Energy expenditure and dietary intake of female collegiate tennis and soccer players during a competitive season

This study examined energy expenditure, dietary behavior, and energy balance of female tennis and soccer student-athletes during a competitive season. A sample of 18 (Mage=19.86±1.35 years) Division I female collegiate student-athletes (5 tennis and 13 soccer players) were followed for four days, i. e., during one game/match, two practice sessions, and one recovery day. Physical activity was assessed with accelerometers and dietary behavior with daily food logs. Daily energy expenditure for the game/match, practice, and rest days was 2,848±304kcal, 2,622±248kcal, and 1,833±959kcal, respectively, with a statistically significant main effect (F[2,16]=82.291, p<.001, η2=.91). Daily dietary intake ranged from 1,833±959 to 1849±371kcal, with no significant interaction between different days. There were no sport specific differences in energy expenditure or dietary behaviors. Athletes consumed 4.30±2.07 g/kg carbohydrates, 1.57±.98 g/kg protein, and 1.27±.80 g/kg fats daily. There was a significant main effect in dietary intake (F[2,16]=7.311, p=.006, η2=.48), with a difference between game/match and recovery days (t[17]=3.83, p=.001, d=1.19). This study showed a negative energy balance among female student-athletes. The findings indicate that the lack of carbohydrate intake during game/match days contributed to this energy deficit

Metabolic signalling in pancreatic beta cells

The main function of pancreatic beta cells is to maintain correct glucose homeostasis within the body by secretion of insulin in response to increased blood glucose concentration. Beta cell dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetes. Using transgenic mouse models, the work described in this thesis has investigated the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in beta cell function and their role in the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). AMPK is activated by low cellular energy levels. Once activated it acts as a cellular fuel gauge to restore energy levels back to normal. An anti-diabetic drug metformin is thought to achieve its blood glucose lowering effect by activation of AMPK in liver and skeletal muscle. However, the role of AMPK in pancreatic beta cells has remained uncertain and controversial. This thesis shows that transgenic mice, which lack functional AMPK in beta cells are glucose intolerant caused by impaired GSIS. Investigation of islet function in vitro revealed that lack of AMPK in beta cells alters glucose sensing and insulin secretory behaviour, which is associated with down-regulation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2. PI3K functions as a lipid kinase downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases such as insulin receptor. Previous studies have shown that it has an important role in the regulation of energy metabolism, but no studies to date have investigated the specific role of PI3K in beta cells using mouse knockout models. The study in this thesis demonstrates that transgenic mice that lack functional PI3K catalytic subunits p110α and p110β in beta cells develop marked glucose intolerance and impaired GSIS. Together these two studies demonstrate that AMPK and PI3K signalling in beta cells is essential for the regulation of whole-body glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion

KEPPIÄ VAI PORKKANAA? : EDUSKUNTAVAALEISSA 2019 VALITTUJEN KANSANEDUSTAJIEN KÄSITYKSIÄ KOULUKURISTA JA PAREMMASTA PERUSKOULUSTA

