Structure development and simulation of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

Electric-drive vehicles (EDVs) have gained attention, especially in the context of growing concerns about global warming and energy security aspects associated with road transport. The main characteristic of EDVs is that the torque is supplied to the wheels by an electric motor that is powered either solely by a battery or in combination with an internal combustion engine (ICE). This covers hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), battery electric vehicles (BEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), but also photovoltaic electric vehicles (PVEVs) and fuelcell vehicles (FCVs). [1] So we initiated research work with a view to assess the economic impacts,engineering constraints and user needs of a future market penetration of those car technologies, with a focus on PHEVs. As a starting step, we reviewed the literature and prepared this paper which provides a summary description of the technology aspects, the current state of the research and development in the field. It also elaborates consistent sets of data about the vehicle technologies in view of the subsequent modeling work to undertake the assessment. The paper also identifies a series of areas where more data and assessment are needed

Biopreservation of hepatocytes: current concepts on hypothermic preservation, cryopreservation, and vitrification

Isolated liver cells (primarily isolated hepatocytes) have found important applications in science and medicine over the past 40 years in a wide range of areas, including physiological studies, investigations on liver metabolism, organ preservation and drug de-toxification, experimental and clinical transplantation. An integral component of many of these works is the need to store the isolated cells, either for short or long-term periods. This review covers the biopreservation of liver cells, with a focus on the history of liver cell biopreservation, the application of hypothermia for short-term storage, standard cryopreservation methods for isolated hepatocytes, the biopreservation of other types of liver cells, and recent developments such as vitrification of hepatocytes. By understanding the basis for the different approaches, it will be possible to select the best options for liver cell biopreservation in different applications, and identify ways to improve preservation protocols for the future.Fil: Fuller, Barry J.. University College London; Estados UnidosFil: Petrenko, Alexander Y.. Ukraine Academy of Sciences; UcraniaFil: Rodriguez, Joaquin Valentin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Secretaria de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro Binacional de Investigación en Criobiología Clínica y Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Somov, Alexander Y.. Ukraine Academy of Sciences; UcraniaFil: Balaban, Cecilia Lucía. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Secretaria de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro Binacional de Investigación en Criobiología Clínica y Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Guibert, Edgardo Elvio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Secretaria de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro Binacional de Investigación en Criobiología Clínica y Aplicada; Argentin

Ultrasonic investigations of spin-ices Dy2_2Ti2_2O7_7 and Ho2_2Ti2_2O7_7 in and out of equilibrium

We report ultrasound studies of spin-lattice and single-ion effects in the spin-ice materials Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ (DTO) and Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ (HTO) across a broad field range up to 60 T, covering phase transformations, interactions with low-energy magnetic excitations, as well as single-ion effects. In particular, a sharp dip observed in the sound attenuation in DTO at the gas-liquid transition of the magnetic monopoles is explained based on an approach involving negative relaxation processes. Furthermore, quasi-periodic peaks in the acoustic properties of DTO due to non-equilibrium processes are found to be strongly affected by {\em macroscopic} thermal-coupling conditions: the thermal runaway observed in previous studies in DTO can be suppressed altogether by immersing the sample in liquid helium. Crystal-electric-field effects having higher energy scale lead to a renormalization of the sound velocity and sound attenuation at very high magnetic fields. We analyze our observations using an approach based on an analysis of exchange-striction couplings and single-ion effects

Low-temperature magnetism in the honeycomb systems SrLn2O4

Recent progress in the understanding of the complex magnetic properties of the family of rare-earth strontium oxides, SrLn2O4, is reviewed. These compounds consisting of hexagons and triangles are affected by geometrical frustration and therefore exhibit its characteristic features, such as a significant reduction of magnetic ordering temperatures and complex phase diagrams in an applied field. Some of the observed features appear to be rather remarkable even in the context of the unusual behavior associated with geometrically frustrated magnetic systems. Of particular interest is the coexistence at the lowest temperature of different magnetic structures (exhibiting either long or short-range order) characterized by different propagation vectors in materials without significant chemical or structural disorder.Comment: Review Articl

Analysis of model predictive control through a power converter in a renewable energy system

Predictive control developments for applications in the field of renewable energy systems are still under investigation. In this article, the fundamentals of predictive control are studied with a focus on model predictive control (MPC). Based on this techniques, a control strategy for flexible power supply can be developed which could be implemented in renewable energy systems, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems

Alginate encapsulation to enhance biopreservation scope and success: a multidisciplinary review of current ideas and applications in cryopreservation and non-freezing storage

BACKGROUND: The development of encapsulation technologies has played an important role in improving cryopreservation outcomes for many cell and tissue types over the past 20 years. Alginate encapsulation cryopreservation (AECryo) has been incorporated into a range of applications in biotechnology, species conservation and clinical therapies, using cells from many different phyla, including higher plants, animal and human cells. This review describes the background to the origins of AECryo, the development of AECryo in higher plant tissues, broadening to current applications in algal conservation, the roles for AECryo in preserving phytodiversity, fungal species and in animal and human cells. OBJECTIVE: The main aims are to provide information resources on AECryo in different areas of biology and to stimulate new ideas for wider applications and future improvement. The translation of this useful biopreservation strategy into new opportunities for cell cryopreservation and storage at non-freezing temperatures are also discussed

УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ІГРОВОЇ МАЙСТЕРНОСТІ КУРСАНТІВ І СТУДЕНТІВ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ УКРАЇНИ ЗАСОБАМИ МІНІ-ФУТБОЛУ

The use of tactical schemes of conducting two-way game of mini soccer is analyzed. Ways of improving the effectiveness of indoor soccer game while participating in competitions of various levels conducted among teams of security ministries of Lviv region and Ukraine are examined and suggested. The basic trends of improving educational and training process during training and competitive activities.Проаналізовано використання тактичних схем ведення двосторонньої гри в міні-футбол. Розглянуто та запропоновано шляхи підвищення ефективності гри в міні-футбол під час участі в змаганнях різного рівня, які проводяться серед збірних команд силових структур Львівщини та України. Виокремлено основні тенденції вдосконалення навчально-тренувального процесу під час тренування та змагальної діяльності

СТАН ВІТЧИЗНЯНОГО МОРСЬКОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА МОЖЛИВІ ШЛЯХИ ЇХ ПОДОЛАННЯ

Ports act as magnets for related industries, however, their combined activities have the potential for considerable impact on theenvironment. The environmental problems of the marine environment and the source of their creation are considered. The relationship between pollution patterns and environmental impacts is determined. Proposed measures and directions for reducing pollution of the marine environment by shipping and seaports. The necessity of introduction of ecological management in the activity of sea ports is determined. The activities of seaports should be aimed at achieving high environmental standards and have a minimal impact on the environment. For sustainable development it is essential that environmental considerations be incorporated into the portmanagement structure.Рассмотрены экологические проблемы морской среды и источники их создания. Определена взаимосвязь между путями загрязнения и последствиями для окружающей среды. Предложенные мероприятия и направления снижения загрязнения морской среды судоходством и морскими портами. Определена необходимость внедрения экологического управления в деятельность морских портов.Розглянуті екологічні проблеми морського середовища та джерела їх створення. Визначений взаємозв’язок між шляхами забруднення та наслідками для навколишнього середовища. Запропоновані заходи та напрями зниження забруднення морського середовища судноплавством та морськими портами. Визначена необхідність впровадження екологічного управління в діяльність морських портів

Modern scaffolding strategies based on naturally pre-fabricated 3D biomaterials of poriferan origin

Modern scaffolding strategies include two key ways: to produce requested 3D constructs from corresponding precursors using technological tools, or simply use naturally already pre-fabricated scaffolds if they originate from renewable sources. Marine sponges inhabit oceans since the Precambrian. These ancient multicellular organisms possess a broad variety of evolutionary approved and ready to use skeletal structures, which seem to be well applicable as 3D scaffolds in diverse fields of modern bioinspired materials science, biomimetics and regenerative medicine. In this review, most attention is paid to biosilica-, chitin-, and spongin-based scaffolds of poriferan origin with respect to their potential use. © 2020, The Author(s).Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: HE 394–3Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego, MNiSW: 0912/SBAD/2006PPN/BEK/2018/1/00071Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFGSächsisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst, SMWK: 02010311This work was financially supported by German Research Foundation (DFG) grant HE 394–3, SMWK Project 02010311 (Germany) and subsidy from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland to PUT (no. 0912/SBAD/2006). M.W. is thankful for financial support from Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (PPN/BEK/2018/1/00071)