74 research outputs found

    Genetic Risk Score for Intracranial Aneurysms:Prediction of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Role in Clinical Heterogeneity

    Get PDF
    BACKGROUND: Recently, common genetic risk factors for intracranial aneurysm (IA) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (ASAH) were found to explain a large amount of disease heritability and therefore have potential to be used for genetic risk prediction. We constructed a genetic risk score to (1) predict ASAH incidence and IA presence (combined set of unruptured IA and ASAH) and (2) assess its association with patient characteristics. METHODS: A genetic risk score incorporating genetic association data for IA and 17 traits related to IA (so-called metaGRS) was created using 1161 IA cases and 407 392 controls from the UK Biobank population study. The metaGRS was validated in combination with risk factors blood pressure, sex, and smoking in 828 IA cases and 68 568 controls from the Nordic HUNT population study. Furthermore, we assessed association between the metaGRS and patient characteristics in a cohort of 5560 IA patients. RESULTS: Per SD increase of metaGRS, the hazard ratio for ASAH incidence was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.20-1.51) and the odds ratio for IA presence 1.09 (95% CI, 1.01-1.18). Upon including the metaGRS on top of clinical risk factors, the concordance index to predict ASAH hazard increased from 0.63 (95% CI, 0.59-0.67) to 0.65 (95% CI, 0.62-0.69), while prediction of IA presence did not improve. The metaGRS was statistically significantly associated with age at ASAH (β=-4.82×10(-3) per year [95% CI, -6.49×10(-3) to -3.14×10(-3)]; P=1.82×10(-8)), and location of IA at the internal carotid artery (odds ratio=0.92 [95% CI, 0.86-0.98]; P=0.0041). CONCLUSIONS: The metaGRS was predictive of ASAH incidence, although with limited added value over clinical risk factors. The metaGRS was not predictive of IA presence. Therefore, we do not recommend using this metaGRS in daily clinical care. Genetic risk does partly explain the clinical heterogeneity of IA warranting prioritization of clinical heterogeneity in future genetic prediction studies of IA and ASAH

    Gait analysis according to the principles of international classification of functiioning in persones with central nervous system disease

    No full text
    La Classification Internationale du Fonctionnement (CTF) a été élaborée dans les années 1990 afin de proposer un langage commun et un cadre pour la description et l'organisation relatives au fonctionnement et au handicap. Le fonctionnement et le handicap sont des concepts multidimentionnels qui permettent de mettre en avant l'interaction dynamique entre plusieurs composantes : les fonctions organiques et les structures anatomiques des individus, les activités des individus et les domaines de vie auxquels ils participent, les facteurs environnementaux qui influencent leur participation et les facteurs personnels. La logique de prise en charge des personnes en Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation (MPR), spécialité de la fonction, s'inscrit pleinement dans la démarche proposée par la CTF. En effet, le médecin de MPR possède la culture médicale lui permettant d'appréhender les déficiences. Sa formation ultérieure sur le fonctionnement et son positionnement sur les conséquences des maladies le placent au cœur d'une réflexion multidimensionnelle. La marche humaine s'est construite progressivement au cours de l'histoire de l'humanité et son fonctionnement bipède est unique chez les mammifères. Cette organisation reposant sur une succession de simples et de doubles appuis, nécessite une organisation reposant sur une construction neurologique complexe impliquant de nombreuses structures Les structures les plus anciennes dans le développement phylogénétique (la moelle spinale, le tronc cérébral, le cervelet) permettent de générer une activité automatisée par la personne au cours de son existence. Le cortex cérébral permet de modifier les patterns basiques de la marche en fonction des informations environnementales. L'harmonisation des mouvements locomoteurs nécessitent une communication entre ces différentes structures, celle-ci passe par les axones cheminant dans la substance blanche. Cette complexité organisationnelle rend la marche très sensible aux atteintes pathologiques du système nerveux central. Ses troubles en sont donc un mode de révélation fréquent. La démarche nécessaire pour l'étude des troubles de la marche s'inscrit dans la logique de la CIF, la marche étant une fonction essentielle aux activités et aux participations des citoyens au sein de la société. Une étude multimodale de la marche nous a permis de nous placer dans la logique de la CIF. Nous avons donc abordé l'étude des troubles de la marche à travers des modèles pathologiques qui touchent le système nerveux. La diffusion des troubles (lésionnels et fonctionnels) de la sclérose en plaques (SEP) nous a amené à aborder l'étude des dysfonctionnements de la marche induits par celle-ci à travers le prisme des activités et participations. La variabilité de la vitesse de marche est étudiée par une étude de reproductibilité. Nous avons déterminé le pourcentage de temps d'appui comme paramètre le plus reproductible en l'absence d'intervention thérapeutique. L'impact dans les conditions de vie réelle, est abordé par l'actimétrie et la qualité de vie. Comparé à un groupe de sujet sains, les personnes avec une SEP présentent une activité moindre et une stratégie hebdomadaire différente, sans augmentation de l'activité le samedi. La qualité de vie des personnes avec une SEP peut être améliorée, de façon modérée par un traitement médicamenteux: la fampridine. Le caractère focalisé des lésions des infarctus cérébraux nous a amené à aborder les troubles de la marche induits par le lien possible avec la déficience, même minime. Une mise au point sur les troubles moteurs induits par les infarctus dans le territoire irrigué par les branches perforantes de l'artère cérébrale moyenne a été proposée avant de construire une évaluation fonctionnelle chez les patients n'ayant pas d'atteinte de la voie cortico-spinale.The International Classification of Functioning (ICF) was developed in the 1990s to provide a common language and framework for the description and organization offonctioning and disability. Functioning and disability are multidimensional concepts that highlight the dynamic interaction between several components: the organic fonctions and anatomical structures of individuals, the activities of individuals and the areas of life in which they participate, environmental factors that influence their participation and persona! factors. The logic of taking care of people in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (MPR), specialty of the function, is fully in line with the approach proposed by the ICF. Indeed, the practitioner in PMR has the medical culture allowing him to apprehend the deficiencies. His professional experience and his overview of the consequences of diseases puts him at the heart of a multidimensional reflection. In the course of mankind history, human gait has progressively evolved. Its bipedal characteristic is unique in mammals. This organization based on a succession of simple and double supports, requires an organization based on a complex neurological construction involving many structures. The automated activity generated during gait is supported by the oldest structures in the phylogenetic development (the spinal marrow, the brainstem, the cerebellum). The cerebral cortex makes it possible to modify the basic patterns of walking according to environmental information. Harmonization of locomotor movements requires communication between these different structures, this one goes through axons moving in the white matter. This organizational complexity makes. gait very sensitive to pathological attacks of the central nervous system. This troubles are therefore a frequent mode of revelation. The process need for the study of gait disorders is part of the ICF, as walking is an essential fonction for the activities and participation of citizens in society. A multimodal study of walking allowed us to place ourselves in the logic of the ICF. We therefore approached the study of gait disorders through pathological models that affect the nervous system. The spread of disorders of multiple sclerosis (MS) led us to address the study of dysfonctions of walking induced by it through the prism of activities and participation. The variability of walking speed is studied by a reproducibility study. We determined the percentage of support time as the most reproducible parameter in the absence of therapeutic intervention. The impact in real life conditions is addressed by actimetry and quality of life. Compared to a group of healthy subjects, people with MS have less activity and a different weekly strategy, with no increase in activity on Saturdays. The quality of life of people with MS can be improved, moderately by drug therapy: fampridine. The focussed nature of brain infarction lesions has led us to address the disorders of walking induced by the possible link with the deficiency, even minimal. A review of motor dysfonction induced by infarction in the territory irrigated by the perforating branches of the middle cerebral artery was proposed before constructing a functional evaluation in patients without involvement of the cortico-spinal wa

    Les symptômes anxieux et dépressifs après un AVC

    No full text
    BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Tapia syndrome at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic

    Full text link

    Lenticulostriate Infarction

    Full text link

    What Are the Minimal Detectable Changes in SDMT and Verbal Fluency Tests for Assessing Changes in Cognitive Performance in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis and Non-Multiple Sclerosis Controls?

    Full text link
    &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Cognitive impairment is frequent in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and can impact on activities of daily living. The capacity to differentiate real changes from background statistical noise induced by human, instrumentational, and environmental variations inherent to the evaluation would improve cognitive assessments. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; To assess the short-term reproducibility of cognitive tests in non-multiple sclerosis (non-MS) persons and PwMS. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Sixty-two PwMS and 19 non-MS persons performed 2 measurements, 1 week apart, of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and phonological and semantic verbal fluency. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and agreement by standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The reliability of the cognitive variables studied had moderate to high ICC values (ICC &amp;#x3e; 0.8) in both populations. The threshold to consider a significant cognitive modification evaluated by SEM and MDC was lower in PwMS compared with non-MS persons. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; SDMT and verbal fluency have good short-term reproducibility in PwMS. Specific SEM and MDC cutoffs based on the same design of evaluation (especially retest timing) and to the targeted pathological population (MS vs. healthy) should systematically be used to consider cognitive modification as significant in research protocol as well as in clinical practice. </jats:p
    corecore