Diffusely adherent Escherichia coli strains isolated from children and adults constitute two different populations

Background: Diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) have been considered a diarrheagenic category of E. coli for which several potential virulence factors have been described in the last few years. Despite this, epidemiological studies involving DAEC have shown inconsistent results. In this work, two different collections of DAEC possessing Afa/Dr genes, from children and adults, were studied regarding characteristics potentially associated to virulence. Results: DAEC strains were recovered in similar frequencies from diarrheic and asymptomatic children, and more frequently from adults with diarrhea (P < 0.01) than from asymptomatic adults. Association with diarrhea (P < 0.05) was found for SAT-positive strains recovered from children and for curli-positive strains recovered from adults. Mixed biofilms involving DAEC and a Citrobacter freundii strain have shown an improved ability to form biofilms in relation to the monocultures. Control strains have shown a greater diversity of Afa/Dr adhesins and higher frequencies of cellulose, TTSS, biofilm formation and induction of IL-8 secretion than strains from cases of diarrhea in children. Conclusions: DAEC strains possessing Afa/Dr genes isolated from children and adults represent two different bacterial populations. DAEC strains carrying genes associated to virulence can be found as part of the normal microbiota present in asymptomatic children

HISTOMORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS IN KIDNEY TISSUE OF MICE TREATED WITH INDIGOFERA SUFFRUTICOSA MILL

Objective: To investigate by histomorphometry the effect of aqueous extract of Indigofera suffruticosa leaves on proximal convoluted tubules and renal corpuscles of mice with sarcoma 180.Methods: Male swiss albino mice (Mus musculus) with 60 days of age were divided into 3 groups of 6 animals: Group 1-sarcoma 180 treated with aqueous extract (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i. p.)), Group 2-sarcoma 180 treated with saline solution (15 ml/kg, i. p.) and Group 3–without sarcoma 180 treated with saline (15 ml/kg, i. p.). After 48 hours of tumor implantation, the treatment was initiated during 7 days. Histomorphometric analysis of kidney tissue was performed using IMAGEJ software.Results: Antitumoral treatment with aqueous extract of I. suffruticosa leaves at a dose of 50 mg/kg has not caused mice renal tissue histological changes.Conclusion: After treatment with aqueous extract of leaves of I. suffruticosa, renal architecture was preserved, suggesting its safety use as an antitumor agent.Â

Resistência de linhagens de feijoeiro-comum a isolados de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum em diferentes condições ambientais

The objective of this work was to evaluate the reaction of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lines to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the aggressiveness of the isolates, and the inheritance of resistance to white mold, under two environmental conditions. The experiments were carried out under field and greenhouse conditions. In each one, four isolates were inoculated in 14 common bean lines using the straw-test inoculation method and severity on plants. No common bean line with a high level of resistance to white mold was identified, and most of the lines were moderately resistant to the pathogen. In general, the BRS Campeiro, BRS Radiante, BRSMG Talismã, and Ouro Negro cultivars stand out for resistance. Under field conditions, the UFLA 3 isolate discriminates well the lines, while, under greenhouse conditions, UFLA 26 and UFLA 92 are the most aggressive isolates. Furthermore, according to the genetic study, most of the observed variation can be attributed to horizontal resistance, although a small part is associated with vertical resistance.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a reação de linhagens de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris) ao fungo Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a agressividade dos isolados, e a herança de resistência ao mofo-branco, em duas condições ambientais. Os experimentos foram realizados em condições de campo e casa de vegetação. Em cada um deles, quatro isolados foram inoculados em 14 linhagens de feijoeiro-comum pelo método de inoculação “straw test” e a severidade nas plantas foi avaliada. Não se identificaram linhagens de feijão-comum com alto nível de resistência ao mofo-branco, e a maioria delas mostrou-se moderadamente resistente ao patógeno. Em geral, as cultivares BRS Campeiro, BRS Radiante, BRSMG Talismã e Ouro Negro destacam-se quanto à resistência. Na condição de campo, o isolado UFLA 3 discrimina bem as linhagens, enquanto, na casa de vegetação, UFLA 26 e UFLA 92 são os isolados mais agressivos. Além disso, de acordo com o estudo genético, a maior parte da variação encontrada pode ser atribuída à resistência horizontal, embora uma pequena parte esteja associada à resistência vertical

