986 research outputs found
Patchwork Metropolis. Un modello teorico per il progetto dei territori contemporanei
In 1989 the young Dutch architect Willem Jan Neutelings developed a project for the area in between Rotterdam and the Hague that was going to face, in the following years, a huge increment of population and activities. In this context Neutelings proposed his personal reinterpretation of the urban form called “De Tapijtmetropool” or “Patchwork Metropolis” .
The analyses of his work has been the methodological pretext to further investigate the different declinations of the figure of the patchwork in the urban discipline from its origins, mainly related with the work of “The Regional Planning Association of America” and ecologists such as Richard T.T. Forman, until today.
Interpreted as a general manifesto or as the explanation of a specific territorial configuration, the patchwork discourse crosses many of the preeminent topics of the modernity – the figure of the fragment, the issue of the peripheral condition and the territorial layout of the contemporary city – but also many other metaphors and researches – cities in between , the territory as a palimpsests , the city territory , the città diffusa , the archipelago city – preserving and enriching each time its precious ambiguity.
The thesis is articulated in four parts that assemble a circular story that opens and closes in the same sector of the Dutch territory. Starting with a new reading of the Neutelings’ manifesto (I) and finishing with the analyses of the political, social and territorial configuration of the Netherlands (IV), the research demonstrates retrospectively the presence of an implicit project, recognizing the elements and the typical working mechanisms of the patchwork model. The central part of this thesis (II-III) questions the operational validity of the patchwork metaphor for the urban discipline, aiming to transform the six-pages long article of Neutelings into a more coherent and grounded paradigm to interpret and design the contemporary territories.
As a project of coexistence, the patchwork deserves a preeminent role in the contemporary urban discourse, for the willingness to seek an order, even if a weak one, in a territory which is apparently missing it and to address one of the most important themes of the entire Western culture: the relationship between the one and the multiple
Modelling Private Wealth Accumulation and Spend-down in the Italian Microsimulation Model CAPP_DYN: A Life-Cycle Approach
In microsimulation literature a limited number of
models include a module aimed
at analyzing and projecting the evolution of privat
e wealth over time. However, this issue appears
crucial in order to comprehensively evaluate the li
kely distributional effects of institutional
reforms adopted to cope with population ageing. In
this work we describe the implementation in
the Italian dynamic micro simulation model CAPP_DYN
of a new module in which households\u2019
savings and asset allocation are modelled. In parti
cular, we aim to account for possible
behavioural responses to pension reforms in househo
ld savings. To this end, we rely on an
approximate life cycle structural framework for est
imating saving behaviour, while adopting a
traditional stochastic micro simulation approach fo
r asset allocation. In line with Ando and
Nicoletti Altimari (2004), we emphasize the role of
lifetime economic resources in households\u2019
consumption decisions, yet we further account for i
nternal habit formation and subjective
expectations on pension outcomes in the econometric
stage. In addition, we model
intergenerational transfers of private wealth in a
probabilistic fashio
The Introduction of a Private Wealth Module in CAPP_DYN: an Overview
Household saving rate in Italy declined over the last two decades.This trend still persists despite three pension reforms have been enacted since the beginning of the nineties. In this paper we search further evidence of general macroeconomic effects through the analysis of households behaviour. In the first part of the paper we use data from five surveys of the Bank of Italy Surveys of Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) to estimate the lifetime profiles of saving and wealth accumulation. Estimates show that the age profile of the propensity to save has been influenced more by cohort effects than by general trend effects; whereas the age profile of the ratios of financial assets to disposable income has been subject to relevant trend effects. In the second part of the paper we analyse the effects of pension reforms on saving behaviour of Italian Households. Firstly we use a difference-in-difference estimator in order to test whether the groups more severely hit by the reforms actually increased their saving rate relative to the other groups. Then we estimate the Social Security Net Wealth (SSWN) for each individual in the SHIW in the analysed period (1989-2000). Finally we estimate the substitution coefficient between SSWN and private wealth taking into account that the reaction of saving to a change in SSWN depends also on age of the individual. Our results show that the reduction of SSWN is