Características de los hospitales españoles

The aim of this article is to show the current situation of Spanish hospitals, as the result of research into both the public and private sector. The National Health System budget in 2002 was of over 28,000 million Euros. The bulk of the budget, over 90%, goes towards patient care and treatment, with specialised care, and specifically hospitals the main destination for funds. Hospitals constitute an important part of the tertiary sector with a series of specific characteristics, unknown to many, that make them different from the other companies in the services sector. The first, and fundamental difference of these enterprises is that their mission is illness prevention and the recovery of lost health.Hospitals, functional dependency, budget, beds, age and workers.

The Iberian pork meat Industry in Jabugo (Huelva, Spain), 1997-2016

El municipio de Jabugo es uno de los más importantes en la transformación del cerdo ibérico. En las últimas décadas el sector ha sufrido una transformación, con procesos de concentración, relocalización y posicionamiento entre sus empresas. Como resultado de ello, las grandes industrias han salido fortalecidas, y la Denominación de Origen Protegida “Jabugo” aparece como una oportunidad para el sector.The municipality of Jabugo is one of the most important in the transformation of the Iberian pork. In the last decades, the industry has undergone a transformation, with processes of concentration, relocation and positioning among the companies in the industry. As a result, large companies have been strengthened, and the Protected Designation of Origin “Jabugo" emerges as an opportunity for the sector

Role of ripe fruit epidermis-specific FvMYB29-FvbHLH transcription factor complexes in strawberry

Transcriptome changes during strawberry fruit ripening have been previously reported. However, we have identified genes with tissue- and stage-specific patterns in the receptacles of Fragaria vesca coupling LCM with RNA-seq analysis. In the study, we have focused on the Gene Regulatory Network at the epidermis in ripe fruits, since it is the external cell layer in direct contact with the environment and it plays an important role in defense, and, in contrast to receptacles of the commercial species, it is the only part of the fruit that accumulates anthocyanins. Consistently, a GO functional analysis of this GRN showed enrichment in genes involved in flavonoid and wax biosynthesis. Three out of the several ripe epidermis-specific TFs were selected to study their biological role, one of them belonging to the MYB family (FvMYB29), and two bHLH-like proteins (FvbHLH22 and FvbHLH67). Protein interaction assays revealed that the FvMYB29 protein physically interacts with the two FvbHLHs. Genome-wide binding sites of these TFs were identified by DAP-seq, revealing that genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and cuticle composition are among the FvMYB29 targets, which was validated by transactivation assays. However, transactivation assays with different combinations of FvMYB29 and the two FvbHLH showed that the latter modulates the activation of transcription of the targets. Consistently with the role of FvMYB29 in the cuticle formation, stable FvMYB29-overexpressing lines showed a misregulation of genes related to cutin and wax biosynthesis in ripe fruits and leaves. Furthermore, FvMYB29-overexpressing fruits presented cuticular nanoridges. On the other hand, young leaves of FvMYB29-overexpression lines showed denser epicuticular waxes in the abaxial surface and an alteration in wax composition but compared to the control. All these results support the role of the FvMYB29-FvbHLH TF complex as an important regulator of cuticle structure in F. vesca.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

La universidad emocional. La investigación en aprendizaje a través de las emociones. Especial referencia al ámbito universitario

Desde hace más de dos décadas, la Inteligencia Emocional (IE) se ha convertido en un concepto de gran interés. Una de las líneas de investigación que más interés ha suscitado en los últimos años, es el papel que tienen las emociones en el aprendizaje de los alumnos, y la influencia que tiene el constructo inteligencia emocional para determinar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Debido a diferencias en la definición del constructo y a distintas metodologías empleadas, los hallazgos no han sido concluyentes. El artículo propone la continuidad en la investigación en IE y, en concreto, abrir más la investigación de la IE en el ámbito universitario (en particular en el área de Administración de Empresa y Finanzas y Contabilidad), trazar el mapa de la Universidad Emocional (alumno y profesor) ya que puede ayudar a interpretar mejor el concepto de éxito académico: buen docente, investigador y gestor; rendimiento, motivación, estilos de aprendizaje, aprensión comunicativa, competencias socio-emocionales, etc. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar la situación actual de la investigación en IE, en concreto en el ámbito universitario, en los distintos tópicos de trabajo y futuras líneas de investigación

Molecular study of drought response in the Mediterranean conifer Pinus Pinaster Ait. : differential transcriptomic profiling reveals constitutive water deficit‐independent drought tolerance mechanisms

Adaptation of long‐living forest trees to respond to environmental changes is essential to secure their performance under adverse conditions. Water deficit is one of the most significant stress factors determining tree growth and survival. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.), the main source of softwood in southwestern Europe, is subjected to recurrent drought periods which, according to climate change predictions for the years to come, will progressively increase in the Mediterranean region. The mechanisms regulating pine adaptive responses to environment are still largely unknown. The aim of this work was to go a step further in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying maritime pine response to water stress and drought tolerance at the whole plant level. A global transcriptomic profiling of roots, stems, and needles was conducted to analyze the performance of siblings showing contrasted responses to water deficit from an ad hoc designed full‐sib family. Although P. pinaster is considered a recalcitrant species for vegetative propagation in adult phase, the analysis was conducted using vegetatively propagated trees exposed to two treatments: well‐watered and moderate water stress. The comparative analyses led us to identify organ‐specific genes, constitutively expressed as well as differentially expressed when comparing control versus water stress conditions, in drought‐sensitive and drought‐tolerant genotypes. Different response strategies can point out, with tolerant individuals being pre‐adapted for coping with drought by constitutively expressing stress‐related genes that are detected only in latter stages on sensitive individuals subjected to drought

