The Dogs Bark, the Carnival Moves On… Revisiting Zygmunt Bauman, Modernity and the Holocaust

Modernity and the Holocaust is now thirty years old. How should we respond to the book, its controversy, and its history or context? In this essay I offer three steps as a way into this labyrinth. First, I review the core claims of Bauman’s book (1989). Second, I use my four-volume edited collection of essays on his work (2002) as a decade check on its reception. Third, the new volume, Revisiting Modernity and the Holocaust: Heritage, Dilemmas, Extensions (2022) is brought into play as a third optic or time slice. I conclude that the book is a classic, which means we should still read it and use it as a marker, but also that the debate has out of necessity moved on. As Bauman used to say, “The dogs bark, the carnival moves on”

Itinerario intelectual y recepción de Zygmunt Bauman en Francia

La sociología de Zygmunt Bauman ha tenido una recepción muy diversa en el mundo, dependiendo de los contextos intelectuales y de los periodos de producción del autor. A partir de un estudio de la prolífica obra de Bauman, este artículo se propone describir las distintas etapas de ese itinerario, con el fin de comprender el proceso que condujo a tales disparidades. Este análisis tratará de explicar la tibia recepción del pensador en el ámbito intelectual francés, así como las polémicas que suscitó su trabajo en el mundo académico de habla inglesa. Por último, se busca definir parcialmente la forma y el estado actual de lo que Bauman llamó la "sociología líquida" en años recientes.Zygmunt Bauman's sociology has known very divers receptions, depending on the intellectual contexts and periods of writing. Through a study of the proliferous work of the author, this article aims at describing the different steps of this path, in order to grasp the process leading to such disparities. This analysis will try to explain the feeble reception of the thinker within the French intellectual sphere, as well as the several polemics engendered by his work in the English-speaking academic world. Lastly, this article would like to partially define the form and status of what the author has called "liquid sociology" in recent years

Deregulation of MYCN, LIN28B and LET7 in a Molecular Subtype of Aggressive High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers

Molecular subtypes of serous ovarian cancer have been recently described. Using data from independent datasets including over 900 primary tumour samples, we show that deregulation of the Let-7 pathway is specifically associated with the C5 molecular subtype of serous ovarian cancer. DNA copy number and gene expression of HMGA2, alleles of Let-7, LIN28, LIN28B, MYC, MYCN, DICER1, and RNASEN were measured using microarray and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 127 samples using tissue microarrays and anti-HMGA2 antibodies. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation of bacterial artificial chromosomes hybridized to 239 ovarian tumours was used to measure translocation at the LIN28B locus. Short interfering RNA knockdown in ovarian cell lines was used to test the functionality of associations observed. Four molecular subtypes (C1, C2, C4, C5) of high-grade serous ovarian cancers were robustly represented in each dataset and showed similar pattern of patient survival. We found highly specific activation of a pathway involving MYCN, LIN28B, Let-7 and HMGA2 in the C5 molecular subtype defined by MYCN amplification and over-expression, over-expression of MYCN targets including the Let-7 repressor LIN28B, loss of Let-7 expression and HMGA2 amplification and over-expression. DICER1, a known Let-7 target, and RNASEN were over-expressed in C5 tumours. We saw no evidence of translocation at the LIN28B locus in C5 tumours. The reported interaction between LIN28B and Let-7 was recapitulated by siRNA knockdown in ovarian cancer cell lines. Our results associate deregulation of MYCN and downstream targets, including Let-7 and oncofetal genes, with serous ovarian cancer. We define for the first time how elements of an oncogenic pathway, involving multiple genes that contribute to stem cell renewal, is specifically altered in a molecular subtype of serous ovarian cancer. By defining the drivers of a molecular subtype of serous ovarian cancers we provide a novel strategy for targeted therapeutic intervention

Labor And The Politics Of Structural Adjustment In Australia And Indonesia

The labour forces of Australia and Indonesia are compared for the period from the late 1960s to the 1990s. The position of labour in a global economy is also considered. It is determined that the outlook for organised labour is bleak, however its position is also contingent upon national circumstance

