AUTOMATIC KINEMATIC LINKAGE TRANSMISSION USING OVERDRIVE

In this paper we have tried to explain combined use of lesteran’s concept of automatic transmission and overdrive mechanism. In lesteran’s concept he replaced gearbox with automatic mechanical torque convertor assembly. While overdrive consists of an electrically or hydraulically operated epicycle gear train bolted behind the transmission unit which allows the engine to operate at a lower RPM for a given road speed. This allows the vehicle to achieve better fuel efficiency, and often quieter operation on the highwa

Current-Voltage Characteristics of Long-Channel Nanobundle Thin-Film Transistors: A Bottom-up Perspective

By generalizing the classical linear response theory of stick percolation to nonlinear regime, we find that the drain current of a Nanobundle Thin Film Transistor (NB-TFT) is described under a rather general set of conditions by a universal scaling formula ID = A/LS g(LS/LC, rho_S * LS * LS) f(VG, VD), where A is a technology-specific constant, g is function of geometrical factors like stick length (LS), channel length (LC), and stick density (rho_S) and f is a function of drain (VD) and gate (VG) biasing conditions. This scaling formula implies that the measurement of full I-V characteristics of a single NB-TFT is sufficient to predict the performance characteristics of any other transistor with arbitrary geometrical parameters and biasing conditions

Performance Assessment of Sub-Percolating Nanobundle Network Transistors by an Analytical Model

Nanobundle network transistors (NBTs) have emerged as a viable, higher performance alternative to poly-silicon and organic transistors with possible applications in macroelectronic displays, chemical/biological sensors, and photovoltaics. A simple analytical model for I-V characteristics of NBTs (below the percolation limit) is proposed and validated by numerical simulation and experimental data. The physics-based predictive model provides a simple relation between transistor characteristics and design parameters which can be used for optimization of NBTs. The model provides important insights into the recent experiments on NBT characteristics and electrical purification of nanobundle networks

Conceptual study of diet for different Prakriti

n Ayurveda, concept of Prakriti plays an important role in deciding individuals ahara, vihar, achara and parihara following this leads to healthy life. Today society is conscious and always eager to know about the diet and its nutrition, hence they blindly followed the things which they see in newspaper, TV etc. They think that the particular diet has so many qualities which give them better health. But all the food is not for everyone due to different Prakriti according to Ayurveda and also such type of advertisements are general and especially for marketing. One should know the suitability for particular diet towards their body and than after consuming it. Hence knowledge of Prakriti and diet for different Prakriti is very essential. In present era, to evaluate the role of diet and life style in different constitutions (Prakriti) for achieving the health as well as in the manifestation of diseases and after following them to check the changes taking place in health status, and for health stastusthis particular subject has been selected for the present study.so here diet for different Prakriti is given

Chronic abruption in early second trimester mimicking partial mole - A rare case report

Placental abruption is known as one of the most serious complications in pregnancy with detrimental effect on both the mother and the fetus. The clinical presentation and the ultrasound findings of this condition vary to a large extent as can be depicted from our case report. We report a rare case of a 30-year-old, G3P2L2 at 4 months of gestation, who presented with the complaints of dark altered bleeding along with pain lower abdomen for 1 day. Ultrasound findings were a dead fetus of 19 weeks 2 days with diffusely enlarged placenta with multiple cystic areas suggestive of intrauterine demise with partial mole. This case report is important as chronic placental abruption in the second trimester is rare, and a high index of suspicion is imperative to differentiate it from other conditions such as partial mole

Do Socio-Economic Factors Play a Role in Delayed Presentation of Complicated Chronic Otitis Media (Squamous)?

