146 research outputs found
The 70 Percent Solution Summary Report
This summary report offers a different vision of how educators, employers, parents, and all those who care about the development of young people should understand and address life after high school. The report finds that students and all Americans need better and more informed choices for the next step after high school, and at every stage of their careers, as they seek the knowledge and skills that will help them succeed in the workplace and meet their economic necessities. It calls upon parents, students, policymakers, and educators to recognize the realities and opportunities of the changing new economy for people of different educational backgrounds -- and to support the increasing importance of lifelong learning to the success of so many Americans
The 70 Percent Solution: Five Principles for Helping Young People Make Decisions During and After High School
This report offers a different vision of how educators, employers, parents, and all those who care about the development of young people should understand and address life after high school. The report finds that students and all Americans need better and more informed choices for the next step after high school, and at every stage of their careers, as they seek the knowledge and skills that will help them succeed in the workplace and meet their economic necessities. It calls upon parents, students, policymakers, and educators to recognize the realities and opportunities of the changing new economy for people of different educational backgrounds -- and to support the increasing importance of lifelong learning to the success of so many Americans
Ubiquitous finite-size scaling features in IV characteristics of various dynamic XY models in two dimensions
Two-dimensional (2D) XY model subject to three different types of dynamics,
namely Monte Carlo, resistivity shunted junction (RSJ), and relaxational
dynamics, is numerically simulated. From the comparisons of the current-voltage
(I-V) characteristics, it is found that up to some constants I-V curves at a
given temperature are identical to each other in a broad range of external
currents. Simulations of the Villain model and the modified 2D XY model
allowing stronger thermal vortex fluctuations are also performed with RSJ type
of dynamics. The finite-size scaling suggested in Medvedyeva et al. [Phys. Rev.
B 62, 14531(2000)] is confirmed for all dynamic models used, implying that this
finite-size scaling behaviors in the vicinity of the Kosterlitz-Thouless
transition are quite robust.Comment: 7 pages, 4 pictures, accepted in Physica
Renormalization Group Study of the Intrinsic Finite Size Effect in 2D Superconductors
Vortices in a thin-film superconductor interact logarithmically out to a
distance on the order of the two-dimensional (2D) magnetic penetration depth
, at which point the interaction approaches a constant. Thus,
because of the finite , the system exhibits what amounts to an
{\it intrinsic} finite size effect. It is not described by the 2D Coulomb gas
but rather by the 2D Yukawa gas (2DYG). To study the critical behavior of the
2DYG, we map the 2DYG to the massive sine-Gordon model and then perform a
renormalization group study to derive the recursion relations and to verify
that is a relevant parameter. We solve the recursion relations
to study important physical quantities for this system including the
renormalized stiffness constant and the correlation length. We also address the
effect of current on this system to explain why finite size effects are not
more prevalent in experiments given that the 2D magnetic penetration depth is a
relevant parameter.Comment: 8 pages inRevTex, 5 embedded EPS figure
Campus Vol VII N 2
Howard Studio. Betty Janda, Junior . Picture. 0.
Bedell, Barrie. Campus Affords Opportunity . Prose. 2.
Pierson, Pete. Untitled. Cartoon. 2.; Gould, James. A Christmas Fable . Prose. 3.
Dake, Hart. The House I Lived In, Or The Real Story Behind the Closing of The Pines . Prose. 4.
Adams, Rob and Bill Hughes. Eastward Ha! . Prose. 6.
Wellman, Lynn. Denison Debators Used to Winning . Prose. 8.
Gould, Chester. The American Way . Prose. 9.; Dutro, Jacqui. The Portable Christmas . Prose. 10.
Malcomson, Bill. A City Street . Prose. 12.
Pierson, Pete. Untitled. Cartoon. 13.
Umphrey, Shirley. 1952 Campus Gal-ender Girls . Poem. 14.
Smith, Orlo et al. 1952 Campus Gal-ender Girls . Picture. 14.
Jacobs, Edward R. It Came to Pass . Prose. 18.
Hodges, John. A Native Returns . Prose. 19.
Pierson, Pete. Untitled. Cartoon. 21.
Hart, Herbert. The Case of The Reticent Regurgitator . Prose. 23.
Potts. Untitled. Cartoon. 23.
Rounds, Dave. Infamous Past Words . Cartoon. 24.
Potts. Untitled. Cartoon. 25
Dynamic Scaling and Two-Dimensional High-Tc Superconductors
There has been ongoing debate over the critical behavior of two-dimensional
superconductors; in particular for high Tc superconductors. The conventional
view is that a Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii transition occurs as long as
finite size effects do not obscure the transition. However, there have been
recent suggestions that a different transition actually occurs which
incorporates aspects of both the dynamic scaling theory of Fisher, Fisher, and
Huse and the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii transition. Of general interest is
that this modified transition apparently has a universal dynamic critical
exponent. Some have countered that this apparent universal behavior is rooted
in a newly proposed finite-size scaling theory; one that also incorporates
scaling and conventional two-dimensional theory. To investigate these issues we
study DC voltage versus current data of a 12 angstrom thick YBCO film. We find
that the newly proposed scaling theories have intrinsic flexibility that is
relevant to the analysis of the experiments. In particular, the data scale
according to the modified transition for arbitrarily defined critical
temperatures between 0 K and 19.5 K, and the temperature range of a successful
scaling collapse is related directly to the sensitivity of the measurement.
This implies that the apparent universal exponent is due to the intrinsic
flexibility rather than some real physical property. To address this intrinsic
flexibility, we propose a criterion which would give conclusive evidence for
phase transitions in two-dimensional superconductors. We conclude by reviewing
results to see if our criterion is satisfied.Comment: 14 page
Dynamic scaling for 2D superconductors, Josephson junction arrays and superfluids
The value of the dynamic critical exponent is studied for two-dimensional
superconducting, superfluid, and Josephson Junction array systems in zero
magnetic field via the Fisher-Fisher-Huse dynamic scaling. We find
, a relatively large value indicative of non-diffusive
dynamics. Universality of the scaling function is tested and confirmed for the
thinnest samples. We discuss the validity of the dynamic scaling analysis as
well as the previous studies of the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii transition
in these systems, the results of which seem to be consistent with simple
diffusion (). Further studies are discussed and encouraged.Comment: 19 pages in two-column RevTex, 8 embedded EPS figure
Dynamic Impedance of Two-Dimensional Superconducting Films Near the Superconducting Transition
The sheet impedances, Z(w,T), of several superconducting a-Mo77Ge23 films and
one In/InOx film have been measured in zero field using a two-coil mutual
inductance technique at frequencies from 100 Hz to 100 kHz. Z(w,T) is found to
have three contributions: the inductive superfluid, renormalized by nonvortex
phase fluctuations; conventional vortex-antivortex pairs, whose contribution
turns on very rapidly just below the usual Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii
unbinding temperature; and an anomalous contribution. The latter is
predominantly resistive, persists well below the KTB temperature, and is weakly
dependent on frequency down to remarkably low frequencies, at least 100 Hz. It
increases with T as e-U'(T)/kT, where the activation energy, U'(T), is about
half the energy to create a vortex-antivortex pair, indicating that the
frequency dependence is that of individual excitations, rather than critical
behavior.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figs; subm PR
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