Synthesis of novel sulfide-based cyclic peptidomimetic analogues to solonamides

Eight new sulfide-based cyclic peptidomimetic analogues of solonamides A and B have been synthesized via solid-phase peptide synthesis and SN2’ reaction on a Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) residue introduced at the N-terminal of a tetrapeptide. This last step takes advantage of the electrophilic feature of the MBH residue and represents a new cyclization strategy occurring. The analogues were prepared in moderate overall yields and did not show toxic effects on Staphylococcus aureus growth and were not toxic to human fibroblasts. Two of them inhibited the hemolytic activity of S. aureus, suggesting an interfering action in the bacterial quorum sensing similar to the one already reported for solonamides

Sucessão familiar: os desafios ao longo das gerações / Family succession: the challenges throughout the generations

As empresas familiares, na sua grande maioria, começam suas atividades de forma bem pequena. Apresentam, inicialmente, poucos produtos, serviços e funcionários, e não possuem estrutura física e nem financeira estável. Porém, com o passar dos anos suas atividades atingem certo sucesso, e com o crescimento econômico das mesmas, há uma forte necessidade de melhoramento estrutural e profissional dos envolvidos, o que é fundamental para a continuidade da vida financeira de qualquer empresa. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é identificar quais foram às principais dificuldades encontradas no processo sucessório para o antecessor e sucessor de uma empresa familiar?  Foram realizadas entrevistas com cinco empresas familiares de Venda Nova do Imigrante, com aplicação de um questionário aos antecessores e sucessores da empresa, para avaliar suas dificuldades neste processo e as devidas contribuições. As principais dificuldades encontradas no processo de sucessão na visão do antecessor foram o medo da inovação e a dificuldade em acompanhar o raciocínio dos filhos

Efeito da temporada de basquetebol profissional sobre o perfil lipídico

The aim of the present study was to verify the effect of the professional basketball season on the lipids profile. Seven professional players (age: 23.6±4.3 years; body mass: 110.2±17.5 kg; height: 195.4±10.3 cm) were evaluated before and after a period ranging 4 moths, during national professional basketball season (2 games per week, 2 to 3 tactical and technical exercise workout, 2 to 3 strength exercise workout, 1 to 2 recuperative workout and 1 day of passive rest, all of then as a median per week). Blood samples and anthropometric measures were taken. The first visit was made before the beginning of the season and the second visit two days (48 hours) after the ending of the last game of the season. The lipids profile (triglyceride, VLDL, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and total cholesterol) was analyses by commercial kits (Labtest®, Brazil). The comparison between the results (before and after) was carried through by non-parametric Wilcoxon pair test. The level of significance of 5% was used (p < 0.05). After basketball season, a reduction in the LDL-cholesterol plasma concentrations was demonstrated (before: 111.40±9 mg/dL after: 84.60±8.50 mg/dL; p < 0.05), as well as in total cholesterol (before: 171.20±6.44 mg/dL after: 148.20±6.37 mg/dL; p < 0.05). Besides, increase in rate the HDL/total cholesterol was found (before: 0.22±0.03 after: 0.27±0.06; p < 0.05). The results herein found indicate that the basketball season may induce changes in LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and in rate the HDL/total cholesterol concentrations, suggesting a modulatory effect on the lipid profile in professional basketball player after 4 moths season.O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o efeito da temporada de basquetebol profissional sobre o perfil lipídico. Sete jogadores profissionais (idade: 23,6±4,3 anos; massa corporal: 110,2±17,5 kg; estatura: 195,4±10,3 cm) foram avaliados antes e após um período de 4 meses, relativos a uma temporada nacional de basquetebol profissional (2 partidas por semana, 2 a 3 sessões de treinos técnicos e tático, 2 a 3 sessões de treino de musculação, 1 a 2 sessões de treino regenerativo e 1 dia de descanso passivo, sendo todos a média por semana) . Os jogadores foram submetidos a analise antropométrica e coleta sangüínea. A primeira visita foi feita antes do início da temporada e a segunda visita dois dias (48 horas) após o término da última partida da temporada. Foram realizadas análises do perfil lipídico (triacilglicerol, VLDL, LDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol, e colesterol total) por kits comerciais (Labtest®, Brasil). A comparação entre os resultados foi realizada pareadamente (antes e depois o início da temporada) por teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon. Utilizou-se o nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Após a temporada, foi demonstrada diminuição nas concentrações da LDL-colesterol (pré: 111,40±9 mg/dL vs pós: 84,60±8,50 mg/dL; p < 0,05), bem como do colesterol total (pré: 171,20±6,44 mg/dL vs pós: 148,20±6,37 mg/dL; p < 0,05). Além disso, foi encontrado aumento na taxa HDL/colesterol total (pré: 0,22±0,03 vs pós: 0,27±0,06; p < 0,05). Os resultados indicam que a temporada de basquetebol profissional pode induzir alterações na concentração de LDL-colesterol, de colesterol total e na taxa HDL/colesterol total, sugerindo um efeito modulador sobre o perfil lipídico de jogadores profissionais de basquetebol após uma temporada de 4 meses

