Overview of the Role of Vanillin on Redox Status and Cancer Development

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2017-03-17T13:00:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bezerra DP Overview of the role....pdf: 1399293 bytes, checksum: 729da26a25a00a671b36d15744186fe1 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2017-03-17T13:10:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Bezerra DP Overview of the role....pdf: 1399293 bytes, checksum: 729da26a25a00a671b36d15744186fe1 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-17T13:10:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bezerra DP Overview of the role....pdf: 1399293 bytes, checksum: 729da26a25a00a671b36d15744186fe1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Paraíba. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. João Pessoa, PB, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Paraíba. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. João Pessoa, PB, BrasilBioactive natural products play critical roles in modern drug development, especially anticancer agents. It has been widely reported that various pharmacological activities of such compounds are related to their antioxidant properties. Vanillin is a natural substance widely found in many plant species and often used in beverages, foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. Antioxidant and anticancer potential have been described for this compound. Considering the importance of vanillin in the area of human health and food and pharmaceuticals sectors, in this review, we discuss the role of vanillin on redox status and its potential contribution to the prevention and the treatment of cancer

Pesquisa em educação matemática e subjetividades: possibilidades teórico-metodológicas

Nosso objetivo com este artigo é discutir referenciais teórico-metodológicos que se mostram potentes para desenvolver pesquisas que abordam a subjetividade em pesquisas em Educação Matemática. Para tanto, apresentaremos algumas compreensões gerais de três metodologias de pesquisa – História Oral, Sociopoética e Cartografia – e, junto a elas, lançaremos mão de algumas pesquisas para exemplificar como as subjetividades foram abordadas naquele exercício de investigação e o que foi possível elaborar de compreensões. É possível apontar que as metodologias têm características específicas, mas convergem quanto ao cuidado na manutenção do caráter científica, a atenção aos princípios éticos das abordagens, principalmente com os sujeitos envolvidos, e a possibilidade de propiciar aos investigadores aproximações às subjetividades, mesmo que de formas diferentes. Além disso, a partir das pesquisas citadas, advogamos em defesa da possibilidade e necessidade de desenvolver pesquisas em Educação Matemática nas quais evidenciemos os sujeitos e suas subjetividades, sendo necessário, portanto, buscarmos contextos mais sensíveis nas investigações

TEACHING SENTENCE READING AND RETELLING AND ANSWERING COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS IN A CHILD WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently show difficulties in the acquisition of multiple repertoires, including verbal behavior. One type of verbal operant behavior is the intraverbal. It involves the emission of a verbal response under the control of a verbal discriminative stimulus, without point-to-point correspondence between them, and the response is maintained by a generalized conditioned reinforcer. This study focused on narrative retelling, which is a skill that comprises intraverbal chains. It is also discussed in the literature that the teaching of this repertoire may improve gains in text comprehension, which also involves the emission of intraverbals, that is, answering questions. Regarding this skill, previous research investigated procedures that may produce the emergence of answering comprehension questions referred as complex ABC intraverbals (related to the stimulus equivalence paradigm) in typically developing children. In general, they were exposed to cycles in which they first read short texts/sentences relating information on three different stimuli (A, B, and C), Thereafter, the children answered several questions representing all possible complex intraverbal relations among the three stimuli from the sentences. Some learners demonstrated the emergence of all complex relations, and further investigations were carried out with the teaching of simpler intraverbal relations of the type of exemplars and categories before the cycles of reading sentences – probing complex ABC intraverbals. Data indicated that more learners showed the emergence of all, or nearly all, complex relations. The present study comprised two systematic replication experiments, with the inclusion of a child with ASD as participant. Both also involved the teaching of sentence reading and retelling through script fading, to analyze the effects of narrative production on the possible emergence of complex intraverbals. In Experiment 1, cycles of teaching sentence reading and retelling – probing ABC intraverbals were administered. As a result, all possible complex relations emerged.  Experiment 2 involved the teaching of simpler intraverbal relations of the type of exemplars and categories before the cycles of teaching sentence reading and retelling – probing ABC intraverbals. All possible complex intraverbal relations also emerged. Data were discussed in the sense that, although positive, it is not clear whether the teaching of sentence retelling and simpler intraverbal relations facilitated the establishment of the complex intraverbals. It is possible that reading the sentences was sufficient. The limitations of the research were presented and discussed, as well as recommendations for future investigations that may more clearly isolate the effects of each manipulated independent variable. Anyway, the current study extended previous investigations by showing that complex intraverbal relations of the ABC type may also be established in a learner diagnosed with ASD.  Article visualizations

