Patterns in the multiannual course of growing season in Central Europe since the end of the 19th century

The research identified patterns in the multiannual course of start and end dates, and length of growing sea son (GS) in Central Europe since the end of the 19th century in selected cities of Central Europe in the period 1893-2020. GS start in the analysed stations was characterised by high year-to-year variability, particularly in those located more southwards, i.e. in Prague and Vienna. A smaller variability occurred in GS end dates. The GS was subject to prolon gation, although these changes in particular cities were uneven and had different causes. In Toruń and Potsdam, its increase was caused by a greater shift of the end date, and in the remaining stations, it was determined by its earlier start date. Two subperiods were distinguished that differ in terms of intensity of changes of the start and end dates, as well as the length of the GS. The intensification was observed recently

Technique of double incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DILCH) as an alternative to SILS

Background. Single incisions laparoscopic surgery (SILS) applied for cholecystectomy can ensure a good cosmetic effect expecting without no visible scarring cosmetic effect after surgical procedures, but needrequires implementation of special ports, as well as articulating and banked instruments to be more comfortable for the surgeon. The aim of this paper is to present three three-ports cholecystectomy through two well hidden incisions – umbilical and suprapubic, – performed by with typical laparoscopic instruments. Methods. Ten consecutive elective patients with typical, symptomatic cholelithiasis were qualified for DILS cholecystectomy. All acute cases were excluded from intervention. Typical CO2 pneumoperitoneum was done after umbilical skin incision. Two ports, 5 mm and 11 mm, were inserted in the maximum external edges of this incision. The second incision for 11 mm optical trocar for optic was performed in the suprapubic median line, just in the hairy zonewithin the hair line, to hidden conceal himit. Results. DILCH were performed without any conversions to classical LCH or open cholecystectomy. Each procedure was different according to technical improvement of access and manipulation of instruments manipulations. Time of interventions ranged between from 2 hours for the first patients to 1 hour for the last according to the learning curve. No complications were observed and all patients were discharged as after conventional LCH. Conclusions. DILCH as a three three-port laparoscopic intervention, performed with typical laparoscopic instruments, is more convenient for the surgeon than single incision LCH. Transfer of the optic from the umbilical port site to hidden the concealed suprapubic hairy region gives thereprovides more space for instruments but didn’t did not spoil theed good cosmetic effect of intervention. This procedure is easy to learn and in case of technical problems we can always apply additional ports like foras in typical LCH. Background. Single incisions laparoscopic surgery (SILS) applied for cholecystectomy can ensure a good cosmetic effect expecting without no visible scarring cosmetic effect after surgical procedures, but needrequires implementation of special ports, as well as artic- ulating and banked instruments to be more comfortable for the surgeon. The aim of this paper is to present three three-ports chole- cystectomy through two well hidden incisions – umbilical and suprapubic, – performed by with typical laparoscopic instruments. Methods. Ten consecutive elective patients with typical, symptomatic cholelithiasis were qualified for DILS cholecystectomy. All acute cases were excluded from intervention. Typical CO2 pneumoperitoneum was done after umbilical skin incision. Two ports, 5 mm and 11 mm, were inserted in the maximum external edges of this incision. The second incision for 11 mm optical trocar for optic was per- formed in the suprapubic median line, just in the hairy zonewithin the hair line, to hidden conceal himit. Results. DILCH were performed without any conversions to classical LCH or open cholecystectomy. Each procedure was different according to technical improvement of access and manipulation of instruments manipulations. Time of interventions ranged between from 2 hours for the first patients to 1 hour for the last according to the learning curve. No complications were observed and all patients were discharged as after conventional LCH. Conclusions. DILCH as a three three-port laparoscopic intervention, performed with typical laparoscopic instruments, is more convenient for the surgeon than single incision LCH. Transfer of the optic from the umbilical port site to hidden the concealed supra- pubic hairy region gives thereprovides more space for instruments but didn’t did not spoil theed good cosmetic effect of intervention. This procedure is easy to learn and in case of technical problems we can always apply additional ports like foras in typical LCH.

