85 research outputs found

    The V-Y Latissimus Dorsi Musculocutaneous Flap in the Reconstruction of Large Posterior Chest Wall Defects

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    Posterior chest wall defects are frequently encountered after excision of tumors as a result of trauma or in the setting of wound dehiscence after spine surgery. Various pedicled fasciocutaneous and musculocutaneous flaps have been described for the coverage of these wounds. The advent of perforator flaps has allowed the preservation of muscle function but their bulk is limited. Musculocutaneous flaps remain widely employed. The trapezius and the latissimus dorsi (LD) flaps have been used extensively for upper and middle posterior chest wounds, respectively. Their bulk allows for obliteration of the dead space in deep wounds. The average width of the LD skin paddle is limited to 10-12cm if closure of the donor site is expected without skin grafting. In 2001 a modification of the skin paddle design was introduced in order to allow large flaps to be raised without requiring grafts or flaps for donor site closure. This V-Y pattern allows coverage of large anterior chest defects after mastectomy. We have modified this flap to allow its use for posterior chest wall defects. We describe the flap design, its indications, and its limitations with three clinical cases. Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors at www.springer.com/0026

    A new model for preclinical testing of dermal substitutes for human skin reconstruction

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    BACKGROUND: Currently, acellular dermal substitutes used for skin reconstruction are usually covered with split-thickness skin grafts. The goal of this study was to develop an animal model in which such dermal substitutes can be tested under standardized conditions using a bioengineered dermo-epidermal skin graft for coverage. METHODS: Bioengineered grafts consisting of collagen type I hydrogels with incorporated human fibroblasts and human keratinocytes seeded on these gels were produced. Two different dermal substitutes, namely Matriderm(Ÿ), and an acellular collagen type I hydrogel, were applied onto full-thickness skin wounds created on the back of immuno-incompetent rats. As control, no dermal substitute was used. As coverage for the dermal substitutes either the bioengineered grafts were used, or, as controls, human split-thickness skin or neonatal rat epidermis were used. Grafts were excised 21 days post-transplantation. Histology and immunofluorescence was performed to investigate survival, epidermis formation, and vascularization of the grafts. RESULTS: The bioengineered grafts survived on all tested dermal substitutes. Epidermis formation and vascularization were comparable to the controls. CONCLUSION: We could successfully use human bioengineered grafts to test different dermal substitutes. This novel model can be used to investigate newly designed dermal substitutes in detail and in a standardized way

    Assessment of 1210 nm laser-diode system for keloid treatment : experimental and clinical studies