UMA APLICAÇÃO DA SEQUÊNCIA FEDATHI NO ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA ALFABETIZAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA COM ALUNOS DO 6° ANO

O presente artigo discorre sobre a vertente que o ensino de matemática é visto no cenário educacionalbrasileiro, a perspectiva projetada pelos documentos oficiais do Brasil e o estudo na área de educaçãomatemática, na tentativa de qualificá-lo, dando um foco especial na “Alfabetização Matemática” que,segundo os documentos oficiais nacionais deve ser concluída no máximo até o terceiro ano do ensinofundamental. Desta forma, foi realizada uma pesquisa participante que tinha como objetivo analisar osregistros coletados em relação à “Alfabetização Matemática”, de alunos do 6° ano A de uma escola municipallocalizada no interior do Ceará. Para tal, realizou-se uma sessão didática aplicando a Sequência Fedathicomo proposta pedagógica, na qual foi apresentado um problema matemático envolvendo subtração esolicitado que os alunos resolvessem do seu modo, foram coletadas todas as soluções, sendo selecionadasas que apresentavam características diferentes e efetuada uma entrevista com os alunos que tiveram seumodelo selecionado. Os resultados apontam a possibilidade de alunos mesmo ingressados no 6° anode estudo, não estarem alfabetizados em matemática, assim, o processo de alfabetização matemáticapode ocorrer além do terceiro ano, em consonância com a visão de Maia (2017) quando afirma que, “aAlfabetização Matemática permeia toda a vida escolar dos estudantes”

UMA APLICAÇÃO DA SEQUÊNCIA FEDATHI NO ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA ALFABETIZAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA COM ALUNOS DO 6° ANO

O presente artigo discorre sobre a vertente que o ensino de matemática é visto no cenário educacionalbrasileiro, a perspectiva projetada pelos documentos oficiais do Brasil e o estudo na área de educaçãomatemática, na tentativa de qualificá-lo, dando um foco especial na “Alfabetização Matemática” que,segundo os documentos oficiais nacionais deve ser concluída no máximo até o terceiro ano do ensinofundamental. Desta forma, foi realizada uma pesquisa participante que tinha como objetivo analisar osregistros coletados em relação à “Alfabetização Matemática”, de alunos do 6° ano A de uma escola municipallocalizada no interior do Ceará. Para tal, realizou-se uma sessão didática aplicando a Sequência Fedathicomo proposta pedagógica, na qual foi apresentado um problema matemático envolvendo subtração esolicitado que os alunos resolvessem do seu modo, foram coletadas todas as soluções, sendo selecionadasas que apresentavam características diferentes e efetuada uma entrevista com os alunos que tiveram seumodelo selecionado. Os resultados apontam a possibilidade de alunos mesmo ingressados no 6° anode estudo, não estarem alfabetizados em matemática, assim, o processo de alfabetização matemáticapode ocorrer além do terceiro ano, em consonância com a visão de Maia (2017) quando afirma que, “aAlfabetização Matemática permeia toda a vida escolar dos estudantes”

Antimalarials and macrolides: a review of off-label pharmacotherapies during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

We critically analyzed clinical trials performed with chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with or without macrolides during the first wave of COVID-19 and discussed the design and limitations of peer-reviewed studies from January to July 2020. Seventeen studies were eligible for the discussion. CQ and HCQ did not demonstrate clinical advantages that justified their inclusion in therapeutic regimens of free prescription for treatment or prophylactic purposes, as suggested by health authorities, including in Brazil, during the first wave. Around August 2020, robust data had already indicated that pharmacological effects of CQ, HCQ and macrolides as anti-SARS-CoV-2 molecules were limited to in vitro conditions and largely based on retrospective trials with low quality and weak internal validity, which made evidence superficial for decision-making. Up to that point, most randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials did not reveal beneficial effects of CQ or HCQ with or without macrolides to reduce lethality, rate of intubation, days of hospitalization, respiratory support/mechanical ventilation requirements, duration, type and number of symptoms, and death and were unsuccessful in increasing virus elimination and/or days alive in hospitalized or ambulatory patients with COVID-19. In addition, many studies have demonstrated that side effects are more common in CQ-or HCQ-treated patients