Tämän tutkimuksen kohteena on eduskuntavaaleissa 2019 valittujen kansanedustajaehdokkaiden kuria ja parempaa peruskoulua koskevat käsitykset. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on kuvata ja selvittää kansanedustajien koulukurin tiukentamiseen suhtautumista ja sitä selittäviä tekijöitä, kuriin liitettyjä käsityksiä ja merkityksiä sekä kansanedustajien parempaa peruskoulua koskevia visioita ja kehittämisehdotuksia. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen kehys koostuu koulukasvatuksen kurin, vallan ja työrauhan tarkastelusta. Teoriaosuuden historiallis-yhteiskuntatieteellisessä katsauksessa esitetään, kuinka koulukurista ja opettajan ehdottomasta auktoriteetista on siirrytty kuluneella vuosisadalla työrauhan ja oppilaiden osallistamisen tavoitteluun. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu Helsingin Sanomien eduskuntavaalien 2019 vaalikoneen koulukuria koskevan väittämän vastauksista sekä tutkimusjoukon kansanedustajien (n = 192) taustatiedoista. Aineistoa lähestytään monimenetelmällisesti, sekä fenomenografisella tutkimusotteella että määrällisin menetelmin. Määrällinen aineisto koostui 192:sta ja laadullinen aineisto 153:sta vastauksesta. Kansanedustajista reilu puolet puolsi ja miltein puolet vastusti väittämää, jonka mukaan tiukempi kuri tekisi suomalaiskouluista nykyistä parempia. Kuriin suhtautumista selittävinä tekijöinä vaikuttaisi olevan sukupuoli, äidinkieli ja puoluekanta: naiset, ruotsinkieliset ja liberaalien puolueiden edustajat suhtautuivat kurin tiukentamiseen muita kielteisemmin. Fenomenografinen aineistoanalyysi osoitti erilaisten kuriin liitettyjen käsitysten variaation suureksi. Kuriin myönteisesti suhtautuvat katsoivat kurin olevan hyvän kasvatustyön perusta, tarkoittaen muun muassa välttämättömien rajojen asettamista ja niiden noudattamisen valvomista. Kuriin kielteisesti suhtautuvien käsityksissä kova kuri rinnastettiin sen sijaan käskytykseen, ankariin rangaistuksiin ja kuritusväkivallan käyttöön. Kansanedustajat kuvasivat erityisesti turvallisen ja viihtyisän oppimisympäristön kouluja parantavaksi tekijäksi. Konkreettisista kouluja parantavista toimenpiteistä puolet liittyivät kurin tiukentamiseen ja lähes puolet resurssien lisäämiseen. Tulosten perustella koulukurin lisääminen tarkoittaisi käytännössä koulun sääntöjen ja käytänteiden tiukentamista, kurinpito- ja turvaamiskeinojen laajentamista sekä opettajan auktoriteetin vahvistamista. Resursseja esitettiin puolestaan lisättäväksi koulunkäynnin ja oppimisen tukeen, kouluhenkilöstön määrään, osaamisen ja jaksamisen tukemiseen sekä ryhmä- ja luokkakokojen pienentämiseen

Esimiehen rooli osaamisen kehittämisessä : Case Oko, raha-, valuutta- ja velkapääomamarkkinaosasto

Siirretty Doriast

Dynamic configuration management

During recent years, the amount of software in container handling equipment has increased and automation has a greater role in container terminal operations. Automation systems must be able to constantly adapt to changing environments and container operator requirements. In addition, it should be possible to monitor the state of the system in order to confirm that it has adapted to the new configurations correctly. The focus of this thesis is on the configuration management of UniQ which is a data distribution framework developed by Cargotec Finland Oy. Within this thesis, a new piece of software, called UniConf, will be introduced for editing the configuration files of UniQ. UniConf allows users to edit configuration files with graphical user interface. UniConf can also validate the configuration files and create necessary installation packages so that configuration files can be installed into container handling equipment. To accomplish distribution of configuration files, existing configuration distribution systems are studied herein. This research has been done by studying manuals and other documentation offered by manufacturers of configuration distribution systems. The study focuses on the most crucial aspects concerning configuration distribution for container handling equipment

An Exposure-Based Intervention Dismantles College-Aged Females’ Barriers for Resistance Training: Project WONDER Training

