Electrophysiological Low-Frequency Coherence and Cross-Frequency Coupling Contribute to BOLD Connectivity

SummaryBrain networks are commonly defined using correlations between blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in different brain areas. Although evidence suggests that gamma-band (30–100 Hz) neural activity contributes to local BOLD signals, the neural basis of interareal BOLD correlations is unclear. We first defined a visual network in monkeys based on converging evidence from interareal BOLD correlations during a fixation task, task-free state, and anesthesia, and then simultaneously recorded local field potentials (LFPs) from the same four network areas in the task-free state. Low-frequency oscillations (<20 Hz), and not gamma activity, predominantly contributed to interareal BOLD correlations. The low-frequency oscillations also influenced local processing by modulating gamma activity within individual areas. We suggest that such cross-frequency coupling links local BOLD signals to BOLD correlations across distributed networks

The Grizzly, April 21, 1997

Dr. Martha Groom to Speak on Communities and Ecosystems • Summer Research Fellows Announced • Housing Changes • Debate on Quality of Majors • Opinion: To Students With Constructive Criticism, Write On!; One\u27s Right to Life and Death; Membership has its Privileges; Operation Understanding; More Money = Better Education? • Final Exam Schedule • Collegeville Headstart Benefits from Bears Game Haircuts • Softball Sweeps Western Maryland • Women\u27s Lacrosse Wins Two in Conference • Baseball Swept • Golf Team Sets New Course Records • Women\u27s Tennis at 3-3https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1403/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 1, 1997

Berman Museum Exhibit Features Work of Sidney Quinn • Pfahler Renovations Continue • New Economics Faculty Introduced • Two Faculty Additions in English • Works From the New English Faculty • Opinion: Sculpture Cheesed; Conspiracy Theories, the Media, and Open-Minded Inquiry; A Quick Lesson in EcBa 100; The Things You Might Not Know About Ursinus • Domenick Scudera Directs proTheater\u27s Fall Production of Brecht on Brecht • Biloxi Blues: At Ease and in Top Form • Despite Shaky Start, Guenther\u27s Bears Optimistic • Women\u27s Soccer on a Roll • Men\u27s Soccer off to a Slow Starthttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1405/thumbnail.jp

Conserved Subcortical and Divergent Cortical Expression of Proteins Encoded by Orthologs of the Autism Risk Gene MET

Met receptor tyrosine kinase signaling regulates the growth and development of axons and may contribute to the wiring of cortical and limbic circuits in the rodent forebrain. Whether the orthologous MET receptor functions similarly in the developing primate forebrain is not known but is of considerable interest considering the association of variant MET alleles with social and communication phenotypes in autism. To begin addressing this question, we compared Met/MET protein expression in the developing mouse and rhesus macaque forebrain. There was a strong temporal conservation of expression during the time of rapid axon development and the onset of robust synapse formation. Expression patterns of Met/MET in limbic-related structures were almost identical between species. In marked contrast, there was highly divergent expression in the neocortex. In mouse, Met was broadly distributed throughout neocortex. In the macaque, robust MET expression was largely restricted to the posterior cingulate, inferior temporal, posterior parietal, and visual cortices, including face processing regions. The pattern is consistent with the importance of vision in the social repertoire of the primate. Collectively, these data suggest a conserved developmental function of the MET receptor in wiring together limbic and neocortical circuits that facilitate species-appropriate responses, including social behavior

A patient with glycogen storage disease type Ib presenting with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) bearing monosomy 7 and translocation t(3;8)(q26;q24) after 14 years of treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): A case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Glycogen storage disease type Ib is an autosomal recessive transmitted disorder of glycogen metabolism caused by mutations in the glucose-6-phosphate translocase gene on chromosome 11q23 and leads to disturbed glycogenolysis as well as gluconeogenesis. Besides hepatomegaly, growth retardation, hypoglycemia, hyperlactatemia, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia, patients suffer from neutropenia associated with functional defects predisposing for severe infections. In order to attenuate these complications, long-term treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is common but this is associated with an increased risk for acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes in patients with inherited bone marrow failures such as severe congenital neutropenia. Onset of these myeloid malignancies is linked to cytogenetic aberrations involving chromosome 7. In addition, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is known to stimulate proliferation of monosomy 7 cells <it>in vitro</it>. To our knowledge, we report for the first time a case report of a patient with glycogen storage disease type Ib, who developed acute myeloid leukemia with a classical monosomy 7 and acute myeloid leukemia-associated translocation t(3;8)(q26;q24) after 14 years of continuous treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 28-year-old Turkish man with glycogen storage disease type Ib was admitted to our department because of dyspnea and increasing fatigue. He also presented with gum bleeding, bone pain in his legs, night sweats, recurrent episodes of fever with temperatures up to 39°C and hepatosplenomegaly.</p> <p>A blood count taken on the day of admission showed pancytopenia and a differential count displayed 30% blasts. A bone marrow biopsy was taken which showed a hypercellular marrow with dysplastic features of all three cell lines, while blast count was 20%. Classical cytogenetic analyses as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization showed a monosomy 7 with a translocation t(3;8)(q26;q24). Based on these findings, the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia was made.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our observations suggest that bone marrow examinations including cytogenetic analysis should be carried out on a regular basis in patients with glycogen storage disease type Ib who are on long-term treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for severe neutropenia, since this treatment might also contribute to an increased risk for acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes.</p

The Grizzly, April 28, 1997

Student Art Exhibit Opens at Berman • Student Research Conference Held at Ursinus • Spirit Week at Ursinus • Opinion: Some Final Thoughts; More Inaccuracies Uncovered; The Ceremony of Innocence; Is Servitude the American Way? • Letter: SERV Denied Drill • Letters from Great Britain • Understanding One Another: Students to Present Projects on Identity and Diversity • Medieval Sports Fest Celebrates Tenth Year • Spring Service Success • A World of Learning at Musser and Beyond • Softball Splits Doubleheader • Golf Team Wins Four Matches • Women\u27s Tennis Jumps Record to 5-3 • Women\u27s Lacrosse Downs Haverford • Baseball Team Pounded by College of New Jerseyhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1404/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 24, 1997

Alternative Spring Break Unites Students, Charity • Author Ntozake Shange Reads, Lectures in Olin • New Chair of Campus Ministries Committee • Wicks House to Open in Fall • Ursinus is Ranked Among Best Science Schools • Opinion: Some Advice to Mr. Leahy; All Good Things; Liberal Arts Education Part II, Awareness Weeks; Letters from Great Britain; Let\u27s Get it Straight; A Tree or not a Tree, That is the Question • Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blur • The Tempest: Wayfaring Weather • Lady Bears Lose ECAC Championship • Baseball Starts Season at 4-7 Pace • Women\u27s Lacrosse Wins Year\u27s First Contest • Men\u27s Tennis Falls to Moravian • Rhodenbaugh and Minnich Honored as SAAC Chairs • Softball Off to 10-4 Start • Torsone an All-American • Gymnastics Team Places 8th at Nationals • Women\u27s Tennis Wins • USA Wrestling Lineup Announcedhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1400/thumbnail.jp

The Lantern Vol. 62, No. 1, December 1994

• Hollow • A Little Knowledge is Dangerous • My Old Block • Life • The Natural Born Fool • Oracle • Formation of a Triangle • Marie on the Beach • The Tweed Derby • Tripping • In Vitro • The Character • Coming Home for Christmas • Unkempt • Too Much • Reimertanti-Ode • Seeds • Secrethttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1145/thumbnail.jp

Structure determination of biogenic crystals directly from 3D electron diffraction data

Highly reflective assemblies of purine, pteridine, and flavin crystals are used in the coloration and visual systems of many different animals. However, structure determination of biogenic crystals by single-crystal XRD is challenging due to the submicrometer size and beam sensitivity of the crystals, and powder XRD is inhibited due to the small volumes of powders, crystalline impurity phases, and significant preferred orientation. Consequently, the crystal structures of many biogenic materials remain unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that the 3D electron diffraction (3D ED) technique provides a powerful alternative approach, reporting the successful structure determination of biogenic guanine crystals (from spider integument, fish scales, and scallop eyes) from 3D ED data confirmed by analysis of powder XRD data. The results show that all biogenic guanine crystals studied are the previously known β-polymorph. This study highlights the considerable potential of 3D ED for elucidating the structures of biogenic molecular crystals in the nanometer-to-micrometer size range. This opens up an important opportunity in the development of organic biomineralization, for which structural knowledge is critical for understanding the optical functions of biogenic materials and their possible applications as sustainable, biocompatible optical materials