Alimentação saudável na educação infantil : projeto de intervenção

Orientadora: Profª MSc. Shirley BollerMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curso de Especialização em Saúde para Professores do Ensino Fundamental e MédioInclui referênciasResumo : O presente trabalho é resultado do projeto de intervenção que visou orientar os alunos do pré I e pré II do Centro Municipal de Educação infantil acerca da alimentação saudável. O objetivo foi orientar os alunos do pré I e pré II do Centro Municipal de Educação infantil acerca da alimentação saudável através de atividades interdisciplinares, direcionadas e participativas. Dentre elas, revitalizar na escola a área verde produtiva para que as crianças pudessem plantar e acompanhar o desenvolvimento das hortaliças, leguminosas e plantas medicinais no meio ambiente, utilizando recursos sustentáveis. Construir cartaz coletivo e gráficos interativos onde os alunos possam reconhecer preferências, distinguir os alimentos saudáveis dos evitáveis e os que se deve consumir com moderação. Também foi utilizado material concreto, recursos lúdicos, vídeos, e histórias infantis, avental representando alguns alimentos saudáveis. O projeto foi realizado durante o período de 6 (seis) meses do segundo semestre do ano letivo de 2015, no CMEI Jardim Lindóia e toda ação foi embasada no respeito à faixa etária das crianças envolvidas. Os resultados obtidos foram registrados em mídias, cartazes, fotografias, gráficos entre outros. Foram organizadas ações dentro e fora da sala de aula, ações estas em comum acordo com a instituição escolar. Os participantes deste projeto foram os alunos, professores, funcionários, empresas e comunidade local. Ao final do projeto de intervenção constatou-se a evolução do projeto a cada ação em que os alunos apresentaram cada vez mais com maior nível de envolvimento, entusiasmo e de conscientização quanto a alimentação e a melhoria na saúde dos envolvidos

Sleep and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical activity : biological processes associated with psychosocial adjustment during childhood and adolescence

ABSTRACT: Sleep and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) activity are two biological processes that play a vital role for physical and mental health as well as general well-being. The aim of this cumulative dissertation containing three studies is to complement and extend existing research on the role of sleep and the HPA activity for psychosocial adjustment during childhood and adolescence, as well as in very preterm children and to further extend knowledge on in-home PSG sleep. Taken together, findings showed that less restorative sleep and a shorter sleep duration were associated with poorer psychosocial adjustment during mid- dle childhood and adolescence. A meditational model further showed that less restorative sleep partially accounted for poorer psychosocial adjustment in very preterm children. In ado- lescence, the association of sleep and psychosocial adjustment was mediated by daytime tiredness and behavioral persistence and furthermore, a delayed school start time was associ- ated with longer sleep duration and less daytime tiredness. Additionally, a blunted HPA activ- ity was related to more externalizing problems. Although very preterm children showed a faster decline in evening cortisol levels compared to full-term children, HPA activity did not mediate the association between prematurity and psychosocial adjustment. Furthermore, find- ings showed that sleep assessed via in-home PSG remained stable over one and a half years and thus indicated that in-home PSG constitutes a reliable measure of childrenÕs habitual sleep. The present dissertation emphasizes the importance of restorative and sufficient sleep for psychosocial adjustment during middle childhood and adolescents and even more so in very preterm children representing a population of children at risk for poor psychosocial ad- justment

Sleep duration, positive attitude toward life, and academic achievement: The role of daytime tiredness, behavioral persistence, and school start times

Sleep timing undergoes profound changes during adolescence, often resulting in inade- quate sleep duration. The present study examines the relationship of sleep duration with positive attitude toward life and academic achievement in a sample of 2716 adolescents in Switzerland (mean age: 15.4 years, SD 1⁄4 0.8), and whether this relationship is mediated by increased daytime tiredness and lower self-discipline/behavioral persistence. Further, we address the question whether adolescents who start school modestly later (20 min; n 1⁄4 343) receive more sleep and report better functioning. Sleeping less than an average of 8 h per night was related to more tiredness, inferior behavioral persistence, less positive attitude toward life, and lower school grades, as compared to longer sleep duration. Daytime tiredness and behavioral persistence medi- ated the relationship between short sleep duration and positive attitude toward life and school grades. Students who started school 20 min later received reliably more sleep and reported less tiredness

Sleep duration, positive attitude toward life, and academic achievement: The role of daytime tiredness, behavioral persistence, and school start times

Perkinson‐Gloor N, Lemola S, Grob A. Sleep duration, positive attitude toward life, and academic achievement: The role of daytime tiredness, behavioral persistence, and school start times. Journal of Adolescence. 2013;36(2):311-318.Sleep timing undergoes profound changes during adolescence, often resulting in inadequate sleep duration. The present study examines the relationship of sleep duration with positive attitude toward life and academic achievement in a sample of 2716 adolescents in Switzerland (mean age: 15.4 years, SD = 0.8), and whether this relationship is mediated by increased daytime tiredness and lower self-discipline/behavioral persistence. Further, we address the question whether adolescents who start school modestly later (20 min; n = 343) receive more sleep and report better functioning. Sleeping less than an average of 8 h per night was related to more tiredness, inferior behavioral persistence, less positive attitude toward life, and lower school grades, as compared to longer sleep duration. Daytime tiredness and behavioral persistence mediated the relationship between short sleep duration and positive attitude toward life and school grades. Students who started school 20 min later received reliably more sleep and reported less tiredness

