Calibration of tactile/force sensors for grasping with the PRISMA Hand II

The PRISMA Hand II is a mechanically robust anthropomorphic hand developed at PRISMA Lab, University of Naples Federico II. The hand is highly underactuated, three motors drive 19 joints via elastic tendons. Thanks to its particular mechanical design, the hand can perform not only adaptive grasps but also in-hand manipulation. Each fingertip integrates a tactile/force sensor, based on optoelectronic technology, to provide tactile/force feedback during grasping and manipulation, particularly useful with deformable objects. The paper briefly describes the mechanical design and sensor technology of the hand and proposes a calibration procedure for tactile/force sensors. A comparison between different models of Neural Networks architectures, suitable for sensors calibration, is shown. Experimental tests are provided to choose the optimal tactile sensing suite. Finally, experiments for the regulation of the forces are made to show the effectiveness of calibrated sensors

Dewatering of excess sludge produced by cas and mbr aerobic treatment plants. effects of biochemical stability and eps composition

This paper investigates the behavior of different sludges from several treatment plants at full and pilot scale configured as Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) and Membrane Bio Reactor (MBR) plants treating different kinds of wastewaters. The sludges collected were subjected to complete analytical and technological characterization in order to correlate the rheological properties that affect the dewatering behavior to the sludge chemical physical properties. In detail the EPS from the samples collected is extracted and characterized in terms of carbohydrates, proteins, uronic acids and humic acids content. Moreover, once characterized, the sludges were subjected to AD in order to assess their bio-methanation potential and hence their biological stability. The final aim was to find correlations between the WWTP operational parameters (i.e. HRT, SRT, volumetric load coefficient, aeration) that finally affect its chemical composition (i.e. BMP, EPS composition) and the physical behavior of the sludge

S100B is not a reliable prognostic index in paediatric TBI.

Pediatr Neurosurg. 2007;43(4):258-64

IL-4Rα Blockade by Dupilumab Decreases Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Increases Microbial Diversity in Atopic Dermatitis.

Dupilumab is a fully human antibody to interleukin-4 receptor α that improves the signs and symptoms of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). To determine the effects of dupilumab on Staphylococcus aureus colonization and microbial diversity on the skin, bacterial DNA was analyzed from swabs collected from lesional and nonlesional skin in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 54 patients with moderate to severe AD randomized (1:1) and treated with either dupilumab (200 mg weekly) or placebo for 16 weeks. Microbial diversity and relative abundance of Staphylococcus were assessed by DNA sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA, and absolute S. aureus abundance was measured by quantitative PCR. Before treatment, lesional skin had lower microbial diversity and higher overall abundance of S. aureus than nonlesional skin. During dupilumab treatment, microbial diversity increased and the abundance of S. aureus decreased. Pronounced changes were seen in nonlesional and lesional skin. Decreased S. aureus abundance during dupilumab treatment correlated with clinical improvement of AD and biomarkers of type 2 immunity. We conclude that clinical improvement of AD that is mediated by interleukin-4 receptor α inhibition and the subsequent suppression of type 2 inflammation is correlated with increased microbial diversity and reduced abundance of S. aureus

Antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of açai fruit makes it a valuable functional food

Several plant extracts are acquiring increasing value because of their antioxidant activity and hypolipidemic properties. Among them, great interest has been recently paid to açai fruit as a functional food. The aim of this study was to test the ability of açai extract in reducing oxidative stress and modulating lipid metabolism in vitro using different cell models and different types of stress. In fact, lipid peroxidation as evaluated in a HepG2 model was reduced five-fold when using 0.25 µg/mL of extract, and it was further reduced (20-fold) with the concentration increase up to 2.5 µg/mL. With the non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)in vitro model, all concentrations tested showed at least a two-fold reduced fat deposit. In addition, primary adipocytes challenged with TNF-α under hypoxic conditions to mimic the persistent subcutaneous fat, treated with açai extract showed an approximately 40% reduction of fat deposit. Overall, our results show that açai is able to counteract oxidative states in all the cell models analysed and to prevent the accumulation of lipid droplets. No toxic effects and high stability overtime were highlighted at the concentrations tested. Therefore, açai can be considered a suitable support in the prevention of different alterations of lipid and oxidative metabolism responsible for fat deposition and metabolic pathological conditions

Design of the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD (SPIROMICS) AIR Study.

IntroductionPopulation-based epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to ambient air pollutants increases hospitalisations and mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but less is known about the impact of exposure to air pollutants on patient-reported outcomes, morbidity and progression of COPD.Methods and analysisThe Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD (SPIROMICS) Air Pollution Study (SPIROMICS AIR) was initiated in 2013 to investigate the relation between individual-level estimates of short-term and long-term air pollution exposures, day-to-day symptom variability and disease progression in individuals with COPD. SPIROMICS AIR builds on a multicentre study of smokers with COPD, supplementing it with state-of-the-art air pollution exposure assessments of fine particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen, ozone, sulfur dioxide and black carbon. In the parent study, approximately 3000 smokers with and without airflow obstruction are being followed for up to 3 years for the identification of intermediate biomarkers which predict disease progression. Subcohorts undergo daily symptom monitoring using comprehensive daily diaries. The air monitoring and modelling methods employed in SPIROMICS AIR will provide estimates of individual exposure that incorporate residence-specific infiltration characteristics and participant-specific time-activity patterns. The overarching study aim is to understand the health effects of short-term and long-term exposures to air pollution on COPD morbidity, including exacerbation risk, patient-reported outcomes and disease progression.Ethics and disseminationThe institutional review boards of all the participating institutions approved the study protocols. The results of the trial will be presented at national and international meetings and published in peer-reviewed journals