“Se eu pudesse trabalharia só oito horas”: As condições de trabalho dos mototaxistas e vendedores ambulantes de Palmas/TO

We are currently living in a scenario in which the increase of unemployment rates, the worsening of working conditions and setbacks in the scope of social rights have been amplifying the poverty as well as increasing the number of workers looking for alternative means to guarantee income and survival. The activities carried out by the poor population are escalating in Brazilian cities in number and variety and it is intensifying the divisions of labor, assumed in this research, as a starting point to understand the theory of the circuits of the urban economy. We intend to analyze the working conditions present in the lower circuit of Palmas, from two niches of activities: the motorcycle taxi service and the street commerce. For this study we chose documentary and bibliographic research and, in the field work, we conducted interviews with 65 workers enrolled in the investigated activities. The results indicated that the lower circuit in Palmas follows a national trend, that means it is in the midst of an expansion process, having the current crisis of employment and the expansion of the entrepreneurship and self-employment discourse as drivers, these factors have been used by capital and supported by a neoliberal state as strategies to expand the forms of domination of the working class. On top of that, it also reinforces that unemployment and precariousness are inherent to the capitalist mode of production. In addition to that, the research indicates the deterioration of the living conditions most of the workers interviewed suffer, given the precarious and unprotected ways in which they work. The activities of the lower circuit in the capital city of Tocantins have become an exile for a contingent of unemployed people, rather than the solution to the serious problem the productive world is currently experiencing. Thus, the motorcycle taxi people and street vendors experience the process of precariousness not only at work, but also of their lives.Em um cenário marcado pelo aumento do desemprego e das expressões da precarização do trabalho, retrocessos no âmbito dos direitos sociais e na multiplicação da pobreza, um número cada vez maior de trabalhadores busca meios alternativos de obtenção de renda e garantia de sobrevivência. Ampliam-se nas cidades brasileiras, em número e variedade, as atividades realizadas pela população pobre, intensificando as divisões do trabalho, entendidas nessa pesquisa como ponto de partida para a compreensão da teoria dos circuitos da economia urbana. Nesse sentido, buscamos realizar uma análise sobre as condições de trabalho presentes no circuito inferior de Palmas, a partir de duas atividades, o serviço de mototáxi e o comércio ambulante. Recorremos às pesquisas documental, bibliográfica e, no trabalho de campo, entrevistamos 65 trabalhadores inscritos nas atividades investigadas. Os resultados apontaram que o circuito inferior em Palmas, seguindo uma tendência nacional, está em pleno processo de expansão, tendo como propulsores a atual crise do emprego e ampliação do discurso do empreendedorismo e do trabalho por conta própria, fatores utilizados pelo capital, com apoio do Estado neoliberal, como estratégias para ampliar as formas de dominação da classe que vive do trabalho, reforçando que o desemprego e a precarização são inerentes ao modo de produção capitalista. A pesquisa apontou para a deterioração das condições de vida da maior parte dos trabalhadores entrevistados, dadas às formas precárias e desprotegidas em que atuam. As atividades do circuito inferior na capital tocantinense tornaram-se exílio para um contingente de desempregados, mas não a solução para o grave problema que o mundo produtivo vive no período presente. Os mototaxistas e os ambulantes vivenciam o processo de precarização não somente do trabalho, mas também de vida

Autenticidad de salchichas de carne de ovino y caprino

The aim of this work was to contribute to the fabrication of a new of product, a fresh sausage based on meat from culled sheep and goat animals as a way to give added value to animals with very low marketing price. A total of 280 animals, 140 ewes and 140 goats were slaughtered, during seven months. The fabrication of sausages was carried out at a local industry and two samples of goat and sheep sausages were taken every month. Laboratory analyses of all parameters were made by triplicate. Concerning the fatty acids profile, it was checked that the main fatty acids (oleic acid (C18:1), palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and linolenic acid (C18:2)), influenced the different fractions which characterize them (monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Fatty acids profile could be also used as authentication tools for further monitoring and fraud detection in this kind of traditional food product

Caracterización de la producción de mantas de carne salada y seca de ovinos y caprinos en ambiente preindustrial

Food safety it’s crucial for our life and this study has the purpose to characterize some microbiologic parameters in a pre-industrial company when producing salted and cured meat Meat from sheep and goat was transformed in a semi-industrial local and traditional firm to produce a salted and dried meat product, called as manta. In this work was assemble the total number of mesophyll and psychrophiles bacteria (ufc/g), Staphylococcus aureus, yeasts and molds, sulphite reducing clostridia (NMP/g), total coliforms, E. coli and the presence of Salmonela spp. With exception to Salmonella spp. in all determinations the achieved scores in the production of manta in pre-industrial environment had more countable microorganisms than laboratorial essay. These results showed that the company must have a higher control in the hygienic conditions in all the processes, also forewarn the employees to a better person hygienic stat

Short communication: Quality of ewe and goat meat cured product mantas. An approach to provide value added to culled animals

The effect of species on quality of a cured meat product (mantas) was analyzed in eight culled ewes and eight culled goats. Carcasses were aged at 4 degrees C for 4 d, deboned, salted for 96 h and dried for 48 h. Samples (in triplicate) from the longissimus dorsi (LD) were analyzed for pH and water activity (a(w)). Samples of cured LD were subjected to chemical analyses. It was possible to conclude that cured goat meat had higher moisture content (P 0.05) for the species effect.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Caracterización sensorial de salchichas frescas de ovino y caprino

The main objective of this work was the sensory characterization of fresh sausages from 140 culled Serrana goats and 140 culled Churra Galega Bragançana ewes, to improve the added value of this animals. Species and type of preparation effects were studied. Odour intensity, presence of strange odour, flavour intensity, presence of strange flavour, toughness, juiciness, stringiness, spicy intensity, sweet intensity and overall acceptability were evaluated by a taste panel. Taste, spicy taste, texture and overall appreciation were evaluated by a consumers’ panel. Taste panel data were analysed by a Gerenalised Procrustes Analysis and a characterization of the product. Consumers’ panel data were analysed by Preference Maps. The first 2 factors explained 86,7% of total variation. Different sausages samples were perfectly differentiated by assessors. Goats sausages have been considered more tough and fibrous and the sheep’s most succulent. The panelists felt that sheep sausages without paprika had greater intensity of flavour, taste spicy, and strange smell, while sheep sausages with paprika were the most well accepted by the tasters. As to consumers, there is no preference for any type of sausage, meaning that all types of sausages have market opportunity

Physicochemical properties, fatty acid profile and sensory characteristics of sheep and goat meat sausages manufactured with different pork fat levels

The effect of three pork backfat levels (0% vs. 10% vs. 30%) on chemical composition, fatty acid profile and sensory properties on sheep and goat meat sausages was studied. All physicochemical parameters were affected by the addition of pork backfat in both types of sausages. Sausages manufactured with 30% of pork backfat showed the lowest moisture and protein contents and the highest total fat content. The lower a(w) values in sausages manufactured with higher fat content while in pH happened the reverse situation. The addition of pork backfat modified the total fatty acid profile, prompting a significant drop in the relative percentages of C14:0, C16:0, C17:0, C17:1, C18:0 and TVA (trans-vaccenic acid), together with a marked increase in oleic and linoleic acids. Finally, in goat sausages, the fat content significantly affected sensory parameters: taste, texture and overall acceptability (P<0.05). As expected, all physicochemical parameters were affected by the addition of pork backfat in both types of sausages.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An approach to predict chemical composition of goat Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle by Near Infrared Reflectance spectroscopy

The ability of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to estimate the protein, moisture, connective tissue and ash content in the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle of goat was studied. Samples (n=240) of the LTL muscle were taken from the 8th to 13th rib cut of goat carcasses. Samples were scanned in a FT-NIR Master™ N500 (BÜCHI) over a NIR spectral range of 4000-10,000cm -1 with a resolution of 4cm -1 . It was collected 3 spectra per sample and subsequently, chemical analyses were performed at the Carcass and Meat Quality Laboratory of ESA-IPB. Using NirCal 1.5 it was developed a PLS regression model assaying, first and second derivatives as math treatment and multiplicative scatter correction for minimizing scattering effect on the spectra database recorded (n=240). The best calibrations' models show relatively good predictability for protein (standard error of prediction SEP=0.43; coefficient of determination R 2 =0.91), moisture (SEP=0.48; R 2 =0.92). Calibrations' models obtained are important as a first attempt to predict the chemical composition of goat meat by NIRS. More experimental data are needed to improve the accuracy of these calibrations.We gratefully acknowledge QREN-COMPETE, POREGIONAL DO NORTE, for financial support of the Project BISOVICAP (Project QREN SI I&DT Co-Promotion n◦21511/201).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Brucella canis in commercial kennel of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil : cases report

Brucella canis é a bactéria responsável pela brucelose canina, doença infecto-contagiosa que afeta canídeos e possui caráter zoonótico. Comumente, os sinais são ausentes ou inespecíficos, tornando o diagnóstico dependente de avaliação laboratorial. Este estudo teve como objetivo diagnosticar brucelose em cães provenientes de um canil comercial de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram avaliadas amostras de sangue e de soro de 44 cães das raças Beagle e American Staffordshire Terrier e processadas no Laboratório de Bacteriologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, através de prova sorológica de Agar Gel ImunoDifusão (AGID) e isolamento em meio seletivo de Farrel (MSFA). A soropositividade foi de 38,63% para a prova de AGID e isolamento de 13,63% na hemocultura em MSFA. Todos os animais encontrados positivos foram submetidos à antibioticoterapia e testados novamente em até seis meses pós-tratamento, resultando não-reagentes após este período. Conclui-se que o antígeno misto na prova da AGID mostrou-se eficiente e seguro para a detecção de anticorpos anti-Brucella canis e comprovado pelo isolamento em MSFA.Canine brucellosis is a contagious infection caused by the bacterium Brucella canis, a zoonotic disease that affects canids. Usually, the signs of the disease are absent or nonspecific, therefore the diagnosis requires laboratory analysis. This study aimed to diagnose brucellosis in dogs from a commercial kennel in the city of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Blood serum samples from 44 Beagle and American Staffordshire Terrier dogs were evaluated and processed at the Veterinary Bacteriology Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, in a total of 54 agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) tests and 43 blood culture tests in Farrell's medium (BCFM). Seropositivity was 38.63% for the AGID tests and 13.63% for the blood culture tests. All animals found positive were submitted to antibiotic therapy and tested again up to six months after treatment, not reacting after this period. It was concluded that the mixed antigen in the AGID test proved to be efficient and safe for the detection of anti- Brucella canis antibodies and was confirmed by isolation in BCFM

Chronic hepatitis C: hepatic iron content does not correlate with response to antiviral therapy

The complex interaction between hepatitis C virus infection, iron homeostasis and the response to antiviral treatment remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of hepatic iron concentration (HIC) on the sustained virological response (SVR) to antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. A total of 50 patients who underwent pretreatment liver biopsy with assessment of HIC by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy and were subsequently submitted to antiviral treatment with interferon/peginterferon and ribavirin were included in the study. Patients with alcoholism, history of multiple blood transfusion, chronic kidney disease, hemolytic anemia and parenteral iron therapy were excluded. The iron related markers and HIC were compared between those who achieved an SVR and non-responders (NR) patients. The mean age was 45.7 years and the proportion of patients' gender was not different between SVR and NR patients. The median serum iron was 138 and 134 µg/dL (p = 0.9), the median serum ferritin was 152.5 and 179.5 ng/mL (p = 0.87) and the median HIC was 9.9 and 8.2 µmol/g dry tissue (p = 0.51), for SVR and NR patients, respectively. Thus, hepatic iron concentration, determined by a reliable quantitative method, was not a negative predictive factor of SVR in patients with chronic hepatitis C presenting mild to moderate hepatic iron accumulation.A complexa interação entre infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C, homeostase do ferro e resposta ao tratamento antiviral permanece controversa. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da concentração hepática de ferro (CHF) na resposta virológica sustentada (RVS) à terapia antiviral na hepatite C crônica. Foram incluídos 50 pacientes que foram submetidos à biopsia hepática pré-tratamento com determinação da CHF por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica com forno de grafite e tratados posteriormente com interferon/peginterferon e ribavirina. Pacientes com alcoolismo, história de múltiplas transfusões sanguíneas, doença renal crônica, anemia hemolítica e terapia com ferro parenteral foram excluídos. O perfil de ferro sérico e a CHF foram comparados entre aqueles que atingiram RVS e os não-respondedores (NR). A média de idade dos pacientes foi 45,7 anos e não houve diferença na proporção de homens e mulheres entre os grupos RVS e NR. A mediana do ferro sérico foi 138 and 134 µg/dL (p = 0.9), a mediana da ferritina sérica foi 152,5 e 179,5 ng/mL (p = 0,87) e a CHF mediana foi 9,9 e 8,2 µmol/g de tecido seco (p = 0,51), para pacientes com RVS e NR, respectivamente. Concluindo, a concentração hepática de ferro, determinada por um método quantitativo confiável, não foi um fator preditivo negativo de RVS em pacientes com hepatite C crônica e acúmulo de ferro hepático leve a moderado

Delirium in intensive care: use of the ‘Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit’ by the nurse / Delirium em terapia intensiva: utilização do Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit pelo enfermeiro

Objetivo: compreender o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre o delirium no paciente crítico e a utilização do Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit. Métodos: Estudo exploratório-descritivo, prospectivo, com abordagem mista. Teve-se como população os enfermeiros de uma unidade de terapia intensiva, a amostra constituiu-se de 16 enfermeiros que aceitaram participar de todas as etapas da pesquisa. Realizou-se um pré e pós-teste aplicando-se o instrumento de coleta de dados constituído de 1 pergunta discursiva e 8 objetivas, para análise usou-se análise e conteúdo e estatística básica. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, sob o parecer de nº1.360.441. Resultados: Num comparativo entre o pré e pós-teste, o grupo se mostrou mais preparado para identificar o delirium e com maior grau de conhecimento acerca da temática. Conclusão: atualização mostrou-se como uma ferramenta de transformação da prática clínica. Destacando-se a importância da educação permanente para garantir a qualidade na assistência de enfermagem. Descritores: Terapia Intensiva, Enfermagem, Transtornos Cognitivos.