This study aimed to examine the effects of an exposure-based resistance training (RT) intervention on perceived barriers, benefits, and motives for RT in college-aged females and to assess moderating effects of a trainer-trainee relationship on any intervention outcomes. A sample of 13 (Mage = 20.7 ± 1.3y) physically active, non-resistance training female students completed an 8-week intervention (1hr 45min, twice per week). The intervention was effective in reducing perceived time/effort (t[12] = 5.02, p &lt; 0.001, d = 1.81), physical effect (t[12] = 2.48, p = 0.029, d = 0.86) and social (t[12] = 4.86, p &lt; .001, d = 1.97) RT barriers. A positive change pattern was established in stress management (t[12] = 2.21, p = 0.048, d = 0.62), revitalization (t[12] = 2.71, p = .019, d = 0.95), and enjoyment (t[12] = 3.53, p = .004, d = 1.18). Finally, the analyses showed that goal (β = 0.23[0.02], p &lt; 0001, R2 = 0.979) and bond (β = 0.21[.01], p &lt; 0001, R2 = 0.995) alliances were positive moderators with large-sized effects on changes in physical barriers. For stress management, bond alliance was the only statistically significant, small-sized moderator, with a greater bond increasing the effect on the intervention (β = 0.21[.01], p &lt; 0001, R2 = 0.997). This data suggests that an exposure-based RT intervention is beneficial for reducing perceived RT barriers in physically active, non-resistance training college-aged women and that bond-oriented support from the trainer is especially impactful in reducing some of those perceived barriers

Dynamic configuration management

During recent years, the amount of software in container handling equipment has increased and automation has a greater role in container terminal operations. Automation systems must be able to constantly adapt to changing environments and container operator requirements. In addition, it should be possible to monitor the state of the system in order to confirm that it has adapted to the new configurations correctly. The focus of this thesis is on the configuration management of UniQ which is a data distribution framework developed by Cargotec Finland Oy. Within this thesis, a new piece of software, called UniConf, will be introduced for editing the configuration files of UniQ. UniConf allows users to edit configuration files with graphical user interface. UniConf can also validate the configuration files and create necessary installation packages so that configuration files can be installed into container handling equipment. To accomplish distribution of configuration files, existing configuration distribution systems are studied herein. This research has been done by studying manuals and other documentation offered by manufacturers of configuration distribution systems. The study focuses on the most crucial aspects concerning configuration distribution for container handling equipment

Metamotifs--a generative model for building families of nucleotide position weight matrices.

BACKGROUND: Development of high-throughput methods for measuring DNA interactions of transcription factors together with computational advances in short motif inference algorithms is expanding our understanding of transcription factor binding site motifs. The consequential growth of sequence motif data sets makes it important to systematically group and categorise regulatory motifs. It has been shown that there are familial tendencies in DNA sequence motifs that are predictive of the family of factors that binds them. Further development of methods that detect and describe familial motif trends has the potential to help in measuring the similarity of novel computational motif predictions to previously known data and sensitively detecting regulatory motifs similar to previously known ones from novel sequence. RESULTS: We propose a probabilistic model for position weight matrix (PWM) sequence motif families. The model, which we call the 'metamotif' describes recurring familial patterns in a set of motifs. The metamotif framework models variation within a family of sequence motifs. It allows for simultaneous estimation of a series of independent metamotifs from input position weight matrix (PWM) motif data and does not assume that all input motif columns contribute to a familial pattern. We describe an algorithm for inferring metamotifs from weight matrix data. We then demonstrate the use of the model in two practical tasks: in the Bayesian NestedMICA model inference algorithm as a PWM prior to enhance motif inference sensitivity, and in a motif classification task where motifs are labelled according to their interacting DNA binding domain. CONCLUSIONS: We show that metamotifs can be used as PWM priors in the NestedMICA motif inference algorithm to dramatically increase the sensitivity to infer motifs. Metamotifs were also successfully applied to a motif classification problem where sequence motif features were used to predict the family of protein DNA binding domains that would interact with it. The metamotif based classifier is shown to compare favourably to previous related methods. The metamotif has great potential for further use in machine learning tasks related to especially de novo computational sequence motif inference. The metamotif methods presented have been incorporated into the NestedMICA suite.RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are

Dalliance: interactive genome viewing on the web

Summary: Dalliance is a new genome viewer which offers a high level of interactivity while running within a web browser. All data is fetched using the established distributed annotation system (DAS) protocol, making it easy to customize the browser and add extra data

Sisäisen materiaalihallinnan mittaustapojen soveltaminen metallialan yrityksessä

Siirretty Doriast