Currículo e MST: conflitos de saberes e estratégias na produção de sujeitos

Este artigo trata dos conflitos em torno dos saberes disponibilizados nos curr&#237;culos de duas escolas do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) e das estrat&#233;gias ali inscritas para a produ&#231;&#227;o de sujeitos. Insere-se no campo do curr&#237;culo na vertente p&#243;s-cr&#237;tica, incorporando ferramentas conceituais dos Estudos Culturais e dos estudos de Michel Foucault. O argumento desenvolvido &#233; o de que apesar de as rela&#231;&#245;es de poder-saber forjadas no curr&#237;culo das escolas investigadas serem marcadas pela presen&#231;a predominante dos conhecimentos autorizados, h&#225; ali um esfor&#231;o de ensinar outros saberes que contribuem para disponibilizar algumas posi&#231;&#245;es de sujeito que s&#227;o de import&#226;ncia estrat&#233;gica para a produ&#231;&#227;o do sujeito Sem Terra

Tratamentos para a Epilepsia: Uma Análise da Literatura Recente

The text provides a comprehensive analysis of the various therapeutic approaches to epilepsy, highlighting both significant advancements made and persistent challenges that remain in this area. While the identification of potential therapeutic targets through an understanding of epilepsy genetics has been a crucial breakthrough, current antiepileptic medications face significant limitations, such as limited long-term efficacy and adverse side effects. This underscores the urgent need for therapeutic innovation, addressing not only genetic aspects but also the pathophysiology of the disease. Diversified therapeutic alternatives, such as surgery, special diets, and neuromodulation therapies, offer hope for medication-resistant patients. Additionally, emerging approaches like chronopharmacology and the use of cannabidiol show promise, albeit requiring further research to validate their efficacy and safety. The growing understanding of the role of the intestinal microbiota in epilepsy also suggests new therapeutic possibilities, despite gaps in our understanding of underlying mechanisms. In summary, a personalized, multidisciplinary approach, coupled with collaborations between researchers, physicians, and the industry, is essential to translate scientific advancements into more effective and accessible therapies, offering hope for a better future for all epilepsy patients.O texto analisa de maneira abrangente as diferentes estratégias terapêuticas para o tratamento da epilepsia, destacando tanto os avanços significativos quanto os desafios persistentes nessa área. Apesar da identificação de potenciais alvos terapêuticos por meio da compreensão da genética da epilepsia, os medicamentos antiepilépticos atuais enfrentam limitações, como eficácia a longo prazo limitada e efeitos colaterais adversos. Isso ressalta a necessidade urgente de inovação terapêutica, considerando não apenas os aspectos genéticos, mas também a fisiopatologia da doença. Alternativas terapêuticas diversificadas, como cirurgia, dietas especiais e terapias de neuromodulação, oferecem esperança para pacientes resistentes a medicamentos. Além disso, abordagens emergentes, como a cronofarmacologia e o uso de canabidiol, mostram promessas, embora exijam mais pesquisas para validar sua eficácia e segurança. A crescente compreensão do papel da microbiota intestinal na epilepsia também sugere novas possibilidades terapêuticas, apesar de lacunas em nosso entendimento dos mecanismos subjacentes. Em suma, uma abordagem personalizada e multidisciplinar, aliada a colaborações entre pesquisadores, médicos e a indústria, é essencial para transformar avanços científicos em terapias mais eficazes e acessíveis, oferecendo esperança para um futuro melhor para todos os pacientes com epilepsia

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease