Gross motor function in patients with cerebral palsy in rehabilitation process with virtual reality

Purpose: To verify whether there is a correlation between the variables of the interventions with Virtual Reality (VR) and if there is an influence (positive or negative) on motor function in people with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Methods: A systematic search was completed in PubMed; Web of Science; Scopus; Scielo and, Scholar Google (up to page 25). Applying selection criteria, 17 articles were selected. From the articles found, 145 individuals were analyzed concerning intervention variables. VR tools were classified as specific and non-specific. Statistical analysis determined variables' behavior through tests of multivariate analysis and the coefficient of correlation. Results: Non-specific hardware for rehabilitation programs presented better results and statistical results suggests a significant correlation between session time and improvement of motor function, pointing that sessions between 45 and 50 minutes are more efficient. Conclusions: Type of hardware and intervention time are significant when planning interventions for people with CP

Effect of low dose, short-term creatine supplementation on muscle power output in elite youth soccer players

Background: To determine the effects of a low dose, short-term Creatine monohydrate (Cr) supplementation (0.03 g.kg.d-1 during 14 d) on muscle power output in elite youth soccer players. Methods: Using a two-group matched, double blind, placebo-controlled design, nineteen male soccer players (mean age = 17.0 ± 0.5 years) were randomly assigned to either Cr (N = 9) or placebo (N = 10) group. Before and after supplementation, participants performed a 30s Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) to assess peak power output (PPO), mean power output (MPO), fatigue index (FI), and total work. Results: There were significant increases in both PPO and MPO after the Cr supplementation period (P ≤ 0.05) but not the placebo period. There were also significant increases in total work, but not FI, after the Cr supplementation and placebo periods (P ≤ 0.05). Notably, there were differences in total work between the Cr and placebo groups after (P ≤ 0.05) but not before the 14 d supplementation period. Conclusion: There is substantial evidence to indicate that a low-dose, short-term oral Cr supplementation beneficially affected muscle power output in elite youth soccer players

Histologia comparativa entre conduto peritoniovaginal e saco herniário,em meninos com criptorquia e hérnia inguinal indireta

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-11T15:49:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 microsoft_word___tese_doutorado_parte_2___final.pdf: 3810986 bytes, checksum: 133e39c59064c66f72b8a7eca3e787d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 30Não está claro se o saco herniário e o conduto peritoniovaginal (CPV) são a mesma estrutura e apresentam histologia semelhante. Existem alguns estudos que investigaram a morfologia do saco herniário e do CPV e, a maioria deles, avaliou imunoistoquimicamente, a presença de estruturas específicas, principalmente a musculatura lisa, mas com pequeno número de pacientes. O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a histologia do saco herniário e do CPV obtidos de crianças do gênero masculino com hérnia inguinal e criptorquia. Realizamos análise histológica descritiva e qualitativa e sem o objetivo de pesquisar, especificamente, determinados tipo de tecidos. Fragmentos de CPV (n = 61) e de sacos herniários (n = 68) obtidos exclusivamente de meninos operados com criptorquia (n = 58) e hérnia inguinal (n = 64), respectivamente, foram corados pela técnica de hematoxilinaeosinapara análise por microscopia óptica, e foram avaliadas pela mesmapatologista. Ambos os grupos foram similares em relação à freqüência, idade, cor das crianças e lateralidade da afecção. Os principais achados histológicos foram semelhantes nos CPV e nos sacos herniários, e constaram de tecido conjuntivo, tecido nervoso, mesotélio, tecido muscular liso, tecido muscular estriado e remanescentes mesonéfricos, e não houve diferença estatística significante quando comparados. Concluindo, saco herniário e CPV compartilham histologia semelhantequando analisados qualitativamente através de microscopia óptica comhematoxilina-eosina.It is not clear if the hernia sac and processus vaginalis (PV) are the same structure and have similar histology. There are some studies investigating the morphology of hernia sac and the PV and most of them investigated immunohistochemically the presence of specific structures, mainly the smooth muscle, but with a small number of patients. The aim of the present study was to compare the histology of PV and hernia sacs obtained exclusively from boys with inguinal hernia, and undescended testis. We performed a general comparative histological study, without looking for specific tissues. Samples of PV (n = 61) and hernia sacs (n = 68) obtained from boys operated with undescended testis (n = 58) and inguinal hernia (n = 64) respectively, were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for optical qualitative microscope analysis. The histological structures of each group of samples were compared by the same pathologist. Both groups were similar regarding their frequency, age, race, and the side of the pathology. The most prevalent histological findings were connective tissue, smooth muscle, mesothelium, nervous elements, striated muscle and mesonephric remnants with no statistical difference between the groups. In conclusion, hernia sac and PV shares a similar histology when analyzed qualitatively by optical microscopy with hematoxylin-eosinstain

Skeletal Muscles with Antagonistic Muscular Actions: Morphological, Contractile and Metabolic Characteristics

The muscles can perform the same function in a specific segment (muscles of fast and slow contraction), and at the same time be antagonistic in relation to muscular action (flexors or extensors). The present research aimed to study the morphology, frequency and metabolism of fiber types and the contractile characteristics of extensor and flexors muscles of rabbit. We studied muscles anterior tibialis (AT), flexor digitorum supeficialis (FDS), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and posterior tibialis (PT). The muscles were submitted to the techniques HE, NADH-TR and myofibrillar ATPase. In EDL and PT extensor muscles, the frequencies of red (SO + FOG) and white fibers (FG) were 68.77% and 31.23% versus 58.87% and 41.13%, respectively. In the AT and FDS flexor muscles, these frequencies were 75.14% and 24.86% versus 73.89% and 26.11%, respectively. In extensor muscles, the percentage of slow contraction fibers was 8.05% in EDL and 9.74% in PT, and in fast contraction, 91.95% in EDL and 90.26% in PT. In flexors, the slow contraction frequencies were 12.35% in AT and 8.17% in FDS, and in fast contraction, 87.65% and 91.83%, respectively. Skeletal muscles with antagonistic muscular actions (flexors and extensors) the morphological, contractile and metabolic characteristics are identical.2741173117

BREATHING PATTERN DURING EXERCISE IN MYOPATHIC SUBJECTS

ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DEPT NEUROL,BR-04023 SAO PAULO,SP,BRAZILESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DEPT NEUROL,BR-04023 SAO PAULO,SP,BRAZILWeb of Scienc

Effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on endurance exercise performance of pregnant rats

Aims. - The present study evaluated the effects of BCAA supplementation on exercise performance of pregnant rats. Methods. - In order to assess these effects, Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sedentary not-supplemented (SNS, n = 8); sedentary supplemented (SS, n = 8); trained not-supplemented (TNS, n = 8) and trained supplemented (TS, n = 8). All groups were submitted to the endurance test until exhaustion (ET) and post-effort lactate (PEL) determination before pregnancy (ET-B and PEL-B) and at the 19th day of pregnancy (ET-19 and PEL-19). Results. - The endurance training significantly increased the ET time to exhaustion (p<0.05). Regardless of BCAA supplementation, both endurance trained groups (TS and TNS) showed a longer time to exhaustion, assessed by ET, compared with the sedentary groups (SS and SNS) (p < 0.05). In the TNS, ET-19 time to exhaustion decreased when compared with the period before pregnancy. On the other hand, ET-19 time to exhaustion was not affected in the TS at the end of the pregnancy period. In addition, TS showed a marked PEL-19 reduction when compared with PEL-B. The data presented herein suggest that BCAA supplementation plays an ergogenic role in the maintenance of exercise performance during pregnancy in rats. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)Ministry of Education, BrazilBioformula, Sao Paulo-Brazi

Skeletal Muscles With Antagonistic Muscular Actions: Morphological, Contractile And Metabolic Characteristics [músculo Esquelético Con Acción Muscular Antogonista:características Metabólicas, Contratiles Y Morfológicas]