Introduction The influence of Socioeconomic (SE) status on delayed reporting and consequent complications in cases of Chronic Otitis Media-squamous (COMS) has been investigated. Materials and Methods This prospective observational study included 34 patients with complicated COMS who presented to Otolaryngology Department at a tertiary care teaching hospital between December 2012 and December 2016. The patients were classified into 5 classes namely upper, upper middle, lower middle, upper lower, and lower based on a standardised real-time Kuppuswamy’s SE status scale (KS) taking an average of consumer price indices for Industrial workers over 4 years (Jan ‘12 to Dec ‘16) as 267 and calculating their incomes. Level of education and occupation of the head of the family were the other components of KS which was calculated for each presenting patient. Results Of the 34 patients, 15 were males (44%) and 19 females (56%) with their ages ranging from 18 months to 61 years (Mean-24.1 years, SD-17.3). 15 of the 34 patients (44.1%) were in the Upper-lower SE class as per KS Scale, 13 were in lower-middle class (38.23%), 5 were in Upper-middle class ( 14.70%) and 1 patient belonged to Upper class (2.9%).  Though the literacy levels are integral to KS Scale a differential analysis showed 23 of the 34 patients/guardians had education level poorer or equal to Intermediate high school (67.64%). The time gap between onset of symptoms of COMS and presentation with complications of COMS ranged from 9 months to 8 years with a mean time gap of 3.48 years (SD-2.01). There were 24 Extra-cranial complications and 21 Intra-cranial complications with 10 patients having more than one complications. There was a strong inverse correlation between Time gap and composite KS (-0.51). A differential analysis showed that Time gap most strongly correlated with Education level of the head of the family (-0.615), followed by total family income (-0.403) and occupation of the head of the family (-0.329).  Conclusion There is a strong association between the SE status of the family and the occurrence of complications in COMS that is otherwise highly amenable to successful management. Level of education, nature of employment and family income that constitute KS scale have significant inverse correlation with delayed reporting and consequent complications of COMS. Level of Education is the greatest influence on the time gap

Do Socio-Economic Factors Play a Role in Delayed Presentation of Complicated Chronic Otitis Media (Squamous)?

Introduction The influence of Socioeconomic (SE) status on delayed reporting and consequent complications in cases of Chronic Otitis Media-squamous (COMS) has been investigated. Materials and Methods This prospective observational study included 34 patients with complicated COMS who presented to Otolaryngology Department at a tertiary care teaching hospital between December 2012 and December 2016. The patients were classified into 5 classes namely upper, upper middle, lower middle, upper lower, and lower based on a standardised real-time Kuppuswamy’s SE status scale (KS) taking an average of consumer price indices for Industrial workers over 4 years (Jan ‘12 to Dec ‘16) as 267 and calculating their incomes. Level of education and occupation of the head of the family were the other components of KS which was calculated for each presenting patient. Results Of the 34 patients, 15 were males (44%) and 19 females (56%) with their ages ranging from 18 months to 61 years (Mean-24.1 years, SD-17.3). 15 of the 34 patients (44.1%) were in the Upper-lower SE class as per KS Scale, 13 were in lower-middle class (38.23%), 5 were in Upper-middle class ( 14.70%) and 1 patient belonged to Upper class (2.9%).  Though the literacy levels are integral to KS Scale a differential analysis showed 23 of the 34 patients/guardians had education level poorer or equal to Intermediate high school (67.64%). The time gap between onset of symptoms of COMS and presentation with complications of COMS ranged from 9 months to 8 years with a mean time gap of 3.48 years (SD-2.01). There were 24 Extra-cranial complications and 21 Intra-cranial complications with 10 patients having more than one complications. There was a strong inverse correlation between Time gap and composite KS (-0.51). A differential analysis showed that Time gap most strongly correlated with Education level of the head of the family (-0.615), followed by total family income (-0.403) and occupation of the head of the family (-0.329).  Conclusion There is a strong association between the SE status of the family and the occurrence of complications in COMS that is otherwise highly amenable to successful management. Level of education, nature of employment and family income that constitute KS scale have significant inverse correlation with delayed reporting and consequent complications of COMS. Level of Education is the greatest influence on the time gap

Experimental and theoretical studies of transport through large scale, partially aligned arrays of single-walled carbon nanotubes in thin film type transistors

Gate-modulated transport through partially aligned films of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in thin film type transistor structures are studied experimentally and theoretically. Measurements are reported on SWNTs grown by chemical vapor deposition with systematically varying degrees of alignment and coverage in transistors with a range of channel lengths and orientations perpendicular and parallel to the direction of alignment. A first principles stick-percolation-based transport model provides a simple, yet quantitative framework to interpret the sometimes counterintuitive transport parameters measured in these devices. The results highlight, for example, the dramatic influence of small degrees of SWNT misalignment on transistor performance and imply that coverage and alignment are correlated phenomena and therefore should be simultaneously optimized. The transport characteristics reflect heterogeneity in the underlying anisotropic metal-semiconductor stick-percolating network and cannot be reproduced by classical transport models. © 2007 American Chemical Society