15 research outputs found
Nesting habits of social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in forest fragments associated with anthropic areas in southeastern Brazil
The community of social wasps and the substrates used for nesting were studied in anthropic environments associated with areas of natural vegetation in the period of March to September of 2015. Three hundred and forty-seven (347) colonies belonging to eighteen (18) species distributed in six genera were recorded. The species with the highest number of colonies were Mischocyttarus cassununga (R. Von Ilhering, 1903) (194 colonies), Mischocyttarus cerberus (Richards, 1940) (50 colonies) and Polybia Paulista (H. Von Ilhering, 1896) (23 colonies). For other species, the record ranged from one to eighteen colonies
Community of social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in areas of Semideciduous Seasonal Montane Forest
The composition of the fauna of social wasps in two areas of Semideciduous Seasonal Montane Forest in Southeastern Brazil was investigated. The collections were conducted between January 2011 and February 2013 with the use of two methodologies: bait traps and active collecting. Thirty-four species were recorded, distributed in 11 genera, namely, Polybia Lepeletier represented by 11 species (31%), followed by Polistes Latreille and Mischocyttarus de Saussure, both with seven species (20%); the other genera were represented only by one or two species. Three new records were done for Minas Gerais: Mischocyttarus consimilis Zikán, Mischocyttarus ignotus Zikán and Mischocyttarus paraguayensis Zikán. The similarity of the fauna of social wasps of the different studies conducted in Minas Gerais presented negative and significant correlation with the distance among the areas (r2=0.1488, p= 0.02)
<b>Nesting of social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in a riparianforestofriodas Mortes in southeasternBrazil
Evaluating the efficiency of different sampling methods to survey social wasps (Vespidae: Polistinae) in an anthropized environment
Social wasps play important ecological roles, such as the natural biological control of other arthropods as well as major components of the flower-visiting insect guild. Despite many studies focusing on the survey of these organisms in Brazil, information on the community structure of polistines in anthropized environmets is still rare. The goals of the present study were: i) to survey the social wasp fauna in an anthropized area in the transition of Cerrado and Atlantic Forest; ii) to investigate the efficiency of two sampling methods, namely active search for wasps and the use of attractive traps; iii) to investigate the performance of different attractive baits in the capture success of social wasps in the study area. Sampling of social wasps was conducted by actively searching for individuals and by using attractive traps. A total of 40 species was recorded, with Agelaia multipicta and Agelaia vicina species being the most frequently collected with attractive traps and Mischocyttarus cassununga by actively searching for wasps. In all analyses performed (except when comparing abundance of social wasps considering the molasses bait and the active search), actively searching for wasps was the best method. This is also highlighted by the fact that the time spent actively capturing polistines was considerably lower than the time (and costs) that the traps were left in the field. Active search, as demonstrated by previous studies, remains as the best capturing methodology when surveying Neotropical social wasps, either in natural or anthropized environments
CONHECIMENTO POPULAR SOBRE VESPAS SOCIAIS (HYMENOPTERA, VESPIDAE) NAS COMUNIDADES DO ENTORNO DO REFÚGIO DA VIDA SILVESTRE DO RIO PANDEIROS, NORTE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
Insects have socioeconomic interest in different human societies, especially the order Hymenoptera that includes ants, bees, and social and solitary wasps. These hymenopterans are of great importance because of their contribution to pollination, biological control [of pests/diseases?] and for human nutrition. However social wasps - popularly known as marimbondos in Portuguese - commonly have their colonies destroyed [by humans?] due to fear of possible stings. Despite their ecological importance, there are few ethnoentomological studies in Brazil regarding this insect group. In order to get more information about popular knowledge on social wasps, a study was conducted in four communities (Vila Pandeiros, Barra de Mandins, Quilombo and Angico) around the Wildlife Refuge of the Pandeiros River, municipality of Januária, north of Minas Gerais. The data were obtained from June 2014 to May 2015 by means of semi-structured interviews with 37 women and 17 men, with ages ranging from 18 to 85 years. Results show that the surveyed population knows several ethnospecies of social wasps; however they have little or no knowledge about the significance of these insects and consider them irrelevant or a nuisance. Thus, it is urgent that environmental education actions are promoted in order to enable changes on peoples’ perceptions about these insects.Os insetos possuem interesse socioeconômico em diferentes sociedades humanas em função da sua contribuição na polinização, controle biológico e alimentação humana. A ordem Hymenoptera, especificamente, inclui formigas, abelhas e vespas sociais e solitárias. As vespas sociais, popularmente conhecidas por marimbondos, comumente têm suas colônias destruídas por humanos pelo temor a possíveis ataques. Apesar da sua relevância social e ecológica, há poucas informações etnoentomológicas sobre esses insetos no Brasil. No intuito de obter maiores informações acerca do conhecimento popular sobre esses insetos, realizou-se um estudo em quatro comunidades (Vila Pandeiros, Barra de Mandins, Quilombo e Angico) localizadas no entorno do Refúgio da Vida Silvestre do Rio Pandeiros, município de Januária, norte do Estado de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram obtidos no período de junho de 2014 a maio de 2015 por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com 37 mulheres e 17 homens, cujas idades variaram de 18 a 85 anos. Os resultados indicam que a população amostrada conhece várias etnoespécies de marimbondos. No entanto, os entrevistados possuem pouco ou nenhum conhecimento sobre a importância desses insetos, considerando-os irrelevantes ou um incômodo. Nota-se a urgência de ações de educação ambiental que permitam uma mudança comportamental para uma convivência mais tolerante com os marimbondos
Nidification of Polybia rejecta (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) associated to Azteca chartifex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in a fragment of Atlantic Forest, in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil
Susceptibility assessment to different types of landslides in the coastal cliffs of Lourinhã (Central Portugal)
Arquitectura da contradição : construir o frágil . Um refúgio na ilha da Berlenga
Uma ilha é, por definição, um corpo de terra rodeado
por água. Uma ilha é um lugar necessariamente alternativo, separado e isolado pelo seu contorno. Construir numa ilha pressupõe uma deslocação. Como afima
Gilles Delauze “já não é a ilha que se separou do continente, é o homem que estando sobre a ilha encontra-se
separado no mundo”
A ilha implica sempre um viagem, seja ela mental ou
física.
Neste sentido, a tese assume, metaforicamente, a estrutura de uma viagem até à ilha: parte-se da ideia para a
matéria, do branco para o preto, do continente para a
ilha.
O inicio da viagem começa com uma dedução: a partir da noção abstracta de fragilidade propõe-se chegar
a consequências directas, tangíveis, reais e arquitectónicas.
A arquitectura, a que se vai chamar frágil, é definida e
ao mesmo tempo generosa, é um produto de conflito e
uma descontinuidade; é um cessar-fogo ténue entre o
absolutismo de uma ordem pré-existente e o anarquismo do caos
Nesting associations between Chartergus globiventris Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and Tolmomyias sulphurescens Spix (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae) in southeastern Brazil
Abstract. The success of social wasps is highly dependent on nest construction and colony maintenance. Species use different strategies to avoid nest predation, including forming associations with other insects and vertebrates. This study describes for the first time the association between the social wasp Chartergus globiventris Saussure and the yellow-olive flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens Spix in a deciduous seasonal forest fragment in southeastern Brazil. We located eight active C. globiventris colonies in the study site, three of which were associated with active T. sulphurescens nests. Bird-wasp associations in previous studies have been regarded as commensalism because only birds seem to benefit. However, further studies are needed to better understand the potential benefits of this relationship for both taxa.
Associações de nidificação entre Chartergus globiventris Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) e Tolmomyias sulphurescens Spix (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae) no sudeste do Brasil
Resumo. O sucesso das espécies de vespas sociais está relacionado tanto a construção quanto a manutenção das colônias. Várias espécies utilizam de diversas estratégias para evitar a predação de seus ninhos, como a associação com outros insetos e vertebrados. O presente estudo descreve o primeiro registro da associação da vespa social Chartergus globiventris Saussure com a ave Tolmomyias sulphurescens Spix em fragmento de Floresta Estacional Decidual no Sudeste do Brasil. Foram registradas oito colônias de C. globiventris ativas em diferentes espécies arbóreas, das quais três estavam associadas a ninhos ativos de T. sulphurescens. A associação entre a ave e a vespa tem sido tratada como comensalismo, pois apenas a ave obtém vantagens aparente, como discutido na literatura. Contudo, é necessário realizar experimentações ou análises mais aprofundadas a fim de se obter afirmações sobre os benefícios dessa relação.</
Nesting associations between Chartergus globiventris Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and Tolmomyias sulphurescens Spix (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae) in southeastern Brazil
The success of social wasps is highly dependent on nest construction and colony maintenance. Species use different strategies to avoid nest predation, including forming associations with other insects and vertebrates. This study describes for the first time the association between the social wasp Chartergus globiventris Saussure and the yellow-olive flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens Spix in a deciduous seasonal forest fragment in southeastern Brazil. We located eight active C. globiventris colonies in the study site, three of which were associated with active T. sulphurescens nests. Bird-wasp associations in previous studies have been regarded as commensalism because only birds seem to benefit. However, further studies are needed to better understand the potential benefits of this relationship for both taxa.O sucesso das espécies de vespas sociais está relacionado tanto a construção quanto a manutenção das colônias. Várias espécies utilizam de diversas estratégias para evitar a predação de seus ninhos, como a associação com outros insetos e vertebrados. O presente estudo descreve o primeiro registro da associação da vespa social Chartergus globiventris Saussure com a ave Tolmomyias sulphurescens Spix em fragmento de Floresta Estacional Decidual no Sudeste do Brasil. Foram registradas oito colônias de C. globiventris ativas em diferentes espécies arbóreas, das quais três estavam associadas a ninhos ativos de T. sulphurescens. A associação entre a ave e a vespa tem sido tratada como comensalismo, pois apenas a ave obtém vantagens aparente, como discutido na literatura. Contudo, é necessário realizar experimentações ou análises mais aprofundadas a fim de se obter afirmações sobre os benefícios dessa relaçã