Wybrane cechy dowódcze kobiet w armii w opiniach innych żołnierzy

The aim of this article is to present the results of research carried out on a sample of 80 soldiers (women and a man) in selected areas related to command by female soldiers. The assessment was given by respondents who were both led by women and led without gender division. The main research problem of this study is determining perception of women's leadership competencies by soldiers, which is presented in the specific questions: 1. In the opinion of the soldiers, are there gender- -related command competencies? 2. How do soldiers assess the command competence of women soldiers? The research was based on a quantitative methodology, using targeted sample selection and a standardized research tool (survey questionnaire). The methodology used in the article is descriptive statistics, due to the size of the research sample, as well as the preliminary nature of the research. The research is also used to identify the thesis which could be the basis for further empirical investigation and the planned doctoral conception in the analyzed area.(fragment of text)Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wyników zrealizowanego na próbie 80 żołnierzy (kobiet i mężczyzn) badania, które dotyczyło wybranych obszarów związanych z dowodzeniem przez żołnierzy płci żeńskiej. W artykule podjęto próbę zaprezentowania oceny wystawionej przez respondentów zarówno tych, którzy byli dowodzeni przez kobiety, jak i ogółem. Głównym problemem badawczym jest identyfikacja sposobu postrzegania kompetencji przywódczych kobiet przez żołnierzy, co znajduje odzwierciedlenie w pytaniach szczegółowych: 1. Czy w opinii żołnierzy istnieją kompetencje dowódcze powiązane z płcią? 2. Jak żołnierze oceniają kompetencje dowódcze kobiet - żołnierzy? Badania zostały oparte na metodzie ilościowej wykorzystującej celowy dobór próby i wystandaryzowane narzędzie badawcze (kwestionariusz ankiety). Metoda analizy wyników zastosowana w artykule sprowadza się do statystyki opisowej z uwagi na rozmiar próby badawczej i pilotażowy charakter badania. Badanie służy identyfikacji hipotez, których weryfikacja stanowi podstawę dalszych badań empirycznych i planowanej pracy doktorskiej w analizowanym obszarze.(fragment tekstu

Mental Health in the Workplace: Situation Analyses, Poland

[From Introduction] The workplace is an appropriate environment in which to educate and raise individuals’ awareness about mental health problems. For example, encouragement to promote good mental health practices, provide tools for recognition and early identification of the symptoms of problems, and establish links with local mental health services for referral and treatment can be offered. The need to demystify the topic and lift the taboos about the presence of mental health problems in the workplace while educating the working population regarding early recognition and treatment will benefit employers in terms of higher productivity and reduction in direct and in-direct costs. However, it must be recognised that some mental health problems need specific clinical care and monitoring, as well as special considerations for the integration or re-integration of the individual into the workforce

The dynamic of the changes of the motoric features and physical fitness in the group of the children training the acrobatic

The goal of that publication is to assess the tempo and dynamics of the basic somatic changes and physical fitness among young students – acrobats within 3 - year observation. The source of the study are the results of the longitudinal research conducted in the primary sports school no 69 in Poznań. The children are trained there within 3 year program continuously. The research covers the students from the sports classes and the students from the ordinary classes, attending the same primary school. The detailed analysis of the results shows, that the improved level of the sports activity, involving the systematic and dedicated physical training of the initial and basic acrobatics exercises does not considerably influence the differences of the tempo and the dynamic of the improvement of the certain physical features and physical fitness between the sports class students and control group

Role of exercise and tools used in physical activities with the elderly

In recent years there has been an increased interest in forms of activities among older people. Regular physical exercise performed by seniors slow down the aging process, extend the period of physical and mental fitness. Regular physical activity is one way to counteract adverse processes of involution. To prevent involution situations, gymnastic, movement, dance, athletics, swimming, or related to other sports exercise can be used. The study shows the importance of some forms of physical activities for people in old age, and presented examples of exercises and tools used in physical activities with the elderly

Rule difficulty and the usefulness of instruction: Learner Perceptions and Performance

In recent years, there has been growing recognition of the importance of code-focused instruction in second / foreign language (L2) acquisition. In current SLA theory, two main types of approaches to L2 instruction can be distinguished: task-based approaches and skill-based approaches. In the former, instruction is to take place through tasks which induce interaction between learners, with code-focused explicit teaching playing a supporting role. In the latter, conscious and systematic study of grammar rules is regarded as the basis for L2 development. Learners are first supposed to develop declarative knowledge of L2 grammar, and then to proceduralize this knowledge to such an extent that it can be used in spontaneous speech production. Regardless of the type of approach adopted, one is, then, justified in applying some form of explicit code-focused instruction. However, there are still a number of issues which need to be considered when deciding which L2 grammar rules to target in teaching. One of the most controversial is that of rule difficulty. This paper addresses this issue from the learner’s perspective: it reports the results of a questionnaire administered to two groups of Polish secondary school learners of English. The first group was asked to assess the difficulty of a number of key areas of English grammar. The second was asked to assess the usefulness of explicit instruction in the same areas. The results indicate that there is a considerable overlap between the judgements of both groups. The learners’ judgements reveal their subjective perceptions of rule difficulty. This paper also reports the results of an objective measure of rule difficulty administered to the first group referred to above. It is shown that the subjective notion of difficulty does not necessarily correspond to the difficulty that learners actually experience when dealing with a particular area of grammar

Bone marrow sparing RT in era of immunotherapy

  Recent advances in the field of immunotherapy have changed the perception of cancer treatment to complex model with host immunity in the spotlight. Potential synergy of immunotherapy drugs [aiming cytotoxic T cell antigen 4 (CTLA-4) or programmed cell death-1/ligand (PD-1/PD-L1)] and radiotherapy (RT) have established basis for ongo­ing clinical trials testing combined treatment. It was shown that complete blood cell counts (CBC) parameters may correlate with cancer survival, toxicity and outcomes of treatment. Therefore, reduction of hematologic toxicity of cancer treatment may gain in significance. Modern dose delivery techniques compromise dose reduction in critical organs (like bone marrow — BM) with adequate irradiation of target volumes. In addition, usage of modern imaging like positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows to divide the volume of BM to active and inactive one. In this review, we discuss the synergy of RT and immunity and techniques of Bone Marrow Sparing RT (BMS-RT)

Bone marrow sparing RT in era of immunotherapy

Recent advances in the field of immunotherapy have changed the perception of cancer treatment to complex model with host immunity in the spotlight. Potential synergy of immunotherapy drugs [aiming cytotoxic T cell antigen 4 (CTLA-4) or programmed cell death-1/ligand (PD-1/PD-L1)] and radiotherapy (RT) have established basis for ongo­ing clinical trials testing combined treatment. It was shown that complete blood cell counts (CBC) parameters may correlate with cancer survival, toxicity and outcomes of treatment. Therefore, reduction of hematologic toxicity of cancer treatment may gain in significance. Modern dose delivery techniques compromise dose reduction in critical organs (like bone marrow — BM) with adequate irradiation of target volumes. In addition, usage of modern imaging like positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows to divide the volume of BM to active and inactive one. In this review, we discuss the synergy of RT and immunity and techniques of Bone Marrow Sparing RT (BMS-RT)

Scaling behavior and mechanism of formation of Si O2 thin films grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

This paper reports a study of the kinetic roughening of Si O2 thin films prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Tetramethylsilane has been used as a precursor, and the synthesis has been carried out under remote and in-plasma configurations. The analysis of surface topography of the films by atomic force microscopy shows an anomalous scaling behavior that cannot be represented by the Family-Vicsec scaling relation of dynamic scaling theory. The application of different methods for obtaining the roughness exponent α yields different values of this exponent (α=0.7 for the height-height correlation function and α=1.3 for the power spectral density function for long deposition times) in all experimental conditions. Moreover, a strong variation of the α exponent with deposition time has been determined for the samples grown in remote mode. This correlates with the presence of a crossover region of the growth exponent β, which varies from a first value of 1.3 for low deposition times to another of 0.3 for longer deposition times. Such a variation is not found for the samples grown in the plasma, characterized by a β value of 0.28. The results obtained can be explained by the combined effect in the growth process of a low diffusivity of the physisorbed species along with the existence of nonlocal interactions due to shadowing effects. These two assumptions are in agreement with the empirical knowledge existing about the kinetics of the growth of Si O2 thin films by PECVD and establish a link between the scaling properties of the films with the surface chemistry during the film growth.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia MAT2004-01558 y MAT2007-6576

Skin appendage abnormalities in hypothyroidism: understanding and management

Introduction and purpose Thyroid ailments are frequently encountered in medical practice, often intertwined with a variety of conditions that may or may not share common underlying factors. Among the organs profoundly influenced by these disorders is the skin, which manifests a diverse array of clinical presentations. However, the exact changes in the structure of skin appendages have not been well studied. Changes in hair structure or nail findings may be helpful in early diagnosis of thyroid disorders and therefore are important for dermatologist education. Hair loss can be a very uncomfortable and embarrassing ailment. Many diseases, nutritional deficiencies, stress and other factors can affect the hair condition and even induce its falling out. This review seeks to explore the numerous skin disorders arising directly or indirectly from thyroid irregularities, offering an updated understanding of the interplay between thyroid function and skin health. State of Knowledge It is well-established in scientific literature that thyroid gland disorders, particularly hypothyroidism, induce metabolic deceleration, influencing the inadequate nourishment of skin appendages, resulting in skin dryness and fragility. Patients commonly report pallor, cold intolerance, and deteriorating hair and nail quality. Conclusion We noticed strong correlation between hair loss and the autoimmune process during the dysfunction of thyroid. Euthyroidism plays an important role in hair cycle and any changes can disturb its proper development. In Hashimoto disease elevated levels of antibodies negatively influence hair cycle by excessively inducing telogen phase.  Moreover, the blood vessels of the skin constrict disrupting the blood flow which affects hair follicles.&nbsp

Obesity and angiogenesis

Rozpowszechnienie otyłości to narastający problem całego świata. Tkanka tłuszczowa jest źródłem hormonów, czynników wzrostu i cytokin. Nadmierny ciężar ciała wiąże się z rozwojem licznych chorób, w tym cukrzycy typu 2, choroby niedokrwiennej serca, nadciśnienia tętniczego, udaru mózgu a także niektórych nowotworów.Adipocyty uruchamiają kaskady zapalne, prowadząc do wadliwego funkcjonowania tkanek. Aktywność kinaz prowadzi do wzrostu ekspresji cytokin prozapalnych takich jak TNF-alfa, IL‑6, CRP i zaburzenia funkcjonowania szlaków zależnych od insuliny. Niewystarczająca sieć naczyniowa upośledza zaopatrzenie tkanki tłuszczowej w tlen i składniki odżywcze.Tkanka tłuszczowa pełni ważną rolę w regulacji insulinowrażliwości i metabolizmu, stąd poznanie procesów i zależności między nimi może umożliwić opracowanie nowych strategii terapeutycznych w leczeniu chorób naczyniowych i cukrzycy typu 2.Obesity has become a growing problem of our times. Adipose tissue is known to be a source of hormones, growth factors and cytokines. Elevated body mass results in various complications such as diabetes type 2, ischaemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, stroke and some neoplasmatic diseases.Nutrient overload in adipocytes induces inflammatory cascades leading to increased kinase activity and elevation of cytokines expression which in turn can cause insulin resistance. Insufficient angiogenesis within adipose tissue results in hypoxia and impaired nutrient supply.Adipose tissue plays an important role in metabolism and insulin sensitivity regulation. That is why a better understanding of mechanisms and relations between them can result in new therapeutic approach as far as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes type 2 is concerned