The processes in film-forming solution based on tetraethoxysilane, phosphoric acid and calcium chloride

Physical and chemical patterns film-forming ethanol solution based on tetraethoxysilane, orthophosphoric acid and calcium chloride have been determined. Methods of photon correlation spectrometry and electrophoresis showed that colloidal particles with size up to 25 nm are formed in the film-forming solutions. Their stability is maintained during one day, and then CaHPO[4] precipitates from the film-forming solutions. Methods of X-ray analysis, scanning electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy have shown that the dried coating solution after precipitation of CaHPO4 consists of CaClH[2]PO[4]·H[2]O and SiO[2]. The formation of these substances is due to the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and interaction calciumchloride with orthophosphoric acid

Food security of Russia in the context of import substitution

The article analyses the conditions for ensuring food security of Russia with account for the factors of import substitution and policy implementation. It describes the theoretical approaches in research of problem of food security. The authors define the need in modern conditions of self-sustainment of the country's basic foodstuffs. The changes in food import volumes and agricultural products production evaluated. The problems of agricultural production highlighted. Particular emphasis is given to calculating demand in food resources with respect to factual food products consumption of various population groups. Defined main groups of food, which is not ensured rational consumption. The article offers a set of measures aimed at conducting food import and substitution policy without jeopardizing the country’s food security.peer-reviewe

Impact of the oil production complex on land pollution in Russia

The assessment of the impact of the economic activities of the Russian oil-producing complex on land pollution contributes to the adoption of evolutionary management decisions. It also helps to take into account the opinion of society, the Ministry of Emergency Situations. In the oil complex, industrial pollution negatively affects flora and fauna. It's important to identify the level of exposure, the degree of its danger, the location of the contamination. The work deals with the methodology, information-logical and mathematical model of solving the above problem. The main result of the work is a system and procedure (technique) for analyzing the results of monitoring and forecasting of land cover take into consideration the sanitary and hygienic consequences of residual content of petroleum products. As a result of the system analysis, an approach to the construction of alternative solutions has been proposed, taking into account not only permissible pollution standards, but also environmental, sanitary and epidemiological norms and assessment methods. The emergence of soil systems, their categories, is taken into account. In particular, (in importance) risks for soil cover-morphological, bio-physical-chemical, ecological-health, toxic influence and irreversible processes and bifurcations, including taking into account regional peculiarities and restoration potential of soil, are considered. Proposed algorithm of simulation and system analysis is based on situational modeling. Evolutionary modeling allows you to adapt the prediction and assessment procedure (methodology) to the risk factors of the environment. It increases accuracy (formalization and evidence) and completeness of conclusions, efficiency of situation analysis, which affects manageability of risk both for oil complex and for individual enterprise of the industry. The results of the work may be used for the development of software tools, in particular expert and predictive systems. Situational models are needed when oil companies are addressing multi-criteria and multi-factor decision-making challenges

Management of Energy Enterprises: Energy-efficiency Approach in Solar Collectors Industry: The Case of Russia

In the last few years, the development and management of some types of renewable energy industries in Russia is proceeding at a rapid pace, mainly due to government support programs. At the same time, many renewable energy technologies designed for use at the enterprises, primarily in the residential and commercial sectors, have not yet been widely disseminated. In particular, this applies to solar collectors. In this article, we study the factors, preventing the wider distribution of solar collectors in the residential sector from the viewpoint of the theory of energy-efficiency. The focus of research is the informational barriers. The obtained results allow us to draw several practical conclusions about the directions for improving regional energy-efficiency programs currently being implemented in most of Russian regions. Keywords: solar thermal energy, solar collectors, barriers of energy efficiency, survey JEL Classifications: O33, Q42, Q47, Q4

Biodiversity of cryopegs in permafrost

Abstract This study describes the biodiversity of the indigenous microbial community in the sodium-chloride water brines (cryopegs) derived from ancient marine sediments and sandwiched within permafrost 100-120,000 years ago after the Arctic Ocean regression. Cryopegs remain liquid at the in situ temperature of À9 to À11°C and make up the only habitat on the Earth that is characterized by permanently subzero temperatures, high salinity, and the absence of external influence during geological time. From these cryopegs, anaerobic and aerobic, spore-less and spore-forming, halotolerant and halophilic, psychrophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, mycelial fungi and yeast were isolated and their activity was detected below 0°C

Multiplex PCR-Based Neutralization (MPBN) Assay for Titers Determination of the Three Types of Anti-Poliovirus Neutralizing-Antibodies

Determination of poliovirus-neutralizing antibodies is an important part of clinical studies of poliovirus vaccines, epidemiological surveillance and seroprevalence studies that are crucial for global polio eradication campaigns. The conventional neutralization test is based on inhibition of cytopathic effect caused by poliovirus by serial dilutions of test serum. It is laborious, time-consuming and not suitable for large scale analysis. To overcome these limitations, a multiplex PCR-based neutralization (MPBN) assay was developed to measure the neutralizing antibody titers of anti-poliovirus sera against three serotypes of the virus in the same reaction and in shorter time. All three anti-poliovirus sera types were analyzed in a single assay. The MPBN assay was reproducible, robust and sensitive. Its lower limits of titration for the three anti-poliovirus sera types were within range of 0.76–1.64 per mL. Different anti-poliovirus sera were tested with conventional and MPBN assays; the results obtained by both methods correlated well and generated similar results. The MPBN is the first neutralization assay that specifically titrates anti-poliovirus antibodies against the three serotypes of the virus in the same reaction; it can be completed in two to three days instead of ten days for the conventional assay and can be automated for high-throughput implementation

Trends in Ukrainian market of business aviation

В Україні ринок бізнес авіації розвинений середньо. Провідні корпорації, перші особи українського бізнесу і політики є власниками приватних літаків. Але будь-якому власникові перед тим, як підняти власний авіатранспорт в небо, слід отримати сертифікат пілота.В Украине рынок бизнес авиации развит средне. Ведущие корпорации, первые лица украинского бизнеса и политики являются владельцами частных самолетов. Но любому владельцу перед тем, как поднять собственный авиатранспорт в небо, следует получить сертификат пилота.In Ukraine, the business aviation market developed medium. Leading corporations, top officials of Ukrainian business and politics are owners of private jets. But any owner before you raise your own aircraft in the sky, you should obtain a pilot certificate

Trends in Ukrainian market of business aviation

В Україні ринок бізнес авіації розвинений середньо. Провідні корпорації, перші особи українського бізнесу і політики є власниками приватних літаків. Але будь-якому власникові перед тим, як підняти власний авіатранспорт в небо, слід отримати сертифікат пілота.В Украине рынок бизнес авиации развит средне. Ведущие корпорации, первые лица украинского бизнеса и политики являются владельцами частных самолетов. Но любому владельцу перед тем, как поднять собственный авиатранспорт в небо, следует получить сертификат пилота.In Ukraine, the business aviation market developed medium. Leading corporations, top officials of Ukrainian business and politics are owners of private jets. But any owner before you raise your own aircraft in the sky, you should obtain a pilot certificate