The muscles can perform the same function in a specific segment (muscles of fast and slow contraction), and at the same time be antagonistic in relation to muscular action (flexors or extensors). The present research aimed to study the morphology, frequency and metabolism of fiber types and the contractile characteristics of extensor and flexors muscles of rabbit. We studied muscles anterior tibialis (AT), flexor digitorum supeficialis (FDS), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and posterior tibialis (PT). The muscles were submitted to the techniques HE, NADH-TR and myofibrillar ATPase. In EDL and PT extensor muscles, the frequencies of red (SO + FOG) and white fibers (FG) were 68.77% and 31.23% versus 58.87% and 41.13%, respectively. In the AT and FDS flexor muscles, these frequencies were 75.14% and 24.86% versus 73.89% and 26.11%, respectively. In extensor muscles, the percentage of slow contraction fibers was 8.05% in EDL and 9.74% in PT, and in fast contraction, 91.95% in EDL and 90.26% in PT. In flexors, the slow contraction frequencies were 12.35% in AT and 8.17% in FDS, and in fast contraction, 87.65% and 91.83%, respectively. Skeletal muscles with antagonistic muscular actions (flexors and extensors) the morphological, contractile and metabolic characteristics are identical.27411731178Ariano, M.A., Armstrong, R.B., Edgerton, V.R., Hind limb muscle fiber populations of five mammals (1973) J. Histochem. Cytochem, 21, pp. 51-66Ashley, A., Sutherland, H., Lanmüller, H., Russold, M.F., Unger, E., Bijak, M., Mayr, W., Jarvis, J.C., Atrophy, but not necrosis, in rabbit skeletal muscle denervated for periods up to one year (2007) Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol, 292, pp. 440-451Berquó, E.S., Souza, J.M.P., Gotlied, S.L.D., Souza, J.F.P., (1981) Bioestatística, p. 350. , São Paulo, Pedagógica e Universitária (EDUSP)Biral, D., Kern, H., Adami, N., Boncompagni, S., Protasi, F., Carraro, U., Atrophy-resistant fibers in permanent peripheral denervation of human skeletal muscle (2008) Neurol. Res, 30 (2), pp. 137-144Dubowitz, V., Brooke, M.H., (1972) Muscle Biopsy: A Modern Approach, p. 432. , Philadelphia, SaundersFlück, M., Hoppeler, H., Molecular basis of skeletal muscle plasticity from gene to form and function (2003) Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol, 146, pp. 156-216Galler, S., Wang, B.G., Kawai, M., Elementary steps of the cross-bridge cycle in fast-twitch fiber types from rabbit skeletal muscles (2005) Biophysical J, 89, pp. 3248-3260Goldspink, G., Changes in muscle and phenotype and the expression of autocrine and systemic growth factors by muscle in response to stretch and overload (1999) J. Anat, 19, pp. 323-334Gollnick, P.D., Músculo-esquelético: Estrutura e função (2003) Fisiologia Do Exercício. Energia, Nutrição E Desempenho Humano, p. 1113. , In: McArdley, W. D.Katch, F. I. & Katch, V. L, 5a ed. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara KooganGueguen, N., Lefaucheur, L., Fillaut, M., Herpin, P., Muscle fiber contractile type influences the regulation of mitochondrial function (2005) Mol. Cell. Biochem, 276 (1-2), pp. 15-20Hämäläinen, N., Pette, D., The histochemical profiles of fast fiber types IIB, IID, and IIA in skeletal muscles of mouse, rat, and rabbit (1993) J. Histochem. Cytochem, 41, pp. 733-743Hebel, R., Stromberg, M.W., (1976) Anatomy of The Laboratory Rat, p. 173. , Baltimore, William & Wilkins CompanyKarlsson, J., Jabobs, I., Músculo-esquelético: Estrutura e função (2003) Fisiologia Do Exercício. Energia, Nutrição E Desempenho Humano, p. 1113. , In: McArdley, W. D.Katch, F. I. & Katch, V. L, 5a ed., Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara KooganLarsson, L., Edström, L., Lindegren, B., Gorza, L., Schiaffino, S., MHC composition and enzyme-histochemical and physiological properties of a novel fast-twitch motor unit type (1991) Am. J. Physiol, 261, pp. 93-101McMannus, J.F.A., Mowry, R.W., Histochemical studies on developing mast cells (1964) Anat. Rec, 150, pp. 265-269McKoy, G., Léger, M.E., Bacou, F., Goldspink, G., Diferential expression of myosin heavy chain mRNA and protein isoforms in four functionally, diverse rabbit skeletal muscles during pre-and postnatal development (1998) Dev. Dyn, 211, pp. 81-100Pai-Silva, M.D., Ueda, A.K., Resende, L.A., Pai, V.D., Alves, A., Faleiros, A.T., Morphological aspects of rabbit masseter muscle after cervical sympathectomy (2001) Int. J. Exp. Pathol, 82 (2), pp. 123-128Peter, J.B., Barnard, R.J., Edgerton, V.R., Gilliespie, C.A., Stempel, K.E., Methabolic profiles of three fiber types of skeletal muscle in guinea pigs and rabbits (1972) Biochemistry, 11, pp. 2627-2637Prado, L.G., Makarendo, I., Andresen, C., Krüger, M., Optiz, C.A., Linke, W.A., Isoform diversity of giant proteins in relation to passive and active contractile properties of rabbit skeletal muscles (2005) J. Gen. Physiol, 126 (5), pp. 461-48