Record Of Freshwater Crab Species Oziotelphusa Ravi From Walayar Lake, Kerala State, Southern India.

Field survey in the year of 2019 walayar lake in Kerala state, India. During study period record of one fresh water crab species namely Oziotelphusa ravi, its recently discovered from Nagercoil, in Tamil Nadu state, southern India. This note provided to distribution, Ecological status and conservation of specie

Protonated C₃N₄ Nanosheets for Enhanced Energy Storage in Symmetric Supercapacitors through Hydrochloric Acid Treatment

Next-generation electrochemical energy storage materials are essential in delivering high power for long periods of time. Double-layer carbonaceous materials provide high power density with low energy density due to surface-controlled adsorption. This limitation can be overcome by developing a low-cost, more abundant material that delivers high energy and power density. Herein, we develop layered C3N4 as a sustainable charge storage material for supercapacitor applications. It was thermally polymerized using urea and then protonated with various acids to enhance its charge storage contribution by activating more reaction sites through the exfoliation of the C-N framework. The increased electron-rich nitrogen moieties in the C-N framework material lead to better electrolytic ion impregnation into the electrode, resulting in a 7-fold increase in charge storage compared to the pristine material and other acids. It was found that C3N4 treated with hydrochloric acid showed a very high capacitance of 761 F g-1 at a current density of 20 A g-1 and maintained 100% cyclic retention over 10,000 cycles in a three-electrode configuration, outperforming both the pristine material and other acids. A symmetric device was fabricated using a KOH/LiI gel-based electrolyte, exhibiting a maximum specific capacitance of 175 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1. Additionally, the device showed remarkable power and energy density, reaching 600 W kg-1 and 35 Wh kg-1, with an exceptional cyclic stability of 60% even after 5000 cycles. This study provides an archetype to understand the underlying mechanism of acid protonation and paves the way to a metal-carbon-free environment.</p

Protonated C₃N₄ Nanosheets for Enhanced Energy Storage in Symmetric Supercapacitors through Hydrochloric Acid Treatment

Next-generation electrochemical energy storage materials are essential in delivering high power for long periods of time. Double-layer carbonaceous materials provide high power density with low energy density due to surface-controlled adsorption. This limitation can be overcome by developing a low-cost, more abundant material that delivers high energy and power density. Herein, we develop layered C3N4 as a sustainable charge storage material for supercapacitor applications. It was thermally polymerized using urea and then protonated with various acids to enhance its charge storage contribution by activating more reaction sites through the exfoliation of the C–N framework. The increased electron-rich nitrogen moieties in the C–N framework material lead to better electrolytic ion impregnation into the electrode, resulting in a 7-fold increase in charge storage compared to the pristine material and other acids. It was found that C3N4 treated with hydrochloric acid showed a very high capacitance of 761 F g–1 at a current density of 20 A g–1 and maintained 100% cyclic retention over 10,000 cycles in a three-electrode configuration, outperforming both the pristine material and other acids. A symmetric device was fabricated using a KOH/LiI gel-based electrolyte, exhibiting a maximum specific capacitance of 175 F g–1 at a current density of 1 A g–1. Additionally, the device showed remarkable power and energy density, reaching 600 W kg–1 and 35 Wh kg–1, with an exceptional cyclic stability of 60% even after 5000 cycles. This study provides an archetype to understand the underlying mechanism of acid protonation and paves the way to a metal–carbon-free environment

Studies on the morphometry of Macrobrachium nobilii (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)

Fourteen morphometric characters of Macrobrachium nobilii (Henderson and Matthai, 1910), a freshwater prawn were measured from 72 males and 66 females collected at random in field. The growth constant (b) of total length and weight for male (4.28) and female (3.02) differed significantly (P<0.05). Comparison of slopes and elevations of regressions between sexes indicated significant difference in all the studied dependent parameters with carapace length (X), except with carapace width (Y). In males, major and minor chelipeds showed positive allometry while in females the growth was isometric.<br>Quatorze características morfológicas do Macrobrachium nobilii (Henderson e Matthai, 1910), 72 machos e 66 fêmeas de lagostas de água fresca foram medidas. O crescimento constante (b) do comprimento total e peso para os machos (4.28) e fêmeas (3.02) apresentaram diferenças significativas (P<0.05). A comparação da inclinação e da elevação das regressões entre sexos indicaram diferenças significativas em todos os parâmetros dependentes estudados comprimento da carcaça (x), exceto largura da carcaça (y). Nos machos, as garras principais e secundárias demonstraram alometria positiva quando nas fêmeas o crescimento foi isométrico