Bauen in Brasilien

Im Herbst 2014 fand die große Exkursion 2014 der Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen der HTWG Konstanz nach Brasilien unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Horst Werkle und Prof. Dr. Peter Hirschmann statt. Auf dem Programm stand der Besuch der Städte Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro und Iguacu. Der Bericht schildert den Besuch interessanter Baustellen und großer Bauprojekte wie des im Bau befindlichen futuristisch anmutenden „Museum of Tomorrow“, des Maracana-Stadions mit seiner neuen Membrandachkonstruktion sowie des zweitgrößten Wasserkraftwerks der Welt

The Essentials of Protein Import in the Degenerate Mitochondrion of Entamoeba histolytica

Several essential biochemical processes are situated in mitochondria. The metabolic transformation of mitochondria in distinct lineages of eukaryotes created proteomes ranging from thousands of proteins to what appear to be a much simpler scenario. In the case of Entamoeba histolytica, tiny mitochondria known as mitosomes have undergone extreme reduction. Only recently a single complete metabolic pathway of sulfate activation has been identified in these organelles. The E. histolytica mitosomes do not produce ATP needed for the sulfate activation pathway and for three molecular chaperones, Cpn60, Cpn10 and mtHsp70. The already characterized ADP/ATP carrier would thus be essential to provide cytosolic ATP for these processes, but how the equilibrium of inorganic phosphate could be maintained was unknown. Finally, how the mitosomal proteins are translocated to the mitosomes had remained unclear. We used a hidden Markov model (HMM) based search of the E. histolytica genome sequence to discover candidate (i) mitosomal phosphate carrier complementing the activity of the ADP/ATP carrier and (ii) membrane-located components of the protein import machinery that includes the outer membrane translocation channel Tom40 and membrane assembly protein Sam50. Using in vitro and in vivo systems we show that E. histolytica contains a minimalist set up of the core import components in order to accommodate a handful of mitosomal proteins. The anaerobic and parasitic lifestyle of E. histolytica has produced one of the simplest known mitochondrial compartments of all eukaryotes. Comparisons with mitochondria of another amoeba, Dictystelium discoideum, emphasize just how dramatic the reduction of the protein import apparatus was after the loss of archetypal mitochondrial functions in the mitosomes of E. histolytica

The Functions of Mediator in Candida albicans Support a Role in Shaping Species-Specific Gene Expression

The Mediator complex is an essential co-regulator of RNA polymerase II that is conserved throughout eukaryotes. Here we present the first study of Mediator in the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. We focused on the Middle domain subunit Med31, the Head domain subunit Med20, and Srb9/Med13 from the Kinase domain. The C. albicans Mediator shares some roles with model yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, such as functions in the response to certain stresses and the role of Med31 in the expression of genes regulated by the activator Ace2. The C. albicans Mediator also has additional roles in the transcription of genes associated with virulence, for example genes related to morphogenesis and gene families enriched in pathogens, such as the ALS adhesins. Consistently, Med31, Med20, and Srb9/Med13 contribute to key virulence attributes of C. albicans, filamentation, and biofilm formation; and ALS1 is a biologically relevant target of Med31 for development of biofilms. Furthermore, Med31 affects virulence of C. albicans in the worm infection model. We present evidence that the roles of Med31 and Srb9/Med13 in the expression of the genes encoding cell wall adhesins are different between S. cerevisiae and C. albicans: they are repressors of the FLO genes in S. cerevisiae and are activators of the ALS genes in C. albicans. This suggests that Mediator subunits regulate adhesion in a distinct manner between these two distantly related fungal species

BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License

Teori-teori sosial : observasi kritis terhadap para filosof terkemuka

Judul asli : Social theory : a guide to central thinkers *** *** Bibliografi hlm. Setiap babxxxi, 403 hlm. : 24 cm

The Budapest School - Travelling theory?

Ágnes Heller’s Immortal Comedy (2005) is likely the greatest book written on the philosophy of comedy. It is certainly a work of exceptional lucidity, economy, and insight. It is built on the forty-odd books and collections that Heller produced in the fifty years that preceded its publication.1 In it, there are hints of most of the key elements in Heller’s vast philosophical universe: the Stoic-Epicurean philosophy discussed in Renaissance Man (1967), the theory of personality from Everyday Life (1970), the theory of rationality developed in The Power of Shame (1985), the back and forth at Kant’s philosophical dinner table in A Philosophy of History in Fragments (1993), the Kierkegaardian undertow of An Ethics of Personality (1996), the volte-face interpretation of modernity that appears in A Theory of Modernity (1999), and the Shakespearean philosophy of history from The Time Is Out of Joint (2002)