Determination of profile of chlorophyll compounds in microalgae species / Determinação do perfil de compostos de clorofila em espécies de microalgas

Dentre as especialidades químicas subexploradas em microalgas, o perfil das clorofilas em diferentes espécies (Chlorella vulgaris e Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli) foi caracterizado em detalhes como o objetivo principal deste estudo. A composição das clorofilas e derivados foi determinada por HPLC-PDA-MS (APCI +). Os padrões de fragmentação característicos permitiram identificar oito compostos de clorofila diferentes. Compostos de relevância como espécies de clorofila a, clorofila b, moléculas derivadas de reações de feofitinização, epimerização e hidroxilação estiveram presentes nas espécies de microalgas. Valores substanciais de 10.734,19 e 9.121,89 ?g.g-1 de peso seco foram obtidos para C. vulgaris e A. microscopica Nägeli, respectivamente. Assim, a abordagem deste estudo contribui de forma significativa para bancos de dados de composição em constituintes bioativos das espécies avaliadas. Além disso, fornecem informações que elevam a importância desses microrganismos como alternativa para obtenção de componentes de alimentos, enfatizando-os como fontes para atender as necessidades emergentes do mercado de compostos naturais. 

Signal Transmission Across Tile Assemblies: 3D Static Tiles Simulate Active Self-Assembly by 2D Signal-Passing Tiles

The 2-Handed Assembly Model (2HAM) is a tile-based self-assembly model in which, typically beginning from single tiles, arbitrarily large aggregations of static tiles combine in pairs to form structures. The Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM) is an extension of the 2HAM in which the tiles are dynamically changing components which are able to alter their binding domains as they bind together. For our first result, we demonstrate useful techniques and transformations for converting an arbitrarily complex STAM$^+$ tile set into an STAM$^+$ tile set where every tile has a constant, low amount of complexity, in terms of the number and types of ``signals'' they can send, with a trade off in scale factor. Using these simplifications, we prove that for each temperature $\tau>1$ there exists a 3D tile set in the 2HAM which is intrinsically universal for the class of all 2D STAM$^+$ systems at temperature $\tau$ (where the STAM$^+$ does not make use of the STAM's power of glue deactivation and assembly breaking, as the tile components of the 2HAM are static and unable to change or break bonds). This means that there is a single tile set $U$ in the 3D 2HAM which can, for an arbitrarily complex STAM$^+$ system $S$, be configured with a single input configuration which causes $U$ to exactly simulate $S$ at a scale factor dependent upon $S$. Furthermore, this simulation uses only two planes of the third dimension. This implies that there exists a 3D tile set at temperature $2$ in the 2HAM which is intrinsically universal for the class of all 2D STAM$^+$ systems at temperature $1$. Moreover, we show that for each temperature $\tau>1$ there exists an STAM$^+$ tile set which is intrinsically universal for the class of all 2D STAM$^+$ systems at temperature $\tau$, including the case where $\tau = 1$.Comment: A condensed version of this paper will appear in a special issue of Natural Computing for papers from DNA 19. This full version contains proofs not seen in the published versio

Carotenoids profile of Desertifilum spp. in mixotrophic conditions / Perfil de carotenoides de Desertifilum spp. em condições mixotróficas

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e quantificar os carotenoides presentes na biomassa da microalga Desertifilum spp. cultivada em condições mixotróficas, bem como comparar a concentração dos carotenoides majoritários com outros métodos de cultivo, visando a produção desses compostos para fins industriais. O perfil de carotenoides foi avaliado por cromatografia líquida de alta performance acoplada a uma matriz de fotodiodos e detectores de espectrometria de massa. Um total de onze carotenoides foram identificados na biomassa do cultivo mixotrófico (1645.92 ?g·g-1). O all-trans-?-caroteno (338.71 ?g·g-1), all-trans-zeaxantina (269.13 ?g·g-1) e all-trans-equinenona (216.93 ?g·g-1) foram os majoritários. Quanto a produtividade, o cultivo mixotrófico foi 2,3 vezes maior que o cultivo fotoautotrófico (714.3 ?g·g-1) e 9 vezes maior que o cultivo heterotrófico (183.03 ?g·g-1). Os resultados observados mostram que a microalga Desertifilum spp. possui grande potencial para produção de carotenoides, sendo o cultivo mixotrófico aquele que proporciona maior rendimento. 

Extracting actionable knowledge to increase business utility in sport services

The increase in retention of customer in gyms and health clubs is nowadays a challenge that requires concrete and personalized actions. Traditional data mining studies focused essentially on predictive analytics, neglecting the business domain. This work presents an actionable knowledge discovery system which uses the following pipeline (data collection, predictive model, loyalty actions). In the first step, it extracts and transforms existing real data from databases of the sports facilities. In a second step, predictive models are applied to identify user profiles more susceptible to dropout. Actionable rules are generated based on actionable attributes that should be avoided, in order to increase retention. Finally, in the third step, based on the previous actionable knowledge, experimental planning is carried out, with test and control groups, in order to find the best loyalty actions for customer retention. This document presents a simulation and the measure of the business utility of an actions sequence to avoid dropout.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Vulvar myiasis during pregnancy.

