Detecting, Quantifying, and Discriminating the Mechanism of Mosaic Chromosomal Aneuploidies Using MAD-seq

Current approaches to detect and characterize mosaic chromosomal aneuploidy are limited by sensitivity, efficiency, cost, or the need to culture cells. We describe the mosaic aneuploidy detection by massively parallel sequencing (MAD-seq) capture assay and the MADSEQ analytical approach that allow low

New phylogenetic insights into Saprolegniales (Oomycota, Straminipila) based upon studies of specimens isolated from Brazil and Argentina

Saprolegniales is a complex and monophyletic order of oomycetes. Their members inhabit terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems and have a worldwide distribution. In these ecosystems, they are found as saprobes, parasites, or even pathogens of animals and plants of economic importance. In this study, a concatenate phylogeny of the partial LSU and complete ITS rDNA regions is presented, including isolates from Brazil and Argentina, which were sequenced after a detailed morphological analysis. Among the sequenced species, Achlya orion, Leptolegnia eccentrica, Phragmosporangium uniseriatum, and Pythiopsis irregularis are included for the first time in a phylogeny. Our results are in agreement with the recent informal proposals outlined in taxonomic overviews of the Oomycota of G.W. Beakes and collaborators, who placed the family Verrucalvaceae into the Saprolegniales and introduced the family Achlyaceae to group Achlya s.s., Brevilegnia, Dictyuchus, and Thraustotheca. These results also support the transference of Achlya androgyna to Newbya. Leptolegnia appears as paraphyletic, with the separation of L. eccentrica from the other species of this genus. In addition, Phragmosporangium, which is herein sequenced for the first time, clustered as sister to some species of Aphanomyces, including the type species, A. stellatus.Fil: Rocha, Sarah C. O.. Instituto de Botânica. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia; BrasilFil: Lopez Lastra, Claudia Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Marano, Agostina Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Instituto de Botânica. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia; BrasilFil: de Souza, José Ivanildo. Instituto de Botânica. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia; BrasilFil: Rueda Páramo, Manuel Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Pires Zottarelli, Carmen L. A.. Instituto de Botânica. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia; Brasi

DESAFIOS DOS ESTUDOS “ESTADO DA ARTE”: ESTRATÉGIAS DE PESQUISA NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO

Os estudos do estado da arte permitem sistematizar um determinado campo do conhecimento,mapear e reconhecer as produções, identificando temáticas e abordagens dominantes eemergentes, bem como lacunas e campos inexplorados abertos à pesquisa, num recorte temporaldefinido. Este artigo apresenta caminhos percorridos por acadêmicas de doutorado do Programade Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM/RS) naprodução do estado da arte de cada uma das temáticas a serem desenvolvidas em suas teses. Nosresultados, discutimos diferentes estratégias adotadas, possibilidades e desafios deste tipo deestudo, destacando aspectos como: a delimitação do olhar face ao grande número de trabalhosrealizados e publicados, o estabelecimento de metas e categorias de análise, a relatividade e aincompletude inerente às pesquisas desse cunho

Integrating adverse effect analysis into environmental risk assessment for exotic generalist arthropod biological control agents: a three-tiered framework

Environmental risk assessments (ERAs) are required before utilizing exotic arthropods for biological control (BC). Present ERAs focus on exposure analysis (host/prey range) and have resulted in approval of many specialist exotic biological control agents (BCA). In comparison to specialists, generalist arthropod BCAs (GABCAs) have been considered inherently risky and less used in classical biological control. To safely consider exotic GABCAs, an ERA must include methods for the analysis of potential effects. A panel of 47 experts from 14 countries discussed, in six online forums over 12 months, scientific criteria for an ERA for exotic GABCAs. Using four case studies, a three-tiered ERA comprising Scoping, Screening and Definitive Assessments was developed. The ERA is primarily based on expert consultation, with decision processes in each tier that lead to the approval of the petition or the subsequent tier. In the Scoping Assessment, likelihood of establishment (for augmentative BC), and potential effect(s) are qualitatively assessed. If risks are identified, the Screening Assessment is conducted, in which 19 categories of effects (adverse and beneficial) are quantified. If a risk exceeds the proposed risk threshold in any of these categories, the analysis moves to the Definitive Assessment to identify potential non-target species in the respective category(ies). When at least one potential non-target species is at significant risk, long-term and indirect ecosystem risks must be quantified with actual data or the petition for release can be dismissed or withdrawn. The proposed ERA should contribute to the development of safe pathways for the use of low risk GABCAs

Educação Ambiental envolvendo o descarte de pilhas e baterias: uma ação do PIBID de Química na comunidade do Salobrinho

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Revista de Saúde Pública in scientific publications on Violence and Health (1967-2015)

ABSTRACT This article retrieved the publications from the Revista de Saúde Pública journal (from 1967 to 2015) on violence and health, on the SciELO and PubMed bases, by searching for the terms “violence”, “suicide”, “aggression”, “bullying”, and “external causes”, registered in any part of the text. We found 130 articles (the first one published in 1974). We observed: increase of publications over time, with decrease in the last five years; similar production volume in lethal and non-lethal violence; later publication of the latter; few studies in qualitative research; mostly descriptive production; and visualization of the problem more by the acts than by contexts or motivations and aggressors. Social markers were little approached, appearing, from largest to smallest frequency, social class, gender, race/ethnicity, and generation. Human rights were little used and only recently used as analytical framework, connected more to gender than to social class. Although Revista de Saúde Pública has registered the theme in its publications, consolidating it as scientific production line, there is still great explanatory theoretical rarefaction and little intersectionality between violence, social inequalities, and human rights