O pagamento do auxílio moradia aos magistrados : entre o dever de transparência e a moralidade administrativa

Orientador: Emerson GabardoMonografia (Graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Curso de Graduação em DireitoResumo: A presente dissertação tem por objeto a realização de análise acerca do pagamento do benefício do auxílio-moradia aos magistrados brasileiros. Para viabilizar tal análise, foi verificada a necessidade ou não da vinculação da Administração Pública - que, conforme se explica ao longo da dissertação, é termo abrangente e que engloba o Poder Judiciário por determinação constitucional e infraconstitucional – aos princípios constitucionais da publicidade, da moralidade e da legalidade. Em seguida, realizou-se uma rápida incursão no tema do princípio da supremacia do interesse público sobre o interesse privado que, conforme se busca demonstrar, parece ser o fundamento de existência dos demais princípios comentados. Na mesma oportunidade, realizou-se rápida análise acerca da Lei de Acesso à Informação, cujos dispositivos pretendem facilitar a transparência da Administração Pública, assim como se ventilou a possibilidade afirmada pela legislação de realização de controle social dos atos do Poder Público. Fez-se, em momento posterior, análise do cumprimento do princípio da publicidade, no que tange à sua faceta da transparência, pelos sites dos Tribunais analisados no trabalho – Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Paraná, Seção Judiciária do Estado do Paraná, Tribunal Regional Federal da 4ª Região, Superior Tribunal de Justiça e Supremo Tribunal Federal. O segundo capítulo deste trabalho abrange a verificação da necessidade de vinculação e observância dos princípios da moralidade e legalidade administrativa, de modo que ao final desta análise, discorreu-se acerca da compatibilidade da concessão do auxílio-moradia com a noção de ética que veicula através de um senso comum. Ao final, fez-se uma provocação acerca da possibilidade de a concessão do auxílio-moradia ser inconstitucional, que é o que se crê após a finalização deste trabalho

Sex-related differences in risk factors, type of treatment received and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation and acute stroke: Results from the RAF-study (Early Recurrence and Cerebral Bleeding in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is an independent risk factor of thromboembolism. Women with atrial fibrillation are at a higher overall risk for stroke compared to men with atrial fibrillation. The aim of this study was to evaluate for sex differences in patients with acute stroke and atrial fibrillation, regarding risk factors, treatments received and outcomes. Methods Data were analyzed from the “Recurrence and Cerebral Bleeding in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation” (RAF-study), a prospective, multicenter, international study including only patients with acute stroke and atrial fibrillation. Patients were followed up for 90 days. Disability was measured by the modified Rankin Scale (0–2 favorable outcome, 3–6 unfavorable outcome). Results: Of the 1029 patients enrolled, 561 were women (54.5%) (p < 0.001) and younger (p < 0.001) compared to men. In patients with known atrial fibrillation, women were less likely to receive oral anticoagulants before index stroke (p = 0.026) and were less likely to receive anticoagulants after stroke (71.3% versus 78.4%, p = 0.01). There was no observed sex difference regarding the time of starting anticoagulant therapy between the two groups (6.4 ± 11.7 days for men versus 6.5 ± 12.4 days for women, p = 0.902). Men presented with more severe strokes at onset (mean NIHSS 9.2 ± 6.9 versus 8.1 ± 7.5, p < 0.001). Within 90 days, 46 (8.2%) recurrent ischemic events (stroke/TIA/systemic embolism) and 19 (3.4%) symptomatic cerebral bleedings were found in women compared to 30 (6.4%) and 18 (3.8%) in men (p = 0.28 and p = 0.74). At 90 days, 57.7% of women were disabled or deceased, compared to 41.1% of the men (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis did not confirm this significance. Conclusions: Women with atrial fibrillation were less likely to receive oral anticoagulants prior to and after stroke compared to men with atrial fibrillation, and when stroke occurred, regardless of the fact that in our study women were younger and with less severe stroke, outcomes did not differ between the sexes