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    IntroductionLes cicatrices chĂ©loĂŻdes (CC) sont des pathologies de la cicatrisation cutanĂ©e entraĂźnant des gĂȘnes fonctionnelles et esthĂ©tiques souvent invalidantes. Elles sont liĂ©es Ă  un excĂšs de fabrication et une dĂ©sorganisation du collagĂšne liĂ© en parti Ă  un dĂ©rĂšglement du TGFÎČ. Les lasers thermiques permettent d'amĂ©liorer la cicatrisation par le biais d'une modification de la rĂ©ponse inflammatoire. En effet, une Ă©lĂ©vation de la tempĂ©rature entre 45 et 53°C entraine une hyperexpression des HSP 70, responsables d’une modification de l’expression du TGFÎČ. Le laser diode 810nm a dĂ©jĂ  prouvĂ© son efficacitĂ© mais il est contre indiquĂ© chez les sujets de phototypes foncĂ©s qui sont les plus Ă  risque de dĂ©velopper des CC. L'objectif de ce travail Ă©tait d'Ă©valuer l'effet d’un laser thermique sur les cicatrices chĂ©loĂŻdes chez l’animal et dans le cadre d’une Ă©tude clinique.DĂ©termination des paramĂštres su laserDes Ă©tudes sur des explants de peau, puis sur des sujets volontaires sains ont permis de montrer que la longueur d’onde 1210 nm Ă©tait la plus adaptĂ©e dans cette indication car elle est peu absorbĂ©e par la mĂ©lanine. Le choix des paramĂštres du laser ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ©s afin d’obtenir une Ă©lĂ©vation contrĂŽlĂ©e de la tempĂ©rature cutanĂ©e. En thĂ©orie, un tir de laser diode 1210 nm, 5.1W/cmÂČ pendant 10 secondes permet d’élever la tempĂ©rature jusqu’à 53°C.Mise au point d’un modĂšle animal de CCIl n’existe pas de modĂšle animal de CC permettant d’étudier l’effet d’un laser. Nous avons donc mis au point un modĂšle pour le besoin de l’étude. Des fragments de CC humaines comprenant le derme et l’épiderme ont Ă©tĂ© greffĂ©s chez 40 souris nudes. Une Ă©valuation clinique et histologique a permis de confirmer la bonne intĂ©gration du greffon et la persistance de son caractĂšre chĂ©loĂŻde pendant 4 mois.Etude du laser diode 1210nm chez un modĂšle animal de CCUne Ă©tude du laser 1210 nm a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e sur notre modĂšle animal. Il a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© des tirs de laser directement sur les greffons et des Ă©valuations cliniques et histologiques ont permis de montrer l’absence d’effet indĂ©sirable. La mesure de la tempĂ©rature cutanĂ©e au moment du tir de laser Ă©tait de 45°C en moyenne.Etude du laser diode 1210nm aprĂšs excision intra chĂ©loĂŻdienne : Ă©tude cliniqueParallĂšlement Ă  l’étude animale, il a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© une Ă©tude pilote visant Ă  Ă©valuer la faisabilitĂ© et la sĂ©curitĂ© d’un protocole de traitement des cicatrices chĂ©loĂŻdes utilisant le laser diode 1210nm. Il Ă©tait rĂ©alisĂ© une excision intra cicatricielle, puis la suture Ă©tait irradiĂ©e par le laser 1210nm pendant environs 10 secondes. 20 patients ont Ă©tĂ© inclus dans l’étude. L’objectif de suivi Ă©tait de 2 ans, mais l’étude est toujours en cours. Jusqu’à prĂ©sent, il n’a Ă©tĂ© notĂ© aucun effet dĂ©lĂ©tĂšre du laser. 8 patients ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’injections de corticoĂŻdes en raison de rĂ©cidive de la chĂ©loĂŻde Ă  6 mois.ConclusionCe travail Ă  permis de mettre au point un modĂšle animal original de cicatrice chĂ©loĂŻde permettant pour la premiĂšre fois l’étude des lasers in vivo. L’utilisation du laser 1210nm, 5.1W/cm2, pendant 10 secondes Ă  entrainĂ© une Ă©lĂ©vation de la tempĂ©rature cutanĂ©e jusqu’à 45°C en moyenne sans aucun effet dĂ©lĂ©tĂšre sur la CC chez la souris. L’utilisation du laser thermique diode 1210 nm aprĂšs une rĂ©section intra chĂ©loĂŻdienne n’a montrĂ© aucun signe de toxicitĂ© chez l’homme. La tempĂ©rature cutanĂ©e Ă©tait de 48°C en moyenne Ă  la fin du tir. Une Ă©tude Ă  plus grande Ă©chelle reste encore Ă  rĂ©aliser afin de dĂ©montrer une efficacitĂ© de ce traitement prometteur.Introduction Keloid scars (KS) are pathologies of skin healing causing often functional and aesthetic disturbances. They are linked to excess production and disorganization of collagen mostly due to TGF bĂȘta; overproduction. The thermal lasers can improve healing through a modification of the inflammatory response. Indeed, a rise of temperature between 45 and 53 ° C leads to an overexpression of HSP 70, which causes a change in the expression of TGF bĂȘta;. The 810nm laser diode has already proven to be effective but its wavelength cannot used on dark phototypes who are prone to developing KS.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a thermal laser on keloids in animal and in the context of a clinical study.Determination of laser parameters Studies on skin explants, and on healthy volunteers have shown that 1210 nm was the most suitable wavelength for this indication because it is poorly absorbed by melanin. The laser parameters were also carefully determined in order to control the skin temperature elevation. For a 1210 nm laser diode, an irradiance of 5.1W/cmÂČ for 10 seconds leads to a maximum temperature of 53 ° C.Development of a KS animal model. Since, there was no KS animal model of DC , an innovative one was developed for this specific study. Fragments of human KS including the dermis and epidermis were transplanted in 40 nude mice. A clinical and histological evaluation confirmed the successful integration of the graft. At 4 months, it was proven that the KS remained unchanged. Study of the 1210nm diode laser in an KS animal modelThe 1210 nm laser was evaluated on our KS animal model. Laser irradiation was performed on the grafts. Clinical and histological evaluations have shown no adverse reactions. A 45 ° C mean temperature was recorded during laser irradiation .Study of l the 1210nm diode laser after intrakeloid excision. Parallel to the animal study, a pilot study was performed to assess the feasibility and safety of a 1210nm diode laser irradiation. An intrakeloid excision was achieved; the suture was then irradiated for about 10 seconds. 20 patients were included in the study. The study is still ongoing. A 2-year follow up is scheduled. So far, it was noted that no harmful effects of the laser. 8 patients received injections of corticosteroids due to of keloid recurrence at six months.conclusionAn original KS animal model was developed for the first time to study of the in vivo effects of laser irradiation. It was demonstrated that a 1210nm diode laser (5.1W/cmÂČ, for 10 seconds) led to a 45°C skin temperature without any deleterious effect. The 1210 nm diode laser after intrakeloid excision showed no signs of toxicity in humans. In humans, the maximum temperature was 48 ° C +/- 3°C . A long term follow-up on a large series of patients is still necessary to confirm the effectiveness of this promising treatment

    Etude de l’effet de l’hyperthermie sĂ©lective induite par laser diode 1210 nm sur les cicatrices chĂ©loĂŻdes : Ă©tude expĂ©rimentale et clinique

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    Introduction Keloid scars (KS) are pathologies of skin healing causing often functional and aesthetic disturbances. They are linked to excess production and disorganization of collagen mostly due to TGF bĂȘta; overproduction. The thermal lasers can improve healing through a modification of the inflammatory response. Indeed, a rise of temperature between 45 and 53 ° C leads to an overexpression of HSP 70, which causes a change in the expression of TGF bĂȘta;. The 810nm laser diode has already proven to be effective but its wavelength cannot used on dark phototypes who are prone to developing KS.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a thermal laser on keloids in animal and in the context of a clinical study.Determination of laser parameters Studies on skin explants, and on healthy volunteers have shown that 1210 nm was the most suitable wavelength for this indication because it is poorly absorbed by melanin. The laser parameters were also carefully determined in order to control the skin temperature elevation. For a 1210 nm laser diode, an irradiance of 5.1W/cmÂČ for 10 seconds leads to a maximum temperature of 53 ° C.Development of a KS animal model. Since, there was no KS animal model of DC , an innovative one was developed for this specific study. Fragments of human KS including the dermis and epidermis were transplanted in 40 nude mice. A clinical and histological evaluation confirmed the successful integration of the graft. At 4 months, it was proven that the KS remained unchanged. Study of the 1210nm diode laser in an KS animal modelThe 1210 nm laser was evaluated on our KS animal model. Laser irradiation was performed on the grafts. Clinical and histological evaluations have shown no adverse reactions. A 45 ° C mean temperature was recorded during laser irradiation .Study of l the 1210nm diode laser after intrakeloid excision. Parallel to the animal study, a pilot study was performed to assess the feasibility and safety of a 1210nm diode laser irradiation. An intrakeloid excision was achieved; the suture was then irradiated for about 10 seconds. 20 patients were included in the study. The study is still ongoing. A 2-year follow up is scheduled. So far, it was noted that no harmful effects of the laser. 8 patients received injections of corticosteroids due to of keloid recurrence at six months.conclusionAn original KS animal model was developed for the first time to study of the in vivo effects of laser irradiation. It was demonstrated that a 1210nm diode laser (5.1W/cmÂČ, for 10 seconds) led to a 45°C skin temperature without any deleterious effect. The 1210 nm diode laser after intrakeloid excision showed no signs of toxicity in humans. In humans, the maximum temperature was 48 ° C +/- 3°C . A long term follow-up on a large series of patients is still necessary to confirm the effectiveness of this promising treatment.IntroductionLes cicatrices chĂ©loĂŻdes (CC) sont des pathologies de la cicatrisation cutanĂ©e entraĂźnant des gĂȘnes fonctionnelles et esthĂ©tiques souvent invalidantes. Elles sont liĂ©es Ă  un excĂšs de fabrication et une dĂ©sorganisation du collagĂšne liĂ© en parti Ă  un dĂ©rĂšglement du TGFÎČ. Les lasers thermiques permettent d'amĂ©liorer la cicatrisation par le biais d'une modification de la rĂ©ponse inflammatoire. En effet, une Ă©lĂ©vation de la tempĂ©rature entre 45 et 53°C entraine une hyperexpression des HSP 70, responsables d’une modification de l’expression du TGFÎČ. Le laser diode 810nm a dĂ©jĂ  prouvĂ© son efficacitĂ© mais il est contre indiquĂ© chez les sujets de phototypes foncĂ©s qui sont les plus Ă  risque de dĂ©velopper des CC. L'objectif de ce travail Ă©tait d'Ă©valuer l'effet d’un laser thermique sur les cicatrices chĂ©loĂŻdes chez l’animal et dans le cadre d’une Ă©tude clinique.DĂ©termination des paramĂštres su laserDes Ă©tudes sur des explants de peau, puis sur des sujets volontaires sains ont permis de montrer que la longueur d’onde 1210 nm Ă©tait la plus adaptĂ©e dans cette indication car elle est peu absorbĂ©e par la mĂ©lanine. Le choix des paramĂštres du laser ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ©s afin d’obtenir une Ă©lĂ©vation contrĂŽlĂ©e de la tempĂ©rature cutanĂ©e. En thĂ©orie, un tir de laser diode 1210 nm, 5.1W/cmÂČ pendant 10 secondes permet d’élever la tempĂ©rature jusqu’à 53°C.Mise au point d’un modĂšle animal de CCIl n’existe pas de modĂšle animal de CC permettant d’étudier l’effet d’un laser. Nous avons donc mis au point un modĂšle pour le besoin de l’étude. Des fragments de CC humaines comprenant le derme et l’épiderme ont Ă©tĂ© greffĂ©s chez 40 souris nudes. Une Ă©valuation clinique et histologique a permis de confirmer la bonne intĂ©gration du greffon et la persistance de son caractĂšre chĂ©loĂŻde pendant 4 mois.Etude du laser diode 1210nm chez un modĂšle animal de CCUne Ă©tude du laser 1210 nm a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e sur notre modĂšle animal. Il a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© des tirs de laser directement sur les greffons et des Ă©valuations cliniques et histologiques ont permis de montrer l’absence d’effet indĂ©sirable. La mesure de la tempĂ©rature cutanĂ©e au moment du tir de laser Ă©tait de 45°C en moyenne.Etude du laser diode 1210nm aprĂšs excision intra chĂ©loĂŻdienne : Ă©tude cliniqueParallĂšlement Ă  l’étude animale, il a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© une Ă©tude pilote visant Ă  Ă©valuer la faisabilitĂ© et la sĂ©curitĂ© d’un protocole de traitement des cicatrices chĂ©loĂŻdes utilisant le laser diode 1210nm. Il Ă©tait rĂ©alisĂ© une excision intra cicatricielle, puis la suture Ă©tait irradiĂ©e par le laser 1210nm pendant environs 10 secondes. 20 patients ont Ă©tĂ© inclus dans l’étude. L’objectif de suivi Ă©tait de 2 ans, mais l’étude est toujours en cours. Jusqu’à prĂ©sent, il n’a Ă©tĂ© notĂ© aucun effet dĂ©lĂ©tĂšre du laser. 8 patients ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’injections de corticoĂŻdes en raison de rĂ©cidive de la chĂ©loĂŻde Ă  6 mois.ConclusionCe travail Ă  permis de mettre au point un modĂšle animal original de cicatrice chĂ©loĂŻde permettant pour la premiĂšre fois l’étude des lasers in vivo. L’utilisation du laser 1210nm, 5.1W/cm2, pendant 10 secondes Ă  entrainĂ© une Ă©lĂ©vation de la tempĂ©rature cutanĂ©e jusqu’à 45°C en moyenne sans aucun effet dĂ©lĂ©tĂšre sur la CC chez la souris. L’utilisation du laser thermique diode 1210 nm aprĂšs une rĂ©section intra chĂ©loĂŻdienne n’a montrĂ© aucun signe de toxicitĂ© chez l’homme. La tempĂ©rature cutanĂ©e Ă©tait de 48°C en moyenne Ă  la fin du tir. Une Ă©tude Ă  plus grande Ă©chelle reste encore Ă  rĂ©aliser afin de dĂ©montrer une efficacitĂ© de ce traitement prometteur

