Magnetic Collapse of a Neutron Gas: No Magnetar Formation

A degenerate neutron gas in equilibrium with a background of electrons and protons in a magnetic field exerts its pressure anisotropically, having a smaller value perpendicular than along the magnetic field. For critical fields the magnetic pressure may produce the vanishing of the equatorial pressure of the neutron gas, and the outcome could be a transverse collapse of the star. This fixes a limit to the fields to be observable in stable pulsars as a function of their density. The final structure left over after the implosion might be a mixed phase of nucleons and meson ($\pi^{\pm,0},\kappa^{\pm,0}$) condensate (a strange star also likely) or a black string, but no magnetar at all.Comment: 5 pages, 1 latex file, 1 encapsulated figure. Submitted to Physical Review Letters (24/11/2000

Magnetic collapse of a neutron gas: Can magnetars indeed be formed

A relativistic degenerate neutron gas in equilibrium with a background of electrons and protons in a magnetic field exerts its pressure anisotropically, having a smaller value perpendicular than along the magnetic field. For critical fields the magnetic pressure may produce the vanishing of the equatorial pressure of the neutron gas. Taking it as a model for neutron stars, the outcome could be a transverse collapse of the star. This fixes a limit to the fields to be observable in stable neutron star pulsars as a function of their density. The final structure left over after the implosion might be a mixed phase of nucleons and meson condensate, a strange star, or a highly distorted black hole or black "cigar", but no any magnetar, if viewed as a super strongly magnetized neutron star. However, we do not exclude the possibility of a supersotrong magnetic fields arising in supernova explosions which lead directly to strange stars. In other words, if any magnetars exist, they cannot be neutron stars.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures. European Physical Journal C in pres

Aphids associated with shrubs, herbaceous plants and crops in the Maltese Archipelago (Hemiptera, Aphidoidea)

A survey of the aphids associated with Maltese shrubs, herbaceous plants and crops was carried out. Sixty six aphid species were recorded from more than 90 species of host plants. Forty eight aphids were recorded from the Maltese islands for the fi rst time bringing the total number of aphid species known from these islands to 99. New records include: Acyrthosiphon lactucae, A. pisum, Anoecia vagans, Aphis alienus, A. euphorbiae, A. hederae, A. lambersi, A. multifl orae, A. nasturtii, A. parietariae, A. picridicola, A. ruborum, A. sedi, Aulacorthum solani, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Capitophorus sp. nr. similis, Clypeoaphis suaedae, Cryptomyzus korschelti, Dysaphis apiifolia, D. foeniculus, D. pyri, D. tulipae, Hyadaphis coriandri, H. foeniculi, H. passerinii, Hyperomyzus lactucae, Idiopterus nephrelepidis, Macrosiphoniella absinthii, M. artemisiae, M. sanborni, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Ma. rosae, Melanaphis donacis, Metopolophium dirhodum, Pterochloroides persicae, Rectinasus buxtoni, Rhopalosiphum maidis, R. padi, R. rufi abdominale, Schizaphis graminum, Semiaphis dauci, Sipha maydis, Sitobion avenae, S. fragariae, Therioaphis alatina, Uroleucon inulae, U. hypochoeridis and U. sonchi. Of these 99 aphid species, 58 are of economic importance and 16 are alien introductions. For 15 of the aphid species, a total of 22 new host-plant records are made. Ten species of ants were found attending 18 aphid species.peer-reviewe

Reactive and inhibiting species in the electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol on gold : A study combining in-situ visible reflectance and ATR-SEIRAS

Acknowledgements: The support of the Leverhulme Trust through the Doctoral Scholarship Scheme [DS-2017-073] is gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewedPostprin

Kinetics of formic acid dehydration on Pt electrodes by time-resolved ATR-SEIRAS

ACKNOWLEDGMENT L.P.-M. acknowledges a doctoral scholarship within the Leverhulme Centre for Doctoral Training in Sustainable Production of Chemicals and Materials (Grant DS-2017-073).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Reliability and parameterization of Romberg Test in people who have suffered a stroke

AIM: To analyze the reliability and describe the parameterization with inertial sensors, of Romberg test in people who have had a stroke. METHODS: Romberg's Test was performed during 20 seconds in four different setting, depending from supporting leg and position of the eyes (opened eyes / dominant leg; closed eyes / dominant leg; opened eyes / non-dominant leg; closed eyes / non-dominant leg) in people who have suffered a stroke over a year ago. Two inertial sensors (sampling frequency 180Hz) were placed in lumbar (L5-S1) and in the trunk (T7). The test was performed three times for the four different settings. The outcome variables were extracted in each of the axes (X, Y, Z) (figure 1). We considered as the maximum, minimum and mean velocity and the magnitude of the angular displacement for each of the sensors (Figure 2 shows an example of direct extraction of variables). Statistical Analysis: descriptive analysis of all outcome variables for each axis and sensor. Further analysis of the internal consistency of the measure was performed by analysis interclass correlation (ICC) with a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS: Values obtained after statistical analysis show levels of reliability ranging from 0.61 (Z axis speed - eyes closed / nondominant leg) and 0.92 (Y axis offset - opened eyes / dominant leg). The descriptive results of all outcome variables are shown in Table 1. CONCLUSION: Making inertial sensors in trunk and / or lumbar, inertial sensors are reliable tools for parameterizing Romberg test in different settings in people who have suffered stroke over a year ago.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

EDUCACIÓN EN CONTEXTOS NO FORMALES: LA EDUCACIÓN DE CALLE COMO METODOLOGÍA DE TRABAJO EN CONTEXTOS DE MARGINACIÓN SOCIAL

El presente estudio trata de presentar algunos de los resultados de la investigación llevada a cabo en el barrio de Los Asperones en la provincia de Málaga. Un barrio que se encuentra en situación de pobreza extrema y marginación social. Las conclusiones resultantes del estudio están ligados a la educación de calle y a la educación social en contextos no formales. Para ello, se han realizado multitud de entrevistas, grupos focales y observaciones etnográficas a diversos informantes clave (personas del barrio, profesionales de la educación, políticos, etc.). Los resultados de la investigación ayudan a dilucidar la necesidad de acompañar en los contextos no formales desde un paradigma social basado en la creación de vínculos socio afectivos que promuevan el empoderamiento y la búsqueda de nuevos retos personales.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Estudio sobre posibilidad y procedimientos de fabricacion de aglomerados de carbon vegetal en España

Para la realización del presente trabajo, hemos procurado seguir una norma de conducta que, persiguiendo primordialmente la finalidad que lo motivó, salvase, en lo posible, las dos dificultades esenciales que se nos presentaban desde el primer momento que de él nos ocupamo

Theoretical insight into vibrational spectra of metal-water interfaces from density functional theory based molecular dynamics

Acknowledgements J. C. is grateful for funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 21373166 and 21621091), and the Thousand Youth Talents Program of China.Peer reviewedPostprin