Long-term organoid culture of a small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are rare and highly heterogeneous neoplasms whose incidence has markedly increased over the last decades. A grading system based on the tumor cells’ proliferation index predicts high-risk for G3 NETs. However, low-to-intermediate grade (G1/G2) NETs have an unpredictable clinical course that varies from indolent to highly malignant. Cultures of human cancer cells enable to perform functional perturbation analyses that are instrumental to enhance our understanding of cancer biology. To date, no tractable and reliable long-term culture of G1/G2 NET has been reported to permit disease modeling and pharmacological screens. Here, we report of the first long-term culture of a G2 metastatic small intestinal NET that preserves the main genetic drivers of the tumor and retains expression patterns of the endocrine cell lineage. Replicating the tissue, this long-term culture showed a low proliferation index, and yet it could be propagated continuously without dramatic changes in the karyotype. The model was readily available for pharmacological screens using targeted agents and as expected, showed low tumorigenic capacity in vivo. Overall, this is the first long-term culture of NETs to faithfully recapitulate many aspects of the original neuroendocrine tumor

Hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke patients and atrial fibrillation: time to initiation of anticoagulants and outcome

Background: In patients with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation, early anticoagulation prevents ischemic recurrence but with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT). The aims of this study were to evaluate in consecutive patients with acute stroke and atrial fibrillation (1) the incidence of early HT, (2) the time to initiation of anticoagulation in patients with HT, (3) the association of HT with ischemic recurrences, and (4) the association of HT with clinical outcome at 90 days. Methods and Results: HT was diagnosed by a second brain computed tomographic scan performed 24 to 72 hours after stroke onset. The incidence of ischemic recurrences as well as mortality or disability (modified Rankin Scale scores >2) were evaluated at 90 days. Ischemic recurrences were the composite of ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or systemic embolism. Among the 2183 patients included in the study, 241 (11.0%) had HT. Patients with and without HT initiated anticoagulant therapy after a mean 23.3 and 11.6 days, respectively, from index stroke. At 90 days, 4.6% (95% confidence interval, 2.3–8.0) of the patients with HT had ischemic recurrences compared with 4.9% (95% confidence interval, 4.0–6.0) of those without HT; 53.1% of patients with HT were deceased or disabled compared with 35.8% of those without HT. On multivariable analysis, HT was associated with mortality or disability (odds ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–2.35). Conclusions: In patients with HT, anticoagulation was initiated about 12 days later than patients without HT. This delay was not associated with increased detection of ischemic recurrence. HT was associated with increased mortality or disability

Timing of initiation of oral anticoagulants in patients with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation comparing posterior and anterior circulation strokes

Background: The aim of this study in patients with acute posterior ischemic stroke (PS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) were to evaluate the risks of recurrent ischemic event and severe bleeding and these risks in relation with oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) and its timing. Methods: Patients with PS were prospectively included; the outcome events of these patients were compared with those of patients with anterior stroke (AS) which were taken from previous registries. The primary outcome was the composite of: stroke recurrence, TIA, symptomatic systemic embolism, symptomatic cerebral bleeding and major extracranial bleeding occurring within 90 days from acute stroke. Results: A total of 2,470 patients were available for the analysis: 473 (19.1%) with PS and 1,997 (80.9%) AS. Over 90 days, 213 (8.6%) primary outcome events were recorded: 175 (8.7%) in patients with AS and 38 (8.0%) in those with PS. In patients who initiated OAT within 2 days, the primary outcome occurred in 5 out of 95 patients (5.3%) with PS compared to 21 out of 373 patients (4.3%) with AS (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.39-2.94). In patients who initiated OAT between days 3 and 7, the primary outcome occurred in 3 out of 103 patients (2.9%) with PS compared to 26 out of 490 patients (5.3%) with AS (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.16-1.80). Conclusions: Patients with posterior or anterior stroke and AF appear to have similar risks of ischemic or hemorrhagic events at 90 days with no difference concerning the timing of initiation of OAT

Anticoagulation After Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation : To Bridge or Not With Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin?

Background and Purpose- Bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin reportedly leads to a worse outcome for acute cardioembolic stroke patients because of a higher incidence of intracerebral bleeding. However, this practice is common in clinical settings. This observational study aimed to compare (1) the clinical profiles of patients receiving and not receiving bridging therapy, (2) overall group outcomes, and (3) outcomes according to the type of anticoagulant prescribed. Methods- We analyzed data of patients from the prospective RAF and RAF-NOACs studies. The primary outcome was defined as the composite of ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, systemic embolism, symptomatic cerebral bleeding, and major extracerebral bleeding observed at 90 days after the acute stroke. Results- Of 1810 patients who initiated oral anticoagulant therapy, 371 (20%) underwent bridging therapy with full-dose low-molecular-weight heparin. Older age and the presence of leukoaraiosis were inversely correlated with the use of bridging therapy. Forty-two bridged patients (11.3%) reached the combined outcome versus 72 (5.0%) of the nonbridged patients (P=0.0001). At multivariable analysis, bridging therapy was associated with the composite end point (odds ratio, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.4-3.7; P Conclusions- Our findings suggest that patients receiving low-molecular-weight heparin have a higher risk of early ischemic recurrence and hemorrhagic transformation compared with nonbridged patients.Peer reviewe

Aristotle’s comparative logic: a modest proposal

Both W.D. Ross's and J. Brunschwig's editions of Aristotle's Topics contain the following passage: ἔτι εἰ τοῦ αὐτοῦ τινος τὸ μὲν μᾶλλον τὸ δὲ ἧττον τοιοῦτο· καὶ εἰ τὸ μὲν τοιούτου μᾶλλον τοιοῦτο, τὸ δὲ μὴ τοιούτου, δῆλον ὅτι τὸ πϱῶτον μᾶλλον τοιοῦτο. (Γ 119 a20-2) The passage is translated in the revised Oxford translation as follows: ‘Moreover, if in any character one thing exceeds and another falls short of the same standard; also, if the one exceeds something which possesses the character, while the other exceeds something which does not, then clearly the first thing exhibits that character in a greater degree’.</jats:p

O pagamento do auxílio moradia aos magistrados : entre o dever de transparência e a moralidade administrativa

Orientador: Emerson GabardoMonografia (Graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Curso de Graduação em DireitoResumo: A presente dissertação tem por objeto a realização de análise acerca do pagamento do benefício do auxílio-moradia aos magistrados brasileiros. Para viabilizar tal análise, foi verificada a necessidade ou não da vinculação da Administração Pública - que, conforme se explica ao longo da dissertação, é termo abrangente e que engloba o Poder Judiciário por determinação constitucional e infraconstitucional – aos princípios constitucionais da publicidade, da moralidade e da legalidade. Em seguida, realizou-se uma rápida incursão no tema do princípio da supremacia do interesse público sobre o interesse privado que, conforme se busca demonstrar, parece ser o fundamento de existência dos demais princípios comentados. Na mesma oportunidade, realizou-se rápida análise acerca da Lei de Acesso à Informação, cujos dispositivos pretendem facilitar a transparência da Administração Pública, assim como se ventilou a possibilidade afirmada pela legislação de realização de controle social dos atos do Poder Público. Fez-se, em momento posterior, análise do cumprimento do princípio da publicidade, no que tange à sua faceta da transparência, pelos sites dos Tribunais analisados no trabalho – Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Paraná, Seção Judiciária do Estado do Paraná, Tribunal Regional Federal da 4ª Região, Superior Tribunal de Justiça e Supremo Tribunal Federal. O segundo capítulo deste trabalho abrange a verificação da necessidade de vinculação e observância dos princípios da moralidade e legalidade administrativa, de modo que ao final desta análise, discorreu-se acerca da compatibilidade da concessão do auxílio-moradia com a noção de ética que veicula através de um senso comum. Ao final, fez-se uma provocação acerca da possibilidade de a concessão do auxílio-moradia ser inconstitucional, que é o que se crê após a finalização deste trabalho