Measurement of the electric dipole moments for transitions to rubidium Rydberg states via Autler-Townes splitting

We present the direct measurements of electric-dipole moments for $5P_{3/2}\to nD_{5/2}$ transitions with $20<n<48$ for Rubidium atoms. The measurements were performed in an ultracold sample via observation of the Autler-Townes splitting in a three-level ladder scheme, commonly used for 2-photon excitation of Rydberg states. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic measurement of the electric dipole moments for transitions from low excited states of rubidium to Rydberg states. Due to its simplicity and versatility, this method can be easily extended to other transitions and other atomic species with little constraints. Good agreement of the experimental results with theory proves the reliability of the measurement method.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures; figure 6 replaced with correct versio

Quantum-enhanced protocols with mixed states using cold atoms in dipole traps

We discuss the use of cold atoms in dipole traps to demonstrate experimentally a particular class of protocols for computation and metrology based on mixed states. Modelling of the system shows that, for a specific class of problems (tracing, phase estimation), a quantum advantage can be achieved over classical algorithms for very realistic conditions and strong decoherence. We discuss the results of the models and the experimental implementation

A cold-atoms based processor for deterministic quantum computation with one qubit in intractably large Hilbert spaces

We propose the use of Rydberg interactions and ensembles of cold atoms in mixed state for the implementation of a protocol for deterministic quantum computation with one quantum bit that can be readily operated in high dimensional Hilbert spaces. We propose an experimental test for the scalability of the protocol and to study the physics of discord. Furthermore, we explore the possibility of extending to non-trivial unitaries, such as those associated to many-body physics. Finally develop a scheme to add control to cold atom unitaries in order to facilitate their implementation in our proposal

EuGMS 2019 Congress report: evidence-based medicine in geriatrics

This is the final version. Available from Springer Nature via the DOI in this record. The 2019 EuGMS Congress “Evidence-Based Medicine in Geriatrics” was held in Krakow, Poland, and attended by over 1600 participants from 64 different countries. A summary and reflection on the congress was presented in the Closing Ceremony by European Academy for Medicine of Aging graduates, and summarised in this article. Keynote lectures, ‘state of the art’ sessions and symposia presented the evidence relating to different age-related conditions, their prevention, management and treatments. Hot topic areas included frailty and multimorbidity, and evidence-based attempts to address these conditions at different life stages. The field of geriatrics represents unique challenges for evidence-based medicine practice. There is much research going on. Clear leadership is needed to facilitate consensus agreements on standard definitions, methods and relevant outcomes, in collaboration with older people themselves, to maximise the opportunities and benefits of doing this research, and benefiting our patients and society at large

Acceptability, Feasibility and Preliminary Evaluation of a Novel, Personalised, Home based Physical Activity Intervention for Chronic Heart Failure (Active-at-Home-HF)::A Pilot Study

Purpose: Less than 10% of heart failure patients in the UK participate in cardiac rehabilitation programmes. The present pilot study evaluated feasibility, acceptability and physiological effects of a novel, personalised, home-based physical activity intervention in chronic heart failure. Methods: Twenty patients (68±7 years old, 20% females) with stable chronic heart failure due to reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (31±8 %) participated in a single group, pilot study assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week personalised home-based physical activity intervention aiming to increase daily number of steps by 2000 from baseline (Active-at-Home-HF). Patients completed cardiopulmonary exercise testing with non-invasive gas exchange and haemodynamic measurements and quality of life questionnaire pre- and post-intervention. Patients were supported weekly via telephone and average weekly step count data collected using pedometers. Results: 43 patients were screened and 20 recruited into the study. Seventeen patients (85%) completed the intervention, and 15 (75%) achieved the target step count. Average step count per day increased significantly from baseline to 3 weeks by 2546 (5108±3064 to 7654±3849 P=0.03, n=17), and was maintained until week 12 (9022±3942). Following completion of the intervention, no adverse events were recorded, quality of life improved by 4 points (26±18 vs. 22±19). Peak exercise stroke volume increased by 19% (127±34 vs 151±34 m/beat, P=0.05), while cardiac index increased by 12% (6.8±1.5 vs. 7.6±2.0 L/min/m2, P=0.19). Workload and oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold also increased by 16% (49±16 vs. 59±14 watts, P=0.01) and 10% (11.5±2.9 vs. 12.8±2.2 ml/kg/min, P=0.39). Conclusion: The Active-at-Home-HF intervention is feasible, acceptable and effective for increasing physical activity in CHF. It may lead to improvements in quality of life, exercise tolerance and haemodynamic function