25 research outputs found
2005 John Marshall International Moot Court Competition in Information Technology and Privacy Law: Bench Memorandum, 24 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 69 (2005)
Medico-Legal Cases (MLC) Presented at a Tertiary Care Center and Acute Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among the Survivors
Objectives: An observational, prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with victims of physical assault and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Material & Methods: All the registered medico-legal cases reported to the emergency department of Gambat hospital were included in the study. The data was collected on a predefined questionnaire including age, gender, mode of injury, weapon of the injury, type of assault (blunt or penetrating), firearm injuries, and road traffic accidents from medico-legal registers. Impact of Event Scale (IES) was used to assess Post-traumatic stress disorder.
Results: The mean age (SD) of victims was 29.3 (10.25) years. Blunt injuries were experienced by 47 (31.33%) victims. The majority of the victims suffered road traffic collision injuries, 59 (39.33%). Forty-eight (32%) victims had substantially higher IES scores (above 37) that confirmed severe PTSD that may contribute to the suppression of the immune system’s functioning among survivors. The majority of the victims were between 18 and 40 years.
Conclusion: The most common cases were related to road traffic collisions followed by blunt injuries. The incidence rate of PTSD was also prevalent in these individuals. Thus, strategies should be developed to prevent such incidents and those who suffer from such traumatic events must be offered psychiatric consultation
The Role of Radiology (X-Ray versus Computed Tomography) in Medicolegal Cases Presented at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Objectives: A prospective observational study was aimed to assess the role of plain radiographs and computed tomography in detecting head injuries presented at the medicolegal office at the Forensics and Radiology Departments, Gambat Medical Hospital, Sindh.
Material and Methods: All cases referred from the Medicolegal Office (MLO) with head injury were included. All victims underwent X-ray head and computed tomography skull was done with 1 or 1.5 cm thick axial sections without administration of intravenous contrast. The radiological reports of X-ray head and CT scans were documented and comparatively evaluated.
Results: Mean age was 38.63 ± 3.91 years. In 51 (45.13%) cases, X-ray was able to detect skull fracture, while CT scan detected 64(56.64%) skull fractures. There were 54 (84.3%) true positives, 3 (2.6%) false positives, 10(8.8%) false negatives, and 40 (40.7%) true negatives. The accuracy of X-ray to detect skull fracture was 88.50%.
Conclusion: X-ray had a sensitivity and specificity of 84.38% and 93.88%, respectively. It is a reliable tool to detect skull fractures in victims of assault in comparison with CT scans. X-ray is also associated with low dose radiation exposure as compared with CT scan which delivers 70 times more exposure than the former
Are 3C249.1 and 3C334 restarted quasars?
This Research Note follows up a Letter in which I posit that J1211+743 is a
restarted radio source. This means that its structure, where the jet points to
the relic lobe, is only apparently paradoxical. Here, I propose the same
scenario and apply the same mathematical model to 3C249.1 and 3C334. The
ultimate result of my investigation is that these two well-known radio-loud
quasars can be understood best so far if it was assumed that they, too, had
been restarted.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in A&A as a Research Not
A study of the environments of large radio galaxies using SDSS
The distributions of galaxies in the environments of 16 large radio sources
have been examined using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In the giant radio
galaxy J1552+2005 (3C326) which has the highest arm-length ratio, the shorter
arm is found to interact with a group of galaxies which forms part of a
filamentary structure. Although most large sources occur in regions of low
galaxy density, the shorter arm is brighter in most cases suggesting
asymmetries in the intergalactic medium which may not be apparent in the
distribution of galaxies. In two cases with strong and variable cores,
J0313+4120 and J1147+3501, the large flux density asymmetries are possibly also
caused by the effects of relativistic motion.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA
Activity restart - a key to explaining the morphology of J1211+743
J1211+743 is a giant radio galaxy with a one-sided jet and two asymmetric
lobes, one of which is of Fanaroff-Riley (FR) type II with a hotspot and the
other is a diffuse relic devoid of a hotspot. The jet points towards the latter
lobe, which is difficult to explain in a standard way within the double-lobed
radio source paradigm. Here, I propose to assume that the nucleus of J1211+743
has undergone a re-ignition of activity and its lobes, presumably both
originally of FR II type, represent an earlier active phase, while the jet
represents the current one. The asymmetry of the lobes is a consequence of the
orientation of the source combined with an activity switch-off that occurred
between two active periods. The relic lobe is on the near side with regard to
the observer, whereas the radiation from the far-side lobe arrives
significantly later owing to its longer distance to the observer. The far-side
lobe is thus perceived to have not yet decayed. On the other hand, the jet
behaves in a standard way, i.e. its projected orientation reflects the near
side of the source. Hence, we are able to explain why the location of the relic
lobe correlates with the direction of the jet.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted as a Letter to A&
A multifrequency study of the large radio galaxies 3C46 and 3C452
We present low-frequency observations starting from ~150 MHz with the Giant
Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), and high-frequency observations with the Very
Large Array (VLA) of two large radio galaxies 3C46 and 3C452. These
observations were made with the objectives of estimating their spectral ages
and examining any evidence of diffuse extended emission at low radio
frequencies due to an earlier cycle of activity. While no evidence of extended
emission due to an earlier cycle of activity has been found, the spectral ages
have been estimated to be ~15 and 27 Myr for the oldest relativistic plasma
seen in the regions close to the cores for 3C46 and 3C452 respectively. The
spectra in the vicinity of the hotspots are consistent with a straight spectrum
with injection spectral indices of ~1.0 and 0.78 respectively, somewhat steeper
than theoretical expectations.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 10 pages, 8 figures and 4 table
Radio Spectra of Giant Radio Galaxies from RATAN-600 Data
Measurements of the flux densities of the extended components of seven giant
radio galaxies obtained using the RATAN-600 radio telescope at wavelengths of
6.25 and 13 cm ar e presented. The spectra of components of these radio
galaxies are constructed using these new RA TAN-600 data together with data
from the WENSS, NVSS, and GB6 surveys. The spectral indices in the stu died
frequency range are calculated, and the need for detailed estimates of the
integrated contributi on of such objects to the background emission is
demonstrated.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, 5 table