    Application of Dermal Skin Substitutes for Hand and Finger Palmar Soft Tissue Loss.

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    Restoring function after traumatic defects of the palm is a reconstructive challenge, considering the need for flexible, elastic, and resistant skin. Dermal skin substitutes are biologically engineered materials composed of collagen and glycosaminoglycan, devoid of cellular structures. These biodegradable materials act as artificial dermis and stimulate neovascularization: they have been used for many years, mainly on the dorsal side of the hand and fingers, whereas the palmar side of the hand has been generally addressed by local flaps. In this study, we described our experience with dermal skin substitutes in two cases of palmar defects associated with exposed tendinous structures. Coverage of palmar defects in hand and fingers with dermal substitute and split thickness skin graft was performed on two patients. Both patients presented palmar-only loss of tissue (traumatic palmar amputation in the first patient and degloving-type injury in the second patient). Range of motion, functional outcomes, and satisfaction and aesthetical results were evaluated. The resulting skin showed good quality, thickness, pliability, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score. Additionally, the patients regained full range of motion and reported high satisfaction. The association of split thickness skin graft with dermal substitutes in palmar traumatic hand showed optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes. Although being more adapted to dorsal loss of substance, collagen-based dermal substitutes can also be useful reconstructive tools in palmar defects with exposed structures and could be used to a larger extent in the future

    Treatment of a mastoid defect by free anterolateral thigh flap

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    International audienc

    Technical refinement of Stenström otoplasty procedure

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    International audienc
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