Pesticide poisoning in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, 1992/2002

As notificações de intoxicações e tentativas de suicídio provocadas por agrotóxicos na microrregião de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, entre 1992 e 2002, foram avaliadas baseando-se nos registros do Centro Integrado de Vigilância Toxicológica da Secretaria de Saúde do estado. Foram notificadas 475 ocorrências no período, sendo 261 intoxicações (acidental ou ocupacional), 203 tentativas de suicídio e 11 eventos de causa indeterminada. O Município de Dourados apresentou a maior prevalência de intoxicações, por 100 mil habitantes, considerando a população rural, e Fátima do Sul a segunda maior prevalência de suicídios na microrregião. Correlações significativas foram encontradas entre intoxicação e tentativa de suicídio (r = 0,60; p < 0,05), e entre intoxicação e razão entre a área ocupada por culturas temporárias e área total do município (r = 0,68; p < 0,05). As intoxicações ocorreram predominantemente com homens (87,0%), mas a diferença entre tentativas de suicídio em homens e mulheres não foi acentuada (53,0 e 47,0%, respectivamente). Os eventos ocorreram principalmente entre outubro e março, e os inseticidas organofosforados monocrotofós e metamidofós foram os principais agrotóxicos envolvidos.Reports of poisoning and suicide attempts involving pesticides in the micro region of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, from 1992 to 2002, were evaluated, using data from the Integrated Center for Toxicological Surveillance under the State Health Department. A total of 475 reports were made during the period, of which 261 were accidental or occupational poisonings, 203 suicide attempts, and 11 undetermined. Dourados county had the highest prevalence of pesticide poisoning and suicide attempts per 100,000 inhabitants, considering the rural population, and Fátima do Sul the second highest prevalence of suicides within the micro region. Significant correlations were found between poisoning and suicide (r = 0.60; p < 0.05) and between poisoning and temporary crop area as a percentage of the county's total area (r = 0.68; p < 0.05). Poisoning occurred predominantly in men (87.0%), but the percentage of suicide attempts by men and women were similar (53 and 47.0%, respectively). Poisonings occurred mostly from October to March and the organophosphate insecticides monocrotophos and methamidophos were the main pesticides involved

Pesticide use and suicide in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

As prevalências das tentativas de suicídio provocadas pela exposição a agrotóxicos de uso agrícola no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, ocorridas entre janeiro 1992 a dezembro 2002, foram avaliadas baseadas nos registros das notificações de intoxicação do Centro Integrado de Vigilância Toxicológica da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado. Dados populacionais e de produção agrícola foram obtidos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, e dados de suicídio por causas diversas da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde. Foram registradas 1.355 notificações de intoxicação, sendo 506 tentativas de suicídio que levaram a 139 óbitos. As microrregiões de Campo Grande e Dourados apresentam as maiores prevalências de tentativas de suicídio. Alta prevalência de suicídios por causas diversas também foi observada em Dourados, com uma tendência de crescimento nos últimos dez anos. Os resultados deste estudo indicaram a microrregião de Dourados como uma das mais críticas do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul com relação à ingestão voluntária de agrotóxicos, demonstrando a necessidade de um programa de vigilância epidemiológica para melhor investigar estes eventos na população rural da região.Prevalence of suicide with pesticides in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, was evaluated based on data from the Integrated State Center for Toxicological Surveillance under the State Health Department and reported from January 1992 to December 2002. Population and crop production data were collected from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and suicide data were obtained from the State Health Department. During the period studied, 1,355 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported, including 506 suicide attempts, resulting in 139 deaths. The regions of Campo Grande and Dourados had the highest prevalence of suicide attempts, with Dourados having the most deaths. Dourados also had a high prevalence of suicide attempts overall, with an increasing trend in the previous 10 years. The results indicated that Dourados is a critical region in the State in terms of intentional ingestion of pesticides, showing the need for an epidemiological investigation to better evaluate and quantify these events among the rural population

Comparison between adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence and aerobic colony count to assess surface sanitation in the hospital environment

Background: Adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence produced by the firefly luciferase has been successfullyintroduced to verify cleaning procedures in the food industry according to the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Pointprogram.Our aim was to evaluate the reliability of bioluminescence as a tool to monitor the effectiveness of sanitation in healthcaresettings, in comparison with the microbiological gold standard.Methods: 614 surfaces of various material were randomly sampled in Policlinico University Hospital units in Palermo,Italy, to detect adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence and aerobic colony count. Linear regression model andPearson correlation coefficient were used to estimate the relationship between the two variables of the study.Results: Aerobic colony count median was 1.71 colony forming units/cm2 (interquartile range = 3.8), whereasadenosine triphosphate median was 59.9 relative light units/cm2 (interquartile range = 128.3). Pearson coefficientR2 was 0.09. Sensitivity and specificity of bioluminescence test with respect to microbiology were 46% and 71%,whereas positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 53% and 65%, respectively.Conclusion: According to our results, there seemed to be no linear correlation between aerobic colony countand adenosine triphosphate values, suggesting that current bioluminescence technology has not any proportionalrelationships with culturable microbes contaminating environmental surfaces in health-care settings

Patients perception of ionising radiation risks in CT ionising exposure. Does dose bill works?

Communicating to patients the magnitude of risk related to ionizing radiation exposure is problematic because of the uncertainty in estimates derived principally from epidemiological studies of large populations [1-6]. Euratom directive 59/2013 requires that dose bill will be part of the radiological report in European Countries [7]. However, how a risk is framed has a profound effect on risk perception. To date, no previous studies evaluated which could be the best way to make patient friendly dose bill. Our aim was to evaluate patients' perception of radiation exposure related to routine CT and their understanding after dose bill

THE ROLE OF DWI SEQUENCES IN PRECLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE SACROILIAC JOINTS ANOMALIES IN PATIENTS WITH CROHN'S DISEASE. OUR EXPERIENCE

The purpose of this study is to establish the role to confer to diffusion weighted sequences (DWI) in the detection of early stage of sacroileitis in patients with Crohn's Disease (CD)

MRI DEFECOGRAPHY: TECHNIQUE, INDICATIONS AND CLINICAL FINDINGS NOT ONLY IN OBSTRUCTED DEFECATION SYNDROME

This education poster aims to share our personal experience about the MRI defecography, even though there is no general agreement about the technical and methodical details of the exam, also to improve knowledge about when and how is important to suggest MRI

MYC Rearranged Aggressive B-Cell Lymphomas: A Report on 100 Patients of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL)

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text