Rugby feminino em Portugal: que motivações e barreiras para a prática da modalidade?

Atualmente, é de consenso que a prática desportiva tem imensas vantagens tanto a nível físico como psicológico. Contudo, ao longo do tempo, as atletas deparam-se com algumas barreiras à prática desportiva. Nesse sentido, no presente estudo foi-se ao encontro desta realidade - a reduzida, embora crescente, adesão feminina ao desporto, e em particular ao Rugby, para se perceber quais as motivações e as barreiras destas para a prática.O presente estudo teve por objetivo principal verificar quais os motivos e regulações motivacionais que contribuem para o início e manutenção da prática de rugby por atletas do sexo feminino em Portugal baseando-se na Teoria da Autodeterminação (Ryan & Deci, 2017).A amostra foi constituída por 120 atletas de 15 equipas nacionais que jogam Rugby, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 48 anos de idade (̅= 19.32 ± 6.42), sendo utilizado um questionário individual com quatro grupos de questões: (1) questões sociodemográficas, (2) questões abertas sobre as opiniões acerca do rugby (3) o instrumento Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire na sua adaptação portuguesa (Monteiro et al., 2018), que avalia as regulações motivacionais, e (4) o instrumento Basic Need Satisfaction in Exercise Scale na sua adaptação portuguesa (Monteiro et al., 2016), que recolhe dados acerca da satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas. Foram também realizados grupos de discussão focalizada com atletas de algumas das equipas.A análise dos resultados revelou que as atletas apresentavam elevados níveis de satisfação das Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas e níveis maiores de motivação autónoma comparativamente à motivação controlada. Relativamente aos motivos para a prática, verificou-se que as atletas iniciaram principalmente por convites de terceiros para experimentar a modalidade, seguindo-se a influência familiar e por último a divulgação. Quanto à sua manutenção, as atletas responderam que praticam por prazer, seguindo-se das vantagens a nível de relacionamento interpessoal. As características da modalidade, incluindo o contacto, foram apontadas também como um aspeto positivo muito citado. Assim, de uma forma geral verificamos que as atletas de Rugby em Portugal, ainda que se deparem com algumas barreiras ao inicio e manutenção na prática, muitas vezes relacionadas ao nível de organização, as atletas apresentam valores elevados de motivação autónoma e revelam que as relações interpessoais são um motivo importante tanto para o início como para a manutenção na prática.Nowadays, it is a consensus that sports practice has immense advantages both at physical and psychological level. However, over time, athletes face some barriers to sports practice. In this sense, in the present study was the meeting of this reality - the reduced, albeit growing, female adherence to sport, and in particular to Rugby to understand the motivations of these for practice. The main objective of this study was to verify the motives and motivational adjustments that contribute to the initiation and maintenance of rugby practice by female athletes in Portugal based on the self-Determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2017).The sample consisted of 120 athletes from 15 national teams playing Rugby, aged between 12 and 48 years of age (̅= 19.32 ± 6.42), using an individual questionnaire with four groups of questions: (1) questions Sociodemographic, (2) Open questions about the opinions about Rugby (3) the instrument Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire in its Portuguese adaptation (Monteiro et al., 2018), which evaluates the motivational adjustments, and (4) the Basic Need Satisfaction in Exercise Scale in its Portuguese adaptation (Monteiro et al., 2016), which collects data on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. We also conducted discussion groups focused on athletes from some of the teams.The data analysis revealed that the athletes had high levels of satisfaction of the NPB and higher levels of autonomous motivation compared to the controlled motivation. Regarding the reasons for the practice, it was found that the athletes started mainly by invitations from third parties to experience the modality, followed by the family influence and finally the disclosure. As for their maintenance, the athletes responded that they practiced for pleasure, following the advantages at the level of interpersonal relationships. The characteristics of the modality, including the contact, were also pointed out as a positive aspect cited above.Thus, in general, we found that Rugby athletes in Portugal, although they face some barriers to the beginning and maintenance in practice (often related to the level of organization), the athletes present high values of autonomous motivation and reveal that interpersonal relationships are an important reason for both the beginning and the maintenance in practice

Determined and declared centesimal composition of frozen cheese breads of different brands.

