2,022 research outputs found
Fractal basins of escape and the formation of spiral arms in a galactic potential with a bar
We investigate the dynamics in the close vicinity of and within the critical
area in a 2D effective galactic potential with a bar of Zotos. We have
calculated Poincar\'e surfaces of section and the basins of escape. In both the
Poincar\'e surfaces of section and the basins of escape we find numerical
evidence for the existence of a separatrix which hinders orbits from escaping
out of the bar region. We present numerical evidence for the similarity between
spiral arms of barred spiral galaxies and tidal tails of star clusters.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted by MNRA
AliEn Resource Brokers
AliEn (ALICE Environment) is a lightweight GRID framework developed by the
Alice Collaboration. When the experiment starts running, it will collect data
at a rate of approximately 2 PB per year, producing O(109) files per year. All
these files, including all simulated events generated during the preparation
phase of the experiment, must be accounted and reliably tracked in the GRID
environment. The backbone of AliEn is a distributed file catalogue, which
associates universal logical file name to physical file names for each dataset
and provides transparent access to datasets independently of physical location.
The file replication and transport is carried out under the control of the File
Transport Broker. In addition, the file catalogue maintains information about
every job running in the system. The jobs are distributed by the Job Resource
Broker that is implemented using a simplified pull (as opposed to traditional
push) architecture. This paper describes the Job and File Transport Resource
Brokers and shows that a similar architecture can be applied to solve both
problems.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figures, CHEP 03 conferenc
AliEnFS - a Linux File System for the AliEn Grid Services
Among the services offered by the AliEn (ALICE Environment
http://alien.cern.ch) Grid framework there is a virtual file catalogue to allow
transparent access to distributed data-sets using various file transfer
protocols. (AliEn File System) integrates the AliEn file catalogue as
a new file system type into the Linux kernel using LUFS, a hybrid user space
file system framework (Open Source http://lufs.sourceforge.net). LUFS uses a
special kernel interface level called VFS (Virtual File System Switch) to
communicate via a generalised file system interface to the AliEn file system
daemon. The AliEn framework is used for authentication, catalogue browsing,
file registration and read/write transfer operations. A C++ API implements the
generic file system operations. The goal of AliEnFS is to allow users easy
interactive access to a worldwide distributed virtual file system using
familiar shell commands (f.e. cp,ls,rm ...) The paper discusses general aspects
of Grid File Systems, the AliEn implementation and present and future
developments for the AliEn Grid File System.Comment: 9 pages, 12 figure
Ideological diversity, hostility, and discrimination in philosophy
Members of the field of philosophy have, just as other people, political convictions or, as psychologists call them, ideologies. How are different ideologies distributed and perceived in the field? Using the familiar distinction between the political left and right, we surveyed an international sample of 794 subjects in philosophy. We found that survey participants clearly leaned left (75%), while right-leaning individuals (14%) and moderates (11%) were underrepresented. Moreover, and strikingly, across the political spectrum, from very left-leaning individuals and moderates to very right-leaning individuals, participants reported experiencing ideological hostility in the field, occasionally even from those from their own side of the political spectrum. Finally, while about half of the subjects believed that discrimination against left- or right-leaning individuals in the field is not justified, a significant minority displayed an explicit willingness to discriminate against colleagues with the opposite ideology. Our findings are both surprising and important, because a commitment to tolerance and equality is widespread in philosophy, and there is reason to think that ideological similarity, hostility, and discrimination undermine reliable belief formation in many areas of the discipline
Linking stage-resolved population models with field observations: an integrated approach on population dynamics of Pseudocalanus elongatus in the German Bight.
The population dynamics of Pseudocalanus elongatus have been investigated within
the framework of the GLOBEC-Germany project to gain a better understanding
of its life cycle and population dynamics and to estimate secondary production in
the North Sea. During an intensive field study in the German Bight between
February and October 2004, experiments on reproduction were performed and
data on length of copepodids and abundance were collected to characterize the
population in the southern North Sea. This data set was used to update the literature-
based parameterization of a population model for P. elongatus to investigate the
population dynamics, life history and production in the German Bight. The
ability of data to improve population models is also discussed. Pseudocalanus elongatus
was found to be a major contributor to carbon uptake contributing about onethird
of copepod production. Though the spatial variability in field observations
was not reflected by the model, the simulation matched data within one order of
magnitude at most stations. The high-resolution field observations and experiments
mainly improved the parameterization of the reproductive parameters.
Mortality is found to be a critical parameter due to its influence on population
size. Using constant rates, though based on observation-derived estimates, seems
not to capture realistic variability. Our study confirms the need for experimental
and field data to build a robust parameterization for concentration-based
population models
Tuning the critical magnetic field of the triplon Bose-Einstein condensation in BaSrCrO
The structure and magnetic interactions of the triplon Bose-Einstein
condensation candidates BaCrO and SrCrO have been
studied thoroughly in the literature, but little is known about a possible
triplon condensation in the corresponding solid solution
BaSrCrO. We have prepared various members of this solid
solution and systematically examined their magnetic properties in high magnetic
fields up to 60 T and at low temperatures down to 340 mK, by means of pulsed
field and cantilever magnetometry. From these experiments for
, we find that the critical fields of
BaSrCrO decrease monotonically as a function of the Sr
content . This change is in good agreement with the earlier reported
variation of the magnetic interactions in these compounds
Segmented Europeanization: the transnationalization of public spheres in Europe ; trends and patterns / Michael Brüggemann; Stefanie Sifft; Katharina Kleinen
The existence of a European public sphere, a public network of exchange of opinions and ideas on political issues, has come to be seen as a prerequisite for the democratic legitimacy of the European Union. The paper conceptualizes the Europeanization of the national public spheres as a gradual process that may occur on four different dimensions: 1. monitoring governance, 2. mutual observation, 3. discursive exchange, and 4. collective identification with Europe. It then presents the results of our empirical research on the transnationalization of public spheres in Europe: What is the prevailing pattern of Europeanization that can be observed in different countries of the EU? We have conducted a quantitative content analysis of the political discourses in quality newspapers of five EU member states (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain) over a period of twenty years. According to our analysis of more than 3,000 articles the main pattern of transnationalization to be found in all countries is segmented Europeanization: Within each public sphere we find more and more talk about European institutions and policies but there is no indication of an increase in the debate in between the national public spheres. In addition, we find weak indications of a gradually developing European we-perspective. --
Do mountain tourists demand ecotourism? Examining moderating influences in an Alpine tourism context
Ecotourists appreciate nature and are willing to learn about nature and ecology. Therefore ecotourism is often seen as a product package that supports sustainable tourism development. This study contributes to existing research in the field of ecotourism as it investigates how travel motives and environmental concern of mountain tourists influences their actual demand for ecotourism. A survey of mountain tourists in the Austrian Alps was conducted and reveals a positive relationship between environmental concern and ecotourism demand. The study measured travel motives, which are compatible and incompatible with ecotourism and showed how these motives influence actual demand of ecotourism. Furthermore it is postulated that education, income and the intention to revisit the destination moderate the relationship between environmental concern, mountain tourists’ motives and the tourists’ demand for ecotourism. For destination marketing it can be stated that higher educated mountain tourists with a high disposable income are a vital market segment, which should be targeted for ecotourism in the mountains. Research recommendations are highlighted and focus on loyal visitors, as it remains unclear whether loyalty with an ecotourism destination strengthens the demand for ecotourism
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