unequally distributed across individuals. The cut is stronger for self employed, young workers and women. Most of the groups more severely hit by the reforms did not increase their saving rate relative to the control group: younger households, in particular, did not increase the saving rate. On the whole a reduction of one Euro in SSWN seems to induce, on the average, a compensating increase in private wealth by about fifty cents. The substitution coefficient between private and social security wealth is higher for the richest and oldest part of the sample. Finally when we split the sample observations by year we find that the more dramatised is the impact of the reform, the higher is the substitution coefficient.Pension reform; household saving; social security wealth; difference-in-difference
Modelling Private Wealth Accumulation and Spend-down in the Italian Microsimulation Model CAPP_DYN: A Life-Cycle Approach
In microsimulation literature a limited number of models are provided with a module aimed at analyzing and projecting the evolution of private wealth over time. However, this issue appears crucial in order to get a comprehensive evaluation of the likely distributional effects of institutional reforms adopted to cope with population ageing. In this work we describe the implementation in the Italian dynamic micro simulation model CAPP_DYN of a new module in which household’s savings and asset allocation are modelled. In particular, our efforts are addressed at accounting for some possible behavioural responses to pension reforms in household savings. To this end, we rely on an approximate life cycle structural framework for estimating saving behaviour, while adopting the traditional stochastic micro simulation approach for assets allocation. In line with Ando and Nicoletti Altimari (2004), we emphasize the role of lifetime economic resources in households’ consumption decisions, yet we further account for internal habit formation and subjective expectations on pension outcomes in the econometric stage. In addition, we model intergenerational transfers of private wealth in a probabilistic fashion. Despite possible saving responses to pension reforms, simulated results for the period 2008-2050 suggest a rising dispersion in saving propensity and intergenerational transfers received are largely responsible for the predicted increase in disposable income inequality in the next decades which, differently from the recent past, will also affect the group of elderly.household consumption, habit formation, pension expectations, social security, intergenerational transfers, income and wealth distribution, microsimulation
An analytical tool to support the pedestrianisation process. The case of via Roma, Cagliari
The article focuses on the case of the modification of an
urban road network: the transformation of a portion of
an important distributor road in the urban area of
Cagliari into a pedestrian space. By means of this case
study the article aims to point out how the conditions of
hierarchy constitute a supporting tool for controlling
and verifying the project of pedestrianisation. This
analysis uses the fundamental conditions of hierarchy
as a tool to assess to what extent the modification of
the road network articulation has resulted in conditions
of lesser inter-connectivity, legibility and functionality.
This analysis evidences that pedestrianisation
interventions have not been completely defined within
a theoretical system that clearly establishes modes and
conditions of implementation. In this perspective the
article proposes a system of criteria, founded on the
principles of hierarchy, meant to be a theoretical
support for processes of pedestrianisation
Unraveling the Gluon Sivers Function in Hadronic Collisions at RHIC
We study the transverse single-spin asymmetries for
and within the so-called color gauge invariant
generalized parton model (CGI-GPM) which, in addition to spin and transverse
momentum effects, includes initial and final state interactions with the
polarized proton remnants. We compute all relevant contributions, focusing in
particular on the process dependence of the gluon Sivers function, which, for
these processes, can always be expressed as a linear combination of two
independent, universal terms. This study extends and completes a previous one,
where only quark initiated partonic processes were considered. We then perform
a combined phenomenological analysis of RHIC data on transverse single-spin
asymmetries in and , putting
the first preliminary constraints on these two gluon Sivers functions. We show
how their size can be estimated by means of these data, and use our results to
provide predictions for the process , comparing them
with data, and , for which experimental information
will soon become available. Corresponding estimates within the simpler GPM
approach, without initial and final state interactions and with a single
universal gluon Sivers function, are also given, showing that a clear
discrimination between these two models is, for the moment, not possible.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures (19 plots), 4 table
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