O pão de queijo é um produto que apresenta ótima aceitação e a venda de massas congeladas promove maior praticidade e disseminação do produto. O presente estudo visou determinar a composição centesimal e comparar com os teores de macronutrientes e valor calórico contidos nos rótulos de pães de queijo congelados. Foram analisados pães provenientes de 6 marcas. A umidade foi determinada até obtenção de peso constante em estufa a 105 °C e o teor de cinzas após calcinação das amostras em mufla a 550 °C. O teor de lipídios foi obtido por extração a frio e a concentração de proteínas pelo método Micro-Kjeldahl. Os carboidratos foram calculados por diferença e o valor calórico total de acordo com os fatores de conversão de Atwater. Os pães de queijo analisados apresentaram elevada umidade e teores de cinzas condizentes com o relatado na literatura. Em relação aos macronutrientes, destacaram-se os carboidratos e lipídeos. Conforme os dados obtidos, pode-se caracterizar o pão de queijo como um produto de elevado valor calórico. Apesar da discordância entre os resultados determinados e os declarados, essa comparação deve ser feita com cautela devido à ausência de informações sobre os métodos utilizados na determinação dos constituintes dos rótulos.Cheese bread is a product that presents great acceptance and the sale of frozen pastas promotes greater convenience and product dissemination. The current study aimed to determine the centesimal composition and to compare with the macronutrient and caloric content contained in the labels of frozen cheese loaves. Breads from 6 brands were analyzed. The moisture was determined until constant oven weight at 105 ° C and the ash content after calcination of the samples in muffle at 550 ° C. The lipid content was obtained by cold extraction and protein concentration by Micro-Kjeldahl method. Carbohydrates were calculated by difference and the total caloric value according to the Atwater conversion factors. The cheese breads analyzed presented high humidity and ash content consistent with that reported in the literature. In relation to the macronutrients, the carbohydrates and lipids were highlighted. According to the data obtained, it is possible to characterize cheese bread as a product of high calorific value. Despite the discrepancy between the results determined and those declared, this comparison should be made with caution because of the lack of information on the methods used to determine the constituents of the labels

OCULAR ROSACEA – BLEPHARITIS UNCOMMON IN CHILDREN

Rosácea é uma doença de etiologia desconhecida que envolve tanto a pele como o olho. Há uma alta frequência de manifestações oculares nos pacientes com rosácea, sendo os sinais e sintomas relacionados com a disfunção das glândulas de Meibomius as principais manifestações. Relatamos um caso de uma criança do sexo mas- culino com blefarite unilateral. Devido à lesão ser recorrente, de início na infância, o paciente apresentar exames la- boratoriais normais e ausência de lesões na área facial central, a biópsia foi necessária para o diagnóstico. O exame histopatológico revelou acantose, dilatação dos capilares e vênulas na derme papilar e reticular, infiltrado linfocitário perivascular e intersticial. Este caso ilustra um achado sutil de rosácea que pode ser extremamente importante para o diagnóstico precoce e acompanhamento. PALAVRAS-CHAVE – Acne rosácea; Doenças das palpebras; Glândulas meibomianas; Blefarite; Criança. Rosacea is a disease of unknown etiology which affects both the skin and the eye. There is high rate of ocular manifestations in patients with rosacea, whose signs and symptoms are related to the dysfunction of Meibomius glands. We report a case of a male child with unilateral blepharitis. Due to the injury is recurrent, childhood-onset, the patient had normal laboratory tests and in the absence of central facial lesions, biopsy was required for diagnosis. His- topathological examination revealed acanthosis, dilated capillaries and venules in the papillary and reticular dermis, perivascular and interstitial lymphocytic infiltrate. This case illustrates a subtle finding that rosacea can be extremely important for early diagnosis and monitoring. KEYWORDS – Rosacea; Eyelid diseases; Meibomian glands; Blepharitis; Child.

Maturational stages: comparison of growth and physical capacity indicators in adolescents

Introduction: The identification of physical capacity is an important marker related to healthy behavior during childhood and adolescence, in which some factors appear to contribute to motor performance such as maturation and hormonal levels. Objective: To compare growth indicators, physical capacity and hormonal markers according to gender and maturational stage in adolescents. Methods: Eighty-nine adolescents of both genders aged 10-13 years participated in the study. Sexual maturation was evaluated using the Tanner’s self-evaluation method. Physical capacity (explosive strength of upper and lower limbs, upper limb velocity and agility) and hormonal markers (testosterone and estradiol) were evaluated through the chemiluminescence method. Results: In the comparison by gender, girls had higher weight (p = 0.023), height (p = 0.018) and fat percentage values (p = 0.001), while boys presented better motor performance for the explosive strength of upper limbs (p = 0.005) and lower limbs (p = 0.011), agility (0.018) and upper limb velocity (p = 0.014). Regarding maturational stage, boys did not present differences in any variable analyzed; (Stage V versus I), height (stage III, IV and V versus I) and upper limb explosive strength (stage III and IV versus I). Conclusion: Growth, weight and height, as well as explosive strength of upper limbs were higher in girls at more advanced maturational stages and appear to be gender dependent

Heme-Induced ROS in Trypanosoma Cruzi Activates CaMKII-Like That Triggers Epimastigote Proliferation. One Helpful Effect of ROS

Heme is a ubiquitous molecule that has a number of physiological roles. The toxic effects of this molecule have been demonstrated in various models, based on both its pro-oxidant nature and through a detergent mechanism. It is estimated that about 10 mM of heme is released during blood digestion in the blood-sucking bug's midgut. The parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease, proliferates in the midgut of the insect vector; however, heme metabolism in trypanosomatids remains to be elucidated. Here we provide a mechanistic explanation for the proliferative effects of heme on trypanosomatids. Heme, but not other porphyrins, induced T. cruzi proliferation, and this phenomenon was accompanied by a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in epimastigotes when monitored by ROS-sensitive fluorescent probes. Heme-induced ROS production was time-and concentration-dependent. In addition, lipid peroxidation and the formation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) adducts with parasite proteins were increased in epimastigotes in the presence of heme. Conversely, the antioxidants urate and GSH reversed the heme-induced ROS. Urate also decreased parasite proliferation. Among several protein kinase inhibitors tested only specific inhibitors of CaMKII, KN93 and Myr-AIP, were able to abolish heme-induced ROS formation in epimastigotes leading to parasite growth impairment. Taken together, these data provide new insight into T. cruzi- insect vector interactions: heme, a molecule from the blood digestion, triggers epimastigote proliferation through a redox-sensitive signalling mechanism

SWEET'S SYNDROME - CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF HOW TO INVESTIGATE AND TREAT

Introdução: A sindrome de Sweet é uma dermatose neutrofílica que apresenta lesões cutâneas agudas na forma de placas e nódulos eritemato edematosos. Outras alterações como febre, leucocitose periférica, artralgia, mialgia, cefaléia, acometimento ocular, oral e de órgãos internos podem ocorrer. O objetivo deste trabalho é discu- tir o quadro clínico, critérios diagnósticos, abordagem investigativa e possíveis tratamentos para esta enfermidade. Caso Clínico: Paciente, sexo feminino, 45 anos, branca, com sindrome de Sweet idiopática tratada com glicocorti- cóides. Ao exame, apresentava placas eritematosas, edematosas com pseudovesiculação na face, tronco, membros superiores e inferiores. O exame histopatológico mostrou intenso edema, infiltrado de neutrófilos, leucocitoclasia e extravasamento de hemácias na derme superior. Discussão: A sindrome de Sweet pode estar relacionada ao uso de medicamentos, gestação, inflamações, infecções e malignidades. As neoplasias mais frequentemente associadas são as hematológicas, em especial a leucemia mielóide aguda. Apesar de os glicocorticóides serem tratamentos de elei- ção na sindrome de Sweet, existem outras alternativas terapêuticas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE – Síndrome de Sweet; Síndrome paraneoplásica; Dermatose neutrofílica. Introduction: Sweet’s syndrome is a neutrophilic dermatosis with acute cutaneous lesions as erythematous edematous plaques and nodules. Other alterations include fever, peripheral leukocytosis, arthralgia, myalgia, cephalea and ophthalmic, oral cavity and internal organs involvement. The purpose of this article is to discuss the clinical condition of the patient, as well as the diagnostic criteria, the approach used to investigate possible associated condi- tions and the different forms of treatment. Case Report: It is about a 45-year old white woman with idiopathic Sweet’s syndrome treated with glucocorticoids. Physical examination revealed erythematous and edematous plaques with pseu- dovesicular appearance on the face, trunk, upper and lower limbs. Histopathology revealed edema, dense neutrophilic infiltrate, leukocytoclasia and extravasation of erythrocytes in the upper dermis.Discussion: Sweet’s syndrome it might be related to the use of medication, pregnancy, inflammation, infection or malignancy. The most commonly associated neoplasias consist of hematological malignancies, particularly acute myeloid leukemia. Although glucocorticoids cons- titute the treatment of choice for Sweet’s syndrome, other therapeutic options exist.KEYWORDS – Sweet syndrome; Paraneoplastic syndromes; Skin diseases.