Sleep, aggression, and psychosocial adjustment in male prisoners

Purpose: The current study examines sleep quantity and quality and their association with anger-related reactions, symptoms of ADHD, depressive symptoms, physical health complaints, and life satisfaction in male prison inmates. Furthermore, we examine whether good sleep hygiene in the prison context (physical exercising during the day, switching the television off at night, limiting caffeine and cigarette consumption) is related to sleep quantity and quality. Methods: 49 prison inmates (mean age = 39.4; SD = 13.9) completed questionnaires assessing sleep quality and quantity, sleep hygiene, and psychosocial and physical functioning. Results: Short sleep duration of 6h or less and poor sleep quality were related to higher levels of aggressiveness in provoking social situations and more physical health complaints. Additionally, poor sleep quality was related to higher levels of rumination and more symptoms of ADHD. The sleep hygiene variable daily caffeine consumption was related with shorter sleep duration. Conclusion: Results suggest that among a sample of male prison inmates adequate sleep duration and good sleep quality were associated with better psychosocial adjustment

Adolescents' Electronic Media Use at Night, Sleep Disturbance, and Depressive Symptoms in the Smartphone Age

Adolescence is a time of increasing vulnerability for poor mental health, including depression. Sleep disturbance is an important risk factor for the development of depression during adolescence. Excessive electronic media use at night is a risk factor for both adolescents' sleep disturbance and depression. To better understand the interplay between sleep, depressive symptoms, and electronic media use at night, this study examined changes in adolescents' electronic media use at night and sleep associated with smartphone ownership. Also examined was whether sleep disturbance mediated the relationship between electronic media use at night and depressive symptoms. 362 adolescents (12-17year olds, M=14.8, SD=1.3; 44.8% female) were included and completed questionnaires assessing sleep disturbance (short sleep duration and sleep difficulties) and depressive symptoms. Further, participants reported on their electronic media use in bed before sleep such as frequency of watching TV or movies, playing video games, talking or text messaging on the mobile phone, and spending time online. Smartphone ownership was related to more electronic media use in bed before sleep, particularly calling/sending messages and spending time online compared to adolescents with a conventional mobile phone. Smartphone ownership was also related to later bedtimes while it was unrelated to sleep disturbance and symptoms of depression. Sleep disturbance partially mediated the relationship between electronic media use in bed before sleep and symptoms of depression. Electronic media use was negatively related with sleep duration and positively with sleep difficulties, which in turn were related to depressive symptoms. Sleep difficulties were the more important mediator than sleep duration. The results of this study suggest that adolescents might benefit from education regarding sleep hygiene and the risks of electronic media use at night

Adolescents' electronic media use at night, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms in the smartphone age

Adolescence is a time of increasing vulnerability for poor mental health, including depression. Sleep disturbance is an important risk factor for the development of depression during adolescence. Excessive electronic media use at night is a risk factor for both adolescents' sleep disturbance and depression. To better understand the interplay between sleep, depressive symptoms, and electronic media use at night, this study examined changes in adolescents' electronic media use at night and sleep associated with smartphone ownership. Also examined was whether sleep disturbance mediated the relationship between electronic media use at night and depressive symptoms. 362 adolescents (12 to 17 year olds, M=14.8, SD=1.3; 44.8% female) were included and completed questionnaires assessing sleep disturbance (short sleep duration and sleep difficulties) and depressive symptoms. Further, participants reported on their electronic media use in bed before sleep such as frequency of watching TV or movies, playing video games, talking or text messaging on the mobile phone, and spending time online. Smartphone ownership was related to more electronic media use in bed before sleep, particularly calling/sending messages and spending time online compared to adolescents with a conventional mobile phone. Smartphone ownership was also related to later bedtimes while it was unrelated to sleep disturbance and symptoms of depression. Sleep disturbance partially mediated the relationship between electronic media use in bed before sleep and symptoms of depression. Electronic media use was negatively related with sleep duration and positively with sleep difficulties, which in turn were related to depressive symptoms. Sleep difficulties were the more important mediator than sleep duration. The results of this study suggest that adolescents might benefit from education regarding sleep hygiene and the risks of electronic media use at night

Habitual computer game playing at night is related to depressive symptoms

This study investigated whether the amount and circadian time of habitual computer game playing were related to depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults. We expected that habitual late playing relates to more depressive symptoms beyond the effect of the total time of computer game playing as playing at night may involve short, irregular, and disturbed sleep as well as misalignment of the circadian rhythm. 646 adolescents and young adults (ages 13–30; 90.9% males) who play the internet role-playing game World of Warcraft completed an online questionnaire. Habitual computer game playing between 10 pm and 6 am was related to an increased risk of high depression scores independent of the total amount of playing. Adolescents (ages 13–17 years) were most vulnerable when habitually playing during early night (i.e., 10–12 pm), while emergent adults (ages 18–22 years) showed more vulnerability when habitually playing late at night (i.e., after 2 am). The effect was partly mediated by daytime sleepiness but not by sleep loss or insomnia problems

Habitual computer game playing at night is related to depressive symptoms

Lemola S, Brand S, Vogler N, Perkinson-Gloor N, Allemand M, Grob A. Habitual computer game playing at night is related to depressive symptoms. Personality and Individual Differences. 2011;51(2):117-122.This study investigated whether the amount and circadian time of habitual computer game playing were related to depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults. We expected that habitual late playing relates to more depressive symptoms beyond the effect of the total time of computer game playing as playing at night may involve short, irregular, and disturbed sleep as well as misalignment of the circadian rhythm. 646 adolescents and young adults (ages 13–30; 90.9% males) who play the internet role-playing game World of Warcraft completed an online questionnaire. Habitual computer game playing between 10 pm and 6 am was related to an increased risk of high depression scores independent of the total amount of playing. Adolescents (ages 13–17 years) were most vulnerable when habitually playing during early night (i.e., 10–12 pm), while emergent adults (ages 18–22 years) showed more vulnerability when habitually playing late at night (i.e., after 2 am). The effect was partly mediated by daytime sleepiness but not by sleep loss or insomnia problems