Torque measurement in real time during mixing and kneading of bread dough with high content of resistant maize starch and enzymes

In this work, a methodology to measure torque during dough mixing in large scale was developed and the baking performance of bread dough formulated with resistant starch (RS) and enzymes was evaluated. Dough was formulated with 12.5 g/100 g of RS and 4 mg/100 g of a mixture of enzymes, glucose-oxidase (Gox), tranglutaminase (TG) and xylanase (HE) in proportions according to a three-component mixture design of experiments. Dough was mixed in a large-scale dynamic rheometer measuring instant torque and speed in real time through a personal computer (PC) interface. Maximum torque during mixing and parameters of the dough development curves obtained from rheofermentometer were fit to mathematical models within 95 % of confidence. Gox and TG showed positive effects on the maximum height of dough, while HE showed a negative one. Also, it was found that Gox and TG in the presence of HE could be important for reducing dough weakening.Fil: Altuna, Luz. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Romano, Roberto C. O.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Pileggi, Rafael G.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Ribotta, Pablo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Tadini, Carmen C.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasi

Constituting women’s subjectivity in Cyberspace

This study looks critically at how Foucault’s notion of subject formation unfolds within the matrix of power: a dynamic complex of force relations permeating society. Moreover, it elucidates how a singular subject is constituted in its interaction with the Internet. Foucault analyses our contemporary system of power as a pastoral regime where the responsibilities of government extend from institutions to the self. How one governs one’s self is shaped by various technologies; most significant for this study are technologies of the self: how an individual constitutes herself as an embodied subject. Subjection and subjectivation distinguish technologies of the self that are imposed from society from those that come from within the individual to influence society. We considered various Web sites articulating issues around women’s concerns, deconstructing the discourses they disseminate and identifying their role in women’s subjection and subjectivation. Our reading of cyberspace underscores opportunities the Internet offers in bringing about social change, provided it is integrated within a real social context that subverts the isolating and disembodied character of the virtual. This reading also warns of the increasing difficulty of taking this opportunity as Cyberspace becomes structured by commercialism’s tight constraints

STS-99 Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Stability and Control

The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) flew aboard Space Shuttle Endeavor February 2000 and used interferometry to map 80% of the Earth's landmass. SRTM employed a 200-foot deployable mast structure to extend a second antenna away from the main antenna located in the Shuttle payload bay. Mapping requirements demanded precision pointing and orbital trajectories from the Shuttle on-orbit Flight Control System (PCS). Mast structural dynamics interaction with the FCS impacted stability and performance of the autopilot for attitude maneuvers and pointing during mapping operations. A damper system added to ensure that mast tip motion remained with in the limits of the outboard antenna tracking system while mapping also helped to mitigate structural dynamic interaction with the FCS autopilot. Late changes made to the payload damper system, which actually failed on-orbit, required a redesign and verification of the FCS autopilot filtering schemes necessary to ensure rotational control stability. In-flight measurements using three sensors were used to validate models and gauge the accuracy and robustness of the pre-mission notch filter design

Selection of microorganisms degrading S-Metolachlor herbicide.

The aim of this work was to study herbicide degradation through selected microorganisms from humus and soil subjected to different plantation systems. The following bacterial species were identified: Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae GC s.B strain 1, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Enterobacter aerogenes GC s.A and Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae GC s.B strain 2. Growth studies yet suggested the possibility of a very long lag phase. Although, culture with the herbicide presented biofilm formation and there were color changes in the herbicide that could have interfered with the espectrophotometry readings. After 5 days of incubation at 35ºC, the difference in the concentration of herbicide was 14.42% on average and after 10 days, 35.01%

engineering human renal epithelial cells for transplantation in regenerative medicine