Myiasis is a parasitic infestation caused by the larvae of several fly species. Diagnosis and treatment are simple. The location of this infestation at the vulvar area is, however, an extremely rare occurrence. The authors present two cases of vulvar myiasis affecting pregnant women. The first case is a 19-year-old pregnant girl with vulvar myiasis and concomitant syphilis, vaginal trichomoniasis and genital candidiasis. The patient was also HIV-positive. The second case is a 17-year-old pregnant girl with vulvar myiasis associated with extensive vulvar condyloma acuminatum lesions

O Pronaf na Paraíba: uma avaliação quantitativa com enfoque psicossocial.

bitstream/CPAC-2010/30245/1/bolpd-204.pd

Equivalência farmacêutica e bioequivalência de medicamentos: revisando conceitos e qualidade

Introduction: Safety, efficacy and quality of medicines are important for achieving the desired therapeutic effect, especially after 1999 when the Generic Act comes into force. Pharmaceutical equivalence and bioequivalence tests are essential for the production of generic medicines and since they have ensured the efficacy of the medicines compared to the reference medicines. Methods: A review of the literature was carried out from researches of scientific works in PubMed, Scielo and Google Scholar databases, using as keywords: pharmaceutical equivalence and bioequivalence. Development: The importance of pharmaceutical equivalence tests and bioequivalence was reported by the authors, especially when it comes to generic and / or similar drug analyzes. Pharmaceutical equivalence between two drugs is carried out by physical and physical-chemical analysis, indicating the presence of the same active principle, dose, pharmaceutical form, as well as route of administration. However, such testing does not always imply therapeutic equivalence, since differences in the excipients used and the production processes may lead to a change in the action of the drug in the body. For this, the bioequivalence test evaluates the bioavailability of drugs in different drugs, classifying them as bioequivalents when they present equivalent effects after administration of the same dose. Conclusion: The acceptance of generic and similar drugs by the population is still questioned, which may be a reflection of the quality deviations found in bioequivalence tests.Introdução: Segurança, eficácia e qualidade dos medicamentos são importantes para a obtenção do efeito terapêutico desejado, principalmente após 1999 quando entrou em vigor a Lei do Genérico. Os testes de equivalência farmacêutica e bioequivalência são primordiais para a produção de medicamentos genéricos e similares, uma vez que asseguraram a eficácia desses medicamentos comparados aos medicamentos de referência. Métodos: A revisão de literatura foi realizada a partir da busca de trabalhos científicos nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, utilizando as palavras-chave: equivalência farmacêutica e bioequivalência. Desenvolvimento: A importância dos testes de equivalência farmacêutica e bioequivalência foi relatada pelos autores, principalmente quando se trata de análises de medicamentos genéricos e/ou similares. Equivalência farmacêutica entre dois medicamentos é realizada por meio de análises físicas e físico-químicas, indicando a presença do mesmo princípio ativo, dose, forma farmacêutica, bem como, via de administração. No entanto, tal teste nem sempre implica em equivalência terapêutica, uma vez que, divergências quanto aos excipientes utilizados e os processos de produção pode acarretar alteração na ação do fármaco no organismo. Para isso, o teste de bioequivalência avalia a biodisponibilidade dos fármacos em medicamentos diferentes, classificando-os como bioquivalentes quando apresentarem efeitos equivalentes após a administração da mesma dose. Conclusão: A aceitação dos medicamentos genéricos e similares pela população ainda é questionada, o que pode ser reflexo dos desvios de qualidade encontrados em testes de bioequivalência

Interdependent network reciprocity in evolutionary games

Besides the structure of interactions within networks, also the interactions between networks are of the outmost importance. We therefore study the outcome of the public goods game on two interdependent networks that are connected by means of a utility function, which determines how payoffs on both networks jointly influence the success of players in each individual network. We show that an unbiased coupling allows the spontaneous emergence of interdependent network reciprocity, which is capable to maintain healthy levels of public cooperation even in extremely adverse conditions. The mechanism, however, requires simultaneous formation of correlated cooperator clusters on both networks. If this does not emerge or if the coordination process is disturbed, network reciprocity fails, resulting in the total collapse of cooperation. Network interdependence can thus be exploited effectively to promote cooperation past the limits imposed by isolated networks, but only if the coordination between the interdependent networks is not disturbe

Evidences of herbal medicine-derived natural products effects in inflammatory lung diseases

Pulmonary inflammation is a hallmark of many respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute respiratory syndrome distress (ARDS). Most of these diseases are treated with anti-inflammatory therapy in order to prevent or to reduce the pulmonary inflammation. Herbal medicine-derived natural products have been used in folk medicine and scientific studies to evaluate the value of these compounds have grown in recent years. Many substances derived from plants have the biological effects in vitro and in vivo, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. Among the biological activities of natural products derived from plants can be pointed out the anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antiplatelet, antitumor anti-allergic activities, and antioxidant. Although many reports have evaluated the effects of these compounds in experimental models, studies evaluating clinical trials are scarce in the literature. This review aims to emphasize the effects of these different natural products in pulmonary diseases in experimental models and in humans and pointing out some possible mechanisms of action.CNPq [300546/2012-2, 304465/2012-7, 476877/2012-1]FAPESP [2010/14831-3, 2011/15817-7, 2008/55359-5]Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema-SP 09972-270, BrazilSchool of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo-SP 01246903, BrazilInstituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos-SP 11015-020, BrazilInstituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema-SP 09972-270, BrazilInstituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos-SP 11015-020, BrazilCNPq: 300546/2012-2CNPq: 304465/2012-7CNPq: 476877/2012-1FAPESP: 2010/14831-3FAPESP: 2011/15817-7FAPESP: 2008/55359-5Web of Scienc