Motion Detection Using 3D Image Histograms Sequences Analysis

This paper presents an unconventional approach for motion detection using 3D image histogram sequence analysis. The idea of this approach is to remove the process of motion estimation into the field of 3D image histogram sequences by analysis of their statistical characteristics. A functional and statistical model of a system for motion detection has been created. This model includes procedures for image processing like: mode filtering for homogenizing the area of objects and its background, defining 3D image histogram sequences as well as procedures for defining statistical characteristics of the 3D image histograms sequences, choice and analysis of criterions for motion estimation. The experimental results prove that the relationship between statistical characteristics of the 3D image histograms sequences and process of motion estimation is a guarantee for creating a reliable and high precision motion detection system as well as for image compression using 3D entropy functions analysis. Such a system can be used for security control of banks, airports, military objects, embassies, shops etc

Identification and Determination of Selenosulfate and Selenocyanate in Flue Gas Desulfurization Waters

In this work, 13 selenium species in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) waters from coal-fired power plants were separated and quantified using anion-exchange chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. For the first time, we identified both selenosulfate (SeSO₃^2–) and selenocyanate (SeCN^–) in such waters, using retention time matching and confirmation by electrospray mass spectrometry. Besides selenite and selenate, selenosulfate was the most frequently occurring selenium species. It occurred in most samples and constituted a major fraction (up to 63%) of the total selenium concentration in waters obtained from plants employing inhibited oxidation scrubbers. Selenocyanate occurred in about half of the tested samples, but was only a minor species (up to 6% of the total selenium concentration). Nine additional Se-containing compounds were found in FGD waters, but they remain unidentified at this point

Novel concepts for preparation of reference materials as whole water samples for priority substances at nanogram-per- liter level using model suspended particulate matter and humic acids

One of the unresolved issues of the European Water Framework Directive is the unavailability of realistic water reference materials for the organic priority pollutants at low ng L-1 concentrations. In the present study three different types of ready-to-use water test materials were developed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), poly brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tributyltin (TBT) at ng L-1 levels. The first type simulated the dissolved phase in the water and comprised of a solution of humic acids (HA) at 5 mg/L dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and a spike of the target compounds. The second type of water sample incorporated the particulate phase in water. To this end model suspended particulate matter (SPM) with a realistic particle size was produced by jet milling soil and sediments containing known amounts of PAHs, PBDEs and TBT and added as slurry to mineral water. The most complex test materials mimicked “whole water” consequently containing both phases, the model SPM and the HA solution with the target analytes strongly bound to the SPM. In this paper the development of concepts, processing of the starting materials, characterization of the HA and model SPMs as well as results for homogeneity and stability testing of the ready-to-use test materials are described in detail.JRC.D.2-Standards for Innovation and sustainable Developmen