Abstract Cellular transplantation may treat several human diseases by replacing damaged cells and/or providing a local source of trophic factors promoting regeneration. We utilized human renal epithelial cells (hRECs) isolated from cadaveric donors as a cell model. For efficacious implementation of hRECs for treatment of kidney diseases, we evaluated a novel encapsulation strategy for immunoisolation of hRECs and lentiviral transduction of the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as model gene for genetic engineering of hRECs to secrete desired trophic factors. In specific, we determined whether encapsulation through conformal coating and/or GFP transduction of hRECs allowed preservation of cell viability and of their trophic factor secretion. To that end, we optimized cultures of hRECs and showed that aggregation in three-dimensional spheroids significantly preserved cell viability, proliferation, and trophic factor secretion. We also showed that both wild type and GFP-engineered hRECs could be efficiently encapsulated within conformal hydrogel coatings through our fluid dynamic platform and that this resulted in further improvement of cell viability and trophic factors secretion. Our findings may lay the groundwork for future therapeutics based on transplantation of genetically engineered human primary cells for treatment of diseases affecting kidneys and potentially other tissues

Neonatal Near Miss Approach In The 2005 Who Global Survey Brazil

Objectives: To explore the use of the neonatal near miss concept as a tool to evaluate the quality of neonatal care, as 3 million early neonatal deaths occur every year around the world and the majority of these deaths are avoidable and take place in developing countries. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the 2005 WHO Global Survey on Maternal and Perinatal Health, a cross-sectional study, using data from 19 randomly selected Brazilian hospitals. A pragmatic definition of neonatal near miss was developed and tested. Near miss indicators were calculated. Results: Among the 15,169 live born infants included in this analysis, 424 presented at least one of the following conditions: very low birth weight, less than 30 gestational weeks at birth or an Apgar score at the 5th minute of life less than 7. According to the operational definition, these survivors from life-threatening conditions were considered neonatal near miss cases. The early neonatal mortality rate was 8.2/1,000 live births, the neonatal near miss rate was 21.4 neonatal near miss cases/1,000 live births. Substantial variations in the mortality among neonates with life-threatening conditions at birth were observed suggesting intra-hospital quality of care issues. Conclusion: The near miss concept and indicators provided information that could be useful to evaluate the quality of care and set priorities for further assessments and health care improvement for newborn infants. Copyright © 2010 by Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria.8612126(2004) State of the world's children 2005, , UNICEF, New York: UNICEFLawn, J.E., Cousens, S., Zupan, J., Lancet Neonatal Survival Steering Team. 4 million neonatal deaths: When? Where? Why? (2005) Lancet, 365, pp. 891-900Brazil, (2008) Estimates of mortality, , http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/idb2007/matriz.htm#mort.Access:20/02/2009, Brazil:, websiteAraújo, B.F., Bozzetti, M.C., Tanaka, A.C., Early neonatal mortality in Caxias do Sul: A cohort study (2000) J Pediatr (Rio J), 76, pp. 200-206Sarquis, A.L., Miyaki, M., Cat, M.N., The use of CRIB score for predicting neonatal mortality risk (2002) J Pediatr (Rio J), 78, pp. 225-229Sarinho, S.W., Filho, D.A., Silva, G.A., Lima, M.C., Risk factors for neonatal death in Recife: A case-control study (2001) J Pediatr (Rio J), 77, pp. 294-298Castro, E.C., Leite, A.J., Hospital mortality rates of infants with birth weight less than or equal to 1,500 g in the northeast of Brazil (2007) J Pediatr (Rio J), 83, pp. 27-32Say, L., Pattinson, R.C., Gülmezoglu, A.M., WHO systematic review of maternal morbidity and mortality: The prevalence of severe acute maternal morbidity (near miss) (2004) Reprod Health, 1, p. 3Pattinson, R.C., Hall, M., Near misses: A useful adjunct to maternal death enquiries (2003) Br Med Bull, 67, pp. 231-243Say, L., Souza, J.P., Pattinson, R.C., WHO working group on Maternal Mortality and Morbidity classifications. Maternal near miss: Towards a standard tool for monitoring quality of maternal health care (2009) Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol, 23, pp. 287-296Skinner, J.R., Chung, S.K., Montgomery, D., McCulley, C.H., Crawford, J., French, J., Near-miss SIDS due to Brugada syndrome (2005) Arch Dis Child, 90, pp. 528-529Avenant, T., Neonatal near miss: A measure of the quality of obstetric care (2009) Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol, 23, pp. 369-374Villar, J., Valladares, E., Wojdyla, D., Zavaleta, N., Carroli, G., Velazco, A., WHO 2005 global survey on maternal and perinatal health research group. Caesarean delivery rates and pregnancy outcomes: The 2005 WHO global survey on maternal and perinatal health in Latin America (2006) Lancet, 367, pp. 1819-1829Shah, A., Faundes, A., Machoki, M., Bataglia, V., Amokrane, F., Donner, A., Methodological considerations in implementing the WHO Global Survey for Monitoring Maternal and Perinatal Health (2008) Bull World Health Organ, 86, pp. 126-131JP Souza, Cecatti JG, Faundes A, Morais SS, Villar J, Carroli G, et al. WHO 2005 global survey on maternal and perinatal health research group. Maternal near miss and maternal death in the 2005 WHO global survey on maternal and perinatal health. Bull WHO, 2009. [website] http://www.who.int/bulletin/88/2/08-057828.pdf. Access: 19/08/2009Parry, G., Tucker, J., Tarnow-Mordi, W., The CRIB (Clinical Risk Index for Babies) Score: A tool for assessing initial neonatal risk and comparing performance of neonatal intensive-care units (1993) Lancet, 342, pp. 193-19

postoperative mr imaging of spontaneous transdural spinal cord herniation expected findings and complications

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spontaneous transdural spinal cord herniation is no longer a rare cause of myelopathy. The high frequency of diagnoses has led to an increase in the number of surgical procedures. The purpose of this study was to describe the spectrum of postoperative MR imaging findings concerning spontaneous transdural spinal cord herniation and to provide a practical imaging approach for differentiating expected changes and complications after an operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed MR images from 12 patients surgically treated for spontaneous transdural spinal cord herniation. Surgery comprised either dural defect enlargement or duraplasty procedures. Postoperative follow-ups included at least 3 (early, intermediate, late) MR imaging studies. MR images were analyzed with respect to 3 spinal compartments: intradural intramedullary, intradural extramedullary, and extradural. The meaning and reliability of changes detected on MR images were related to their radiologic and clinical evolution with time. RESULTS: Spinal cord realignment has been stable since the early study, whereas spinal cord signal and thickness evolved during the following scans. Most extramedullary and extradural changes gradually reduced in later MR images. Three patients treated with dural defect enlargements experienced the onset of new neurologic symptoms. In those patients, late MR images showed extradural fluid collection and the development of pial siderosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate the spectrum of postoperative imaging findings in spontaneous transdural spinal cord herniation. Spinal cord thickness and signal intensity continued to evolve with time; most extramedullary postsurgical changes became stable. Changes observed in later images may be suggestive of complications

Restoration of Hypoglycemia Awareness After Islet Transplantation

OBJECTIVE—To determine the impact of islet transplantation (ITx) on hypoglycemia awareness in patients with unstable type 1 diabetes and its relation to islet function

Kinematic viscosity of cement pastes with air-entrained admixtures evaluated in different temperatures

A presença de aditivos incorporadores de ar (AIA) em suspensões cimentícias torna esses materiais sensíveis às etapas de processamento e às condições ambientais de preparo das composições. Diversos estudos têm sido reportados em literatura avaliando o efeito de incorporadores de ar nas propriedades de materiais cimentícios, sobretudo no estado endurecido. Porém o efeito da temperatura na incorporação de ar e nas propriedades reológicas dessas composições tem sido menos investigado, sendo este o objetivo do presente trabalho. Para tanto, foram avaliadas as características de pastas cimentícias, compostas por cimentos CPIIF ou CPIIE e dois tipos de AIA, em função da variação da temperatura. O conceito de viscosidade cinemática foi adotado na análise dos resultados para compensar diferenças de inércia das pastas com densidades distintas. Os resultados mostraram que o tipo de cimento, a presença do aditivo e a temperatura influenciaram significativamente na incorporação de ar e nas propriedades reológicas