced range of scales, which widens as time measured in terms of the local eddy diffusivity distorts the shape of the oil spills. Thanks to this, multifractal analysis of the different backscattered intensity levels in SAR imagery can be used to distinguish between natural and man-made sea surface features due to their distinct self-similar properties. The differences are detected using the multifractal box-counting algorithm on different sets of SAR images giving also information on the age of the spills. Different multifractal algorithms are compared presenting the differences in scaling as a function of some physical generating process such as the locality or the spectral energy cascade