InSAR-Based Mapping to Support Decision-Making after an Earthquake

It has long been recognized that earthquakes change the stress in the upper crust around the fault rupture and can influence the behaviour of neighbouring faults and volcanoes. Rapid estimates of these stress changes can provide the authorities managing the post-disaster situation with valuable data to identify and monitor potential threads and to update the estimates of seismic and volcanic hazard in a region. Here we propose a methodology to evaluate the potential influence of an earthquake on nearby faults and volcanoes and create easy-to-understand maps for decision-making support after large earthquakes. We apply this methodology to the Mw 7.8, 2016 Ecuador earthquake. Using Sentinel-1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and continuous GPS data, we measure the coseismic ground deformation and estimate the distribution of slip over the fault rupture. We also build an alternative source model using the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) solution. Then we use these models to evaluate changes of static stress on the surrounding faults and volcanoes and produce maps of potentially activated faults and volcanoes. We found, in general, good agreement between our maps and the seismic and volcanic events that occurred after the Pedernales earthquake. We discuss the potential and limitations of the methodology

Elastic scattering and α -particle production in 6 He + 208 Pb collisions at 22 MeV

Experimental results of the elastic scattering of 6He on 208Pb at E LAB=22 MeV, measured at the CRC facility (Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium), are presented, including results on the 4He production channel. These data were taken with full angular coverage and high angular resolution. Both experimental cross sections are compared with continuum discretized coupled channels and distorted-wave Born approximation calculations, where direct breakup and transfer to the continuum processes are considered. The elastic data confirm the absence of the Coulomb rainbow, while the distribution of α particles indicates that such production is mostly generated by transfer to the continuum.MICINN FPA2005-04460 FPA200502379 FPA2006-13807-c02-01 FPA2007-63074 FPA2009-07653 FPA2009-07387 FPA2010-22131-C02-01Junta de Andalucía FQM-4964Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00042Comisión Europea HPRI-CT-1999-0011

Push-pull driving of the Central America Forearc in the context of the Cocos-Caribbean-North America triple junction

Different kinematic models have been proposed for the triple junction between the North American, Cocos and Caribbean plates. The two most commonly accepted hypotheses on its driving mechanism are (a) the North American drag of the forearc and (b) the Cocos Ridge subduction push. We present an updated GPS velocity field which is analyzed together with earthquake focal mechanisms and regional relief. The two hypotheses have been used to make kinematic predictions that are tested against the available data. An obliquity analysis is also presented to discuss the potential role of slip partitioning as driving mechanism. The North American drag model presents a better fit to the observations, although the Cocos Ridge push model explains the data in Costa Rica and Southern Nicaragua. Both mechanisms must be active, being the driving of the Central American forearc towards the NW analogous to a push-pull train. The forearc sliver moves towards the west-northwest at a rate of 12–14 mm/yr, being pinned to the North American plate in Chiapas and western Guatemala, where the strike-slip motion on the volcanic arc must be very small

Identificación y caracterización de genes implicados en la maduración y la calidad de la fresa

Ripening is a critical step for the development of flavor quality in fruits. This character has significantly declined in many fleshy fruits over recent decades. This is particularly significant in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), where current cultivars are derived from a narrow germplasm collection. Improving fruit quality requires two important breakthroughs: 1) a precise understanding of the fruit ripening process that will allow the targeting of relevant genes, and 2) the identification of novel alleles responsible for fruit quality traits. In our project (TRANSFR-Q, Starting Grant-ERC), we aim at the identification and characterization of key transcription factors involved in fruit ripening regulation and their target genes, in order to infer the Gene Regulatory Network controlling this process. On the other hand, we are carrying out a Genome-Wide Association Study using a germplasm collection of the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) in order to identify loci involved in important traits such as aroma, fruit size, and resistance to pathogens. Finally, we have implemented the use of the genome-editing tool CRISPR/Cas9 in the cultivated strawberry, which we expect to open opportunities for engineering this species to improve traits of economic importance.ERC Starting Grant ERC-2014-StG 63813

Transcriptional regulatory network controlling strawberry fruit ripening and quality

Ripening is a critical step for the development of flavor quality in fruits. This character has significantly declined in many fleshy fruits over recent decades. This is particularly significant in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), where current cultivars are derived from a narrow germplasm collection. Improving fruit quality requires two important breakthroughs: 1) a precise understanding of the fruit ripening process that will allow the targeting of relevant genes, and 2) the identification of novel alleles responsible for fruit quality traits. In our project, we aim at the identification and characterization of key transcription factors involved in fruit ripening regulation and their target genes, in order to infer the Gene Regulatory Network controlling this process. On the other hand, we are carrying out a Genome-Wide Association Study using a germplasm collection of the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) in order to identify loci involved in important traits such as aroma, fruit size or resistance to pathogens. Finally, we have implemented the use of the genome-editing tool CRISPR/Cas9 in the cultivated strawberry, which we expect it might open opportunities for engineering this species to improve traits of economic importance.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech