ABSCESSO DE PSOAS SIMULANDO MASSA ANEXIAL: RELATO DE CASO

O abscesso de iliopsoas é uma condição rara.  Suas características clínicas inespecíficas podem levar a atrasos no diagnóstico. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 37 anos com indicação de cirurgia para massa anexial que, durante o ato operatório, pela ausência de tumor abdominal, descobriu tratar-se de abscesso de iliopsoas. O achado de níveis elevados de CA 19-9, isoladamente, resultou em outras hipóteses diagnósticas, sugerindo que a adoção de outros exames de imagem poderia ter auxiliado no diagnóstico mais rapidamente.PSOAS ABSCESS SIMULATING ADNEXAL MASS: CASE REPORTABSTRACTIliopsoas abscess is a rare condition. Its nonspecific clinical characteristics can lead to diagnostic delays. It is a case report: A 37-year-old patient presented for surgery with an adnexal mass. However, during the procedure, it was found to be an iliopsoas abscess rather due to the absence of an abdominal tumor. The finding of high CA 19-9 levels should result in other diagnostic hypotheses, and the analysis of other imaging tests could have aided the diagnosis

Differences in HPV infection and HPV-related lesions between the cervix and anus in hiv-positive women

Introduction: the prevalence of cervical and anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is high. However, little is known about the differences in the susceptibility of these infections and related lesions. The aim of this study was to describe the association between the prevalence of cervical and anal HPV infection and HPV-related lesions in HIV-positive women. Methods: this study included 88 HIV-positive women attending an outpatient clinic in a university hospital. Ectocervical, endocervical, and anal samples were collected for colpocytology and anal cytology. A polymerase chain reaction-based technique was used to detect HPV deoxyribonucleic acid in endocervical and anal swab samples. Results: the cervical and anal HPV positivity rates were 35.21% and 78.8%, respectively. The presence of HPV-related lesions on colpocytology was associated with anal HPV positivity (P = 0.027). The ratio between cervical HPV infection and cervical HPV-related lesions was 2.5. The ratio between anal HPV infection and anal HPV-related lesions was 4.3. Overall, 30% had concomitant HPV DNA in the cervix and anus. Conclusion: there are differences in the susceptibility of infections and related lesions between the cervix and anus. Despite a higher incidence of anal HPV, the progression to HPV-related lesion does not occur via the same manner in the cervix and anus. Moreover, cervical HPV-related lesions in HIV-positive women may serve as a cue for anal preventive strategies, and further investigations in these women may be useful.

Are Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Ideal Candidates for Oocyte Donation?

Background. The use of donated oocytes for in vitro fertilization treatment in patients with ovarian failure is universally recognized. But would patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) be a good choice for egg donation programs? Objective. Comparing the pregnancy rates of egg receptors from donor patients diagnosed with PCOS to receptors from donors without PCOS. Design. Retrospective cohort study. Methods. A total of 234 patients who had undergone egg reception program were separated into two groups: Group I, receptors from PCOS donors ( = 36); Group II, receptors from donors without PCOS ( = 198). Medical records were reviewed and the fertilization, implantation, and pregnancy rates were calculated. Results. PCOS patients had an average of 3.23 more oocytes retrieved, but there were no differences in the number of mature oocytes that were used for donation between the groups. We also observed that the number of transferred embryos was also not significantly different, as well as the fertilization and implantation rates. The clinical pregnancy rates were not significantly different: 28% and 26% in Group I and Group II, respectively. Conclusions. Women with PCOS should not be excluded from egg donation programs

Reprodutibilidade Técnica do Cálculo do Volume Vaginal - Um Estudo Piloto

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a reprodutibilidade de uma técnica de mensuração do volume vaginal. Métodos: A mensuração do volume vaginal foi realizada com espéculo, pinça Cheron, fita métrica e escova cervical em trinta e uma mulheres do ambulatório de patologia cervical de um hospital público terciário do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A partir dos diâmetros ântero-posterior e lateral e do comprimento do canal vaginal (em cm), foi calculado o volume vaginal (em cm3). A análise estatística foi realizada com o software R Statistical Software versão 3.6.2. Resultados: Não houve correlação entre volume vaginal e paridade, índice de massa corporal, frequência sexual ou cor da pele. Houve variabilidade no volume vaginal entre as diferentes mulheres; no entanto, houve pouca variação de volume entre a mesma mulher que realizou medições em diferentes consultas (ICC 0,96; IC 95%) e por diferentes examinadores (ICC 0,98; IC 95%). Conclusão: A técnica apresentou reprodutibilidade inter e intra-examinadores

Grau de aderência após ressecção parcial e reconstituição do ovário

Objetivo: comparar o grau de aderências no ovário de acordo com diferentes tipos de fechamento do córtex ovariano. Métodos: quinze coelhos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos, de acordo com o tipo de fechamento do córtex ovariano, sendo utilizados a diatermia bipolar, a poliglactina 910 5-0 e o categute simples 5-0. Após 2 semanas os animais foram sacrificados e o grau de aderências do ovário direito foi avaliado segundo a classificação de Diamond. O ovário esquerdo, não incisado, serviu de controle. Na análise estatística foram empregados a análise de variância (ANOVA), o teste de Scheffé e o teste t de Student. Resultados: as médias dos escores de aderência para o grupo bipolar, poliglactina e categute simples foram 0,7, 1,5 e 2,0, respectivamente. A análise de variância detectou diferença significativa (p=0,02) entre os três grupos. Usando-se o teste de Scheffé para a comparação dos grupos dois a dois, encontrou-se uma diferença significativa apenas entre o grupo bipolar e o grupo do categute simples. Comparando-se o grupo em que se usaram suturas (independente do material empregado) com o grupo bipolar verificou-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,01) entre as médias dos escores de aderência do ovário direito (1,8 e 0,7, respectivamente). Conclusões: os resultados obtidos no presente estudo estão de acordo com os dados da literatura, indicando que o fechamento por segunda intenção do córtex ovariano é mais vantajoso, em relação à formação de aderências, que o fechamento com o uso de suturas

How to Use CA-125 More Effectively in the Diagnosis of Deep Endometriosis

Deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) is a severe form of the disease. The median time interval from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis of endometriosis is around 8 years. In this prospective study patients were divided into two groups: cases (34 DIE patients) and control (20 tubal ligation patients). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of CA-125 measurement in the menstrual and midcycle phases of the cycle, as well as the difference in its levels between the two phases, for the early diagnosis of DIE. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of CA-125 in menstrual phase and of the difference between menstrual and midcycle phases had the best performance (both with AUC = 0.96), followed by CA-125 in the midcycle (AUC = 0.89). The ratio between menstrual and midcycle phases had the worst performance. CA-125 may be useful for the diagnosis of deep endometriosis, especially when both are collected during menstruation and in midcycle. These may help to decrease the long interval until the definitive diagnosis of DIE. Multicentric studies with larger samples should be performed to better evaluate the cost-effectiveness of measuring CA-125 in two different phases of the menstrual cycle

Validation of hysteroscopic view in cases of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To validate hysteroscopic view with histology in cases of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB)DESIGN: Retrospective study.(Canadian Task Force classification II-3).SETTING: University teaching hospitals in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, and private office in Rio de Janeiro.PATIENTS: Four thousand and fifty-four patients with AUB in whom hysteroscopic views were complete and the histologic result was conclusive.INTERVENTION: Four thousand and fifty-four office hysteroscopies with complete views and conclusive histologic results. The material for histologic examination was obtained through biopsy of the lesion in an outpatient unit or through the resection of the entire lesion in patients who underwent surgery. Histology was considered the gold standard and compared with the hysteroscopic view.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In the histology of the 4054 examinations, 613 (15.2%) were endometrial hyperplasia, and 105 (2.6%) were endometrial cancer. The most frequent hysteroscopic finding was endometrial polyps (31.2%). In endometrial hyperplasia, the sensitivity of the hysteroscopic view was 56.3% (95% CI 52.21-60.2%), specificity was 89.1% (95% CI 88.0%-90.1%), positive predictive value (PPV) was 48.0% (95% CI 44.3%-51.7%), negative predictive value (NPV) was 92.0% (95% Cl 90.1%-92.9%), and accuracy was 72.7% (95% CI 70.7%-74.7%). Accuracy was defined as the proportion of correct results among the hysteroscopic examinations. In endometrial cancer, the sensitivity of the hysteroscopic view was 80.0% (95% Cl 71.1%-87.2%), specificity was 99.5% (95% CI 99.2%-99.7%), PPV was 81.5% (95% Cl 72.7%-88.5%), NPV was 99.5% (95% CI 99.2%-99.7%), and accuracy was 89.8% (95% CI, 85.9%-93.6%). In the 814 patients (20.0%) in whom the hysteroscopic view was normal, there were no false negatives for endometrial cancer; however, there were 37 (4.5%) false negatives for endometrial hyperplasia. In the histologic cases of endometrial cancer, 101 (96.2%) hysteroscopic views were compatible with cancer or hyperplasia (80.0% and 16.2%, respectively). Ninety-seven out of 103 hysteroscopic views with cancer findings (94.2%) had histologic diagnosis of cancer or hyperplasia (81.5% and 12.6%, respectively).CONCLUSION: It seems that even in face of good validity of hysteroscopic view for endometrial hyperplasia and cancer, histologic study is mandatory in the presence of any lesion as the hysteroscopic view cannot completely replace the histologic study in patients with AUB. (C) 2006 AAGL. All rights reserved

Prevalence of hysteroscopic findings and histologic diagnoses in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding

Objective: To describe the prevalence of hysteroscopic findings and histologic diagnoses inpatients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).Design: Retrospective series of consecutive patients.Setting: Tertiary care University hospital and private office.Patient(s): Four thousand fifty-four hysteroscopies with biopsy in patients with AUB evaluated between June 1993 and December 2004.Intervention(S): Hysteroscopies were performed using 2.9-mm or 4-mm telescopes with CO2 or saline as the distension media. Biopsies were (lone with a 5-mm grasper or with a Novak's curette.Main Outcome Measure(s): Prevalence of hysteroscopic findings and histologic analysis of biopsies.Result(S): Endometrial polyp was the most frequent hysteroscopic finding, accounting for 1,374 (33.9%) cases. Normal uterine cavity and cervical canal were found in 814 (20.1%) patients. Submucous fibroids were diagnosed in 302 (7.5%) women. Normal endometrium was the most frequent histologic diagnosis, accounting for 1,888 (46.6%) cases. Endometrial polyp was found in 1, 115 (27.5%) patients. Endometrial hyperplasia was diagnosed in 613 (15.1%) and endometrial cancer in 105 (2.6%) women.Conclusion(s): Endometrial polyps are the most frequent hysteroscopic findings in patients with AUB, whereas normal endometrium is the most frequent histologic diagnosis