D3.3 Business models report

RECIPROCITY aims to transform European cities into climate-resilient and connected, multimodal nodes for smart and clean mobility. The project's innovative four-stage replication approach is designed to showcase and disseminate best practices for sustainable urban development and mobility. As part of this project, the present business model report (D3.3) provides an overview of innovative urban mobility business models that could be tailored to cities in the RECIPROCITY replication ecosystem. The work developed was based upon the work carried-out in WP1-2-4, and aimed to collect and derive the business model patterns for urban mobility and propose a business model portfolio that encourage cross-sector collaboration and create an integrated mobility system. This report is therefore addressed to cities and local authorities that have to meet mobility challenges (i.e. high costs and low margin, broad set of partners, competing with private car) by providing new services to activate and accelerate a sustainable modal shift. It also targets other stakeholders interested in business model concepts applied to cities

Pêcheries fixes du Cotentin : un patrimoine immatériel entre une houle de proscriptions et un récent courant patrimonial

Une pêcherie est un piège à poissons fixé sur le littoral en forme de V dont la pointe est orientée vers le large. Les dimensions sont monumentales puisque chaque côté peut atteindre 350 mètres et la hauteur à la pointe peut dépasser deux mètres. Les poissons sont piégés lors de chaque marée descendante après que la hauteur d’eau de la marée haute précédente a permis à la mer de recouvrir le piège. Deux types de pêcheries coexistent sur les côtes de la Manche : les pêcheries en bois, toutes ..

Cystathionine beta synthase deficiency induces catalase-mediated hydrogen peroxide detoxification in mice liver

International audienc

Early cardiovascular events in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus

International audienceBackground: The effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is not assessed within the first 10 years postpartum, regardless of subsequent diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of CVD events related to GDM within 7 years of postpartum.Methods: This nationwide population-based study of deliveries in 2007 and 2008 with a follow-up of 7 years was based on data from the French medico-administrative database. Two groups were formed: women with a history of GDM and women without GDM or previous diabetes. CVD included angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart bypass surgery, coronary angioplasty, carotid endarterectomy and fibrinolysis. Hypertensive disease was assessed separately. Determinants studied included age, obesity, subsequent diabetes mellitus and hypertensive diseases during pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratios for outcomes were calculated using multiple logistic regressions.Results: The hospital database recorded 1,518,990 deliveries in 2007 and 2008. Among these, 62,958 women had a history of GDM. After adjusting for age, DM, obesity and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, GDM was significantly associated with a higher risk of CVD (adjusted Odds Ratio aOR = 1.25 [1.09-1.43]). Considering each variable in a separate model, GDM was associated with angina pectoris (aOR = 1.68 [1.29-2.20]), myocardial infarction (aOR = 1.92 [1.36-2.71]) and hypertension (aOR = 2.72 [2.58-2.88]) but not with stroke.Conclusions: A history of GDM was identified as a risk factor of CVD, especially coronary vascular diseases, within the 7 years postpartum. A lifestyle changes from postpartum onwards can be recommended and supported

Stabilisation progressive

International audienceCet article est un résumé étendu de (Altisen et al., Euro-Par 2016) dans lequel nous nous intéressons à des réseaux pouvant subir des changements topologiques transitoires. Nous proposons une nouvelle spécialisation de l'autostabilisation adaptée à ce type de réseau : la stabilisation progressive. Un algorithme est progressivement stabilisant sous hypothèse de (τ, ρ)-dynamicité s'il est autostabilisant et satisfait la propriété supplémentaire suivante : après au plus τ pas dynamiques vérifiant la condition ρ et se produisant à partir d'une configuration légitime, l'algorithme converge rapidement vers une configuration où une spécification plus faible est satisfaite ; puis il continue à converger progressivement vers des configurations où des spécifications de plus en plus fortes sont vérifiées, et ce, jusqu'à retrouver une configuration légitime vérifiant la spécification initiale du problème. Nous illustrons cette nouvelle propriété en proposant un algorithme progressivement stabilisant de synchronisation d'horloges

Stabilisation progressive

International audienceCet article est un résumé étendu de (Altisen et al., Euro-Par 2016) dans lequel nous nous intéressons à des réseaux pouvant subir des changements topologiques transitoires. Nous proposons une nouvelle spécialisation de l'autostabilisation adaptée à ce type de réseau : la stabilisation progressive. Un algorithme est progressivement stabilisant sous hypothèse de (τ, ρ)-dynamicité s'il est autostabilisant et satisfait la propriété supplémentaire suivante : après au plus τ pas dynamiques vérifiant la condition ρ et se produisant à partir d'une configuration légitime, l'algorithme converge rapidement vers une configuration où une spécification plus faible est satisfaite ; puis il continue à converger progressivement vers des configurations où des spécifications de plus en plus fortes sont vérifiées, et ce, jusqu'à retrouver une configuration légitime vérifiant la spécification initiale du problème. Nous illustrons cette nouvelle propriété en proposant un algorithme progressivement stabilisant de synchronisation d'horloges