Xylopine Induces Oxidative Stress and Causes G 2

Xylopine is an aporphine alkaloid that has cytotoxic activity to cancer cells. In this study, the underlying mechanism of xylopine cytotoxicity was assessed in human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells. Xylopine displayed potent cytotoxicity in different cancer cell lines in monolayer cultures and in a 3D model of cancer multicellular spheroids formed from HCT116 cells. Typical morphology of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, increased internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and increased phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase-3 activation were observed in xylopine-treated HCT116 cells. Moreover, pretreatment with a caspase-3 inhibitor (Z-DEVD-FMK), but not with a p53 inhibitor (cyclic pifithrin-α), reduced xylopine-induced apoptosis, indicating induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis by the p53-independent pathway. Treatment with xylopine also caused an increase in the production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), including hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide, but not superoxide anion, and reduced glutathione levels were decreased in xylopine-treated HCT116 cells. Application of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reduced the ROS levels and xylopine-induced apoptosis, indicating activation of ROS-mediated apoptosis pathway. In conclusion, xylopine has potent cytotoxicity to different cancer cell lines and is able to induce oxidative stress and G2/M phase arrest, triggering caspase-mediated apoptosis by the p53-independent pathway in HCT116 cells

A ruthenium-based 5-fluorouracil complex with enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction action in HCT116 cells.

Combination of multifunctionalities into one compound is a rational strategy in medicinal chemical design, and have often been used with metallodrug-based compounds. In the present study, we synthesized a novel ruthenium-based 5-fluorouracil complex [Ru(5-FU)(PPh3)2(bipy)]PF6 (PPh3?=?triphenylphosphine; and bipy?=?2,2?-bipyridine) with enhanced cytotoxicity in different cancer cells, and assessed its apoptosis induction action in human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells. The complex was characterized by infrared, cyclic voltammetry, molar conductance measurements, elemental analysis, NMR experiments and X-ray crystallographic analysis. In both 2D and 3D cell culture models, the complex presented cytotoxicity to cancer cells more potent than 5-FU. A typical morphology of apoptotic cell death, increased internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, without cell membrane permeability, loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, increased phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase-3 activation were observed in complex-treated HCT116 cells. Moreover, the pre-treatment with Z-DEVD-FMK, a caspase-3 inhibitor, reduced the apoptosis induced by the complex, indicating cell death by apoptosis through caspase-dependent and mitochondrial intrinsic pathways. The complex failed to induce reactive oxygen species production and DNA intercalation. In conclusion, the novel complex displays enhanced cytotoxicity to different cancer cells, and is able to induce caspase-mediated apoptosis in HCT116 cells

Influence of constructive profiles on the generation of construction waste in construction in the Northeast

The construction sector is one of the main modifiers of the environment, since in its activities there is, essentially, the exploitation of natural resources, generating a large amount of waste. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of management parameters (term, contracting and costs) and constructive parameters (building standard, type of foundation and type of masonry) in the generation of construction waste. The methodology consisted of the following steps: definition of the parameters to be analyzed for the generation of waste in 15 works; data collection and processing and, finally, data dispersion analysis through the boxplot. The class was predominant A waste, 89.2% of the total generated; among class B waste, gypsum is more prominent, with 55% of the waste generated; in class C the mixed materials are predominant, with 64%. Regarding the analyzed parameters, the ones that contributed the most to the generation of civil construction waste (CCW) were: high work pattern (48%); incorporation hiring regime (58%); intermediate execution time between 36 and 45 months (49%); the foundation of the shoe type (36%); sealing masonry with ceramic blocks in the peripheries and gypsum blocks internally (58%)