Revealing a Mode Interplay That Controls Second-Harmonic Radiation in Gold Nanoantennas

In this work, we investigate the generation of second- harmonic light by gold nanorods and demonstrate that the collected nonlinear intensity depends upon a phase interplay between di ff erent modes available in the nanostructure. By recording the backward and forward emitted second-harmonic signals from nanorods with various lengths, we fi nd that the maximum nonlinear signal emitted in the forward and backward directions is not obtained for the same nanorod length. We con fi rm the experimental results with the help of full-wave computations done with a surface integral equation method. These observations are explained by the multipolar nature of the second- harmonic emission, which emphasizes the role played by the relative phase between the second-harmonic modes. Our fi ndings are of particular importance for the design of plasmonic nanostructures with controllable nonlinear emission and nonlinear plasmonic sensors as well as for the coherent control of harmonic generations in plasmonic nanostructure

Clearance of Genotype 1b Hepatitis C Virus in Chimpanzees in the Presence of Vaccine-Induced E1-Neutralizing Antibodies

Accumulating evidence indicates that neutralizing antibodies play an important role in protection from chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Efforts to elicit such responses by immunization with intact heterodimeric E1E2 envelope proteins have met with limited success. To determine whether antigenic sites, which are not exposed by the combined E1E2 heterodimer structure, are capable of eliciting neutralizing antibody responses, we expressed and purified each as separate recombinant proteins E1 and E2, from which the immunodominant hypervariable region (HVR-1) was deleted. Immunization of chimpanzees with either E1 or E2 alone induced antigen-specific T-helper cytokines of similar magnitude. Unexpectedly, the capacity to neutralize HCV was observed in E1 but not in animals immunized with E2 devoid of HVR-1. Furthermore, in vivo only E1-vaccinated animals exposed to the heterologous HCV-1b inoculum cleared HCV infection

Functional Effects of Parasites on Food Web Properties during the Spring Diatom Bloom in Lake Pavin: A Linear Inverse Modeling Analysis

This study is the first assessment of the quantitative impact of parasitic chytrids on a planktonic food web. We used a carbon-based food web model of Lake Pavin (Massif Central, France) to investigate the effects of chytrids during the spring diatom bloom by developing models with and without chytrids. Linear inverse modelling procedures were employed to estimate undetermined flows in the lake. The Monte Carlo Markov chain linear inverse modelling procedure provided estimates of the ranges of model-derived fluxes. Model results support recent theories on the probable impact of parasites on food web function. In the lake, during spring, when ‘inedible’ algae (unexploited by planktonic herbivores) were the dominant primary producers, the epidemic growth of chytrids significantly reduced the sedimentation loss of algal carbon to the detritus pool through the production of grazer-exploitable zoospores. We also review some theories about the potential influence of parasites on ecological network properties and argue that parasitism contributes to longer carbon path lengths, higher levels of activity and specialization, and lower recycling. Considering the “structural asymmetry” hypothesis as a stabilizing pattern, chytrids should contribute to the stability of aquatic food webs

Etude des transferts interhospitaliers de nouveau-nés effectués par le SAMU 69 au cours du premier trimestre 2000

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Les perspectives de l'utilisation de la perfusion à domicile à travers deux exemples (la chambre implantable et la pompe à insuline)

CAEN-BU Médecine pharmacie (141182102) / SudocLYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Mind: Algorithme par niveaux de découverte des dépendances d'inclusion

National audienceInclusion dependencies together with functional dependencies form the most fundamental data dependencies used in practice. They are respectively the generalization of foreign keys and keys. Their utility is important for all applications in which data semantic is important: For example to perform evolution or maintenance of existing databases, or to construct a data warehouse from production databases. In this paper we propose a levelwise algorithm to discover inclusion dependencies holding in a database. We use an existing framework, in which we have made the following contributions: an original algorithm to generate level i+1 candidates from level i IND, a coherent method to generate candidate INDs for level 1, an implementation of the proposed algorithm and experimental results on real-life database. Despite the inherent complexity of this problem, performance evaluations show the feasibility of our proposal

Multi-dielectric stacks as a platform for giant optical field

International audienc