Normal Aging Modulates the Neurotoxicity of Mutant Huntingtin

Aging likely plays a role in neurodegenerative disorders. In Huntington's disease (HD), a disorder caused by an abnormal expansion of a polyglutamine tract in the protein huntingtin (Htt), the role of aging is unclear. For a given tract length, the probability of disease onset increases with age. There are mainly two hypotheses that could explain adult onset in HD: Either mutant Htt progressively produces cumulative defects over time or “normal” aging renders neurons more vulnerable to mutant Htt toxicity. In the present study, we directly explored whether aging affected the toxicity of mutant Htt in vivo. We studied the impact of aging on the effects produced by overexpression of an N-terminal fragment of mutant Htt, of wild-type Htt or of a β-Galactosidase (β-Gal) reporter gene in the rat striatum. Stereotaxic injections of lentiviral vectors were performed simultaneously in young (3 week) and old (15 month) rats. Histological evaluation at different time points after infection demonstrated that the expression of mutant Htt led to pathological changes that were more severe in old rats, including an increase in the number of small Htt-containing aggregates in the neuropil, a greater loss of DARPP-32 immunoreactivity and striatal neurons as assessed by unbiased stereological counts

Élection Autostabilisante dans les Réseaux à Haute Dynamicité

National audienceNous nous intéressons à la conception d'algorithmes autostabilisants pour des réseaux identifiés hautement dynamiques. Précisément, nous considérons le problème de l'élection dans trois classes de graphes dynamiques (TVG) : la classe T C B (∆) des TVG de diamètre temporel borné par ∆, la classe TCQ (∆) des TVG de diamètre temporel quasiment borné par ∆ et la classe TCR des TVG à connectivité temporelle récurrente. Nous montrons qu'en dépit des identités, dans les classes TCQ (∆) et TCR, tout algorithme autostabilisant d'élection nécessite la connaissance exacte du nombre de processus. Puis nous proposons trois algorithmes d'élection. Le premier, pour la classe TCB(∆), stabilise en au plus 3∆ rondes. Dans TCQ(∆) et TCR, le temps de stabilisation d'un algorithme autostabilisant d'élection ne peut pas être borné. Cependant, nous montrons que nos deux solutions sont spéculatives, c'est-à-dire qu'elles ont de bonnes performances dans des cas favorables ; en effet, elles stabilisent en O(∆) rondes lorsque l'on se restreint à la classe TCB(∆)

Age-Related Differences in Functional and Structural Connectivity in the Spatial Navigation Brain Network

International audienceSpatial navigation involves multiple cognitive processes including multisensory integration, visuospatial coding, memory, and decision-making. These functions are mediated by the interplay of cerebral structures that can be broadly separated into a posterior network (subserving visual and spatial processing) and an anterior network (dedicated to memory and navigation planning). Within these networks, areas such as the hippocampus (HC) are known to be affected by aging and to be associated with cognitive decline and navigation impairments. However, age-related changes in brain connectivity within the spatial navigation network remain to be investigated. For this purpose, we performed a neuroimaging study combining functional and structural connectivity analyses between cerebral regions involved in spatial navigation. Nineteen young (μ = 27 years, σ = 4.3; 10 F) and 22 older (μ = 73 years, σ = 4.1; 10 F) participants were examined in this study. Our analyses focused on the parahippocampal place area (PPA), the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), the occipital place area (OPA), and the projections into the visual cortex of central and peripheral visual fields, delineated from independent functional localizers. In addition, we segmented the HC and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) from anatomical images. Our results show an age-related decrease in functional connectivity between low-visual areas and the HC, associated with an increase in functional connectivity between OPA and PPA in older participants compared to young subjects. Concerning the structural connectivity, we found age-related differences in white matter integrity within the navigation brain network, with the exception of the OPA. The OPA is known to be involved in egocentric navigation, as opposed to allocentric strategies which are more related to the hippocampal region. The increase in functional connectivity between the OPA and PPA may thus reflect a compensatory mechanism for the age-related alterations around the HC, favoring the use of the preserved structural network mediating egocentric navigation. Overall, these findings on age-related differences of functional and structural connectivity may help to elucidate the cerebral bases of spatial navigation deficits in healthy and pathological aging

Intrinsic versus shape anisotropy in micro-structured magnetostrictive thin films for magnetic surface acoustic wave sensors

International audienceThis work aims at studying the interaction between surface acoustic waves (SAW) and micro-structured magnetostrictive layers under a magnetic field with a perspective to develop magnetic field sensors. The impact of the competition between the strong intrinsic magnetic anisotropy of the magnetic material and the shape anisotropy of the interdigitated transducer (IDT) fingers introduced by the micro-structuration is investigated. Therefore, the macroscopic and microscopic magnetic properties of the IDT and their influence on the magneto-acoustic response are studied. A SAW resonator with the IDTs made of the magnetostrictive thin film was elaborated and the magnetic surface acoustic wave (MSAW) response under a magnetic field was performed and discussed. Depending on the energy balance, the anisotropy gets modified and a correlation with the MSAW sensitivity to an externally applied magnetic field is made