Bio-películas para el envasado de alimentos: proteínas y carbohidratos

Se utilizaron materiales provenientes de recursos renovables y desechos industriales para el desarrollo de películas poliméricas naturales y biodegradables con potencial aplicación en el envasado de alimentos. En particular se seleccionaron un derivado de la caseína que es la proteína que se encuentra en mayor concentración en la leche, denominado caseinato de sodio y, por otra parte un carbohidrato que se obtiene a partir del tratamiento de algunos desechos de la industria marina (principalmente caparazones de crustáceos), denominado quitosano, para preparar películas puras y compuestas. Estas películas son transparentes aunque ligeramente coloreadas, y se biodegradan rápidamente en el suelo. Sin embargo, difieren en otras propiedades (resistencia mecánica, propiedades biocidas, solubilidad en agua) dependiendo de su composición química. Aún así, es posible aprovechar la capacidad formadora de películas del caseinato de sodio, del quitosano o de sus mezclas para formular materiales aplicables al envasado y recubrimiento de alimentos. Materials from renewable resources and industrial wastes were used in the formulation of natural and biodegradable polymer films with potential application in food packaging. In particular, sodium caseinate derived from casein (the main milk protein), and chitosan, a carbohydrate derived from chitin, which is obtained from wastes of the fishing activity (mainly from the shrimp shells), were selected to prepare neat and composite films. All these films are transparent but slightly colored and they are rapidly biodegraded in soil. However, they can show other very different properties, such as mechanical strength, biocide properties or water solubility, depending on their chemical composition. In any case, it is possible and convenient to take advantage of their interesting properties as film formers to formulate materials applicable to food packaging and coating.Fil: Pereda, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (i); ArgentinaFil: Moreira, Maria del Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingenieria. Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica. Grupo de Inv En Ingenieria En Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Roura, Sara Ines. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingenieria. Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica. Grupo de Inv En Ingenieria En Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Marcovich, Norma Esther. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (i); ArgentinaFil: Aranguren, Mirta Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (i); Argentin

Epidemiology of online sexual solicitation and interaction of minors with adults: A longitudinal study

Background: There have been very few longitudinal studies on online sexual solicitation and the online interaction between minors and adults. Still less evidence exists on the relationship of these problems with minors' Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Objective: This study aimed to analyze the point prevalence, period prevalence (prevalence over time) and incidence (new cases over time) of online sexual solicitation and interactions between minors and adults throughout three consecutive time periods and to compare the HRQoL among categories of victims (non-victims, new victims, ceased victims, intermittent victims, and stable victims). Participants and setting: The participants were 1029 Spanish students (43 % boys, 57 % girls), aged 12–15 years. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted over a 13-month period, with measurements taken at three time points. Results: For sexual solicitation, the point prevalence was 11.3 % at wave 1 (W1), 11.9 % at wave 2 (W2), and 16.1 % at wave 3 (W3). For sexualized interactions, prevalence rates were 4.8 %, 7 %, and 7.1 %, respectively. However, throughout the study, almost 23 % of minors reported some sexual solicitation and 14 % reported some sexual interaction. In this same period of time, the incidence of new cases was 1 in 10. Being a victim during W1 meant that in W3, there was almost twice the risk of having a low HRQoL. In general, those who were not victims of either solicitation or sexualized interactions with adults presented better HRQoL than those who experienced victimization. Conclusions

Event-related desynchronization-based versus bereitchaftspotential-based classfiers in stroke patiens

To compare the most well-known volitional movement-related electrophysiological phenomena for upper-limb movements in stroke patients, as source of movement classifiers.Peer Reviewe

Effect of metal loading on the CO2 methanation: A comparison between alumina supported Ni and Ru catalysts

The hydrogenation of CO2 into CH4 from H2 produced by renewable energy is considered an interesting alternative in order to promote the development of such green energies. In the present work, the effect of Ni and Ru loadings on the catalytic performance of alumina-supported catalysts is studied for CO2 methanation reaction. All catalysts were prepared by wetness incipient impregnation, characterized by several techniques (N2-physisorption, CO2-TPD, XRD, H2-chemisorption, XPS and H2-TPR) and evaluated for CO2 methanation in a fixed bed reactor at GHSV=10,000 h−1 and W/FCO2 0 = 4.7 (g cat.) h mol−1. Characterization results showed that addition of increasing loadings of Ni and Ru lead to the formation of both CO2 adsorption and H2 dissociation active sites, which are necessary to carry out CO2 hydrogenation into methane. Easily reducible ruthenium was dispersed on γ-Al2O3 in form of large agglomerates, whereas Ni was better dispersed presenting a great interaction with the support. 12% Ni and 4% Ru resulted to be the optimal contents providing metal surfaces of 5.1 and 0.6m2 g−1, T50 values of 340 and 310 °C and activity being quite stable for 24 h-on-stream. In terms of turnover frequency (TOF), 4%Ru/Al2O3 catalyst was quite more efficient than 12%Ni/Al2O3, probably due to a greater ability of ruthenium to dissociate hydrogen. The apparent activation energies for alumina supported Ni and Ru were 129 and 84 kJ mol−1, respectively.The support from the Economy and Competitiveness Spanish Ministry (CTQ2015-67597-C2-1-R and CTQ2015-67597-C2-2-R MINECO-FEDER), the Basque Government (IT657-13 and IT1297-19) and the SGIker (Analytical Services) at the University of the Basque Country are acknowledged. One of the authors (AQ) also acknowledges University of the Basque Country by his PhD grant (PIF-15/351)

Population-based colorectal cancer screening programmes using a faecal immunochemical test:Should faecal haemoglobin cut-offs differ by age and sex?

Abstract Background The Basque Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme has both high participation rate and high compliance rate of colonoscopy after a positive faecal occult blood test (FIT). Although, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with biannual (FIT) has shown to reduce CRC mortality, the ultimate effectiveness of the screening programmes depends on the accuracy of FIT and post-FIT colonoscopy, and thus, harms related to false results might not be underestimated. Current CRC screening programmes use a single faecal haemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) cut-off for colonoscopy referral for both sexes and all ages. We aimed to determine optimum f-Hb cut-offs by sex and age without compromising neoplasia detection and interval cancer proportion. Methods Prospective cohort study using a single-sample faecal immunochemical test (FIT) on 444,582 invited average-risk subjects aged 50–69 years. A result was considered positive at ≥20 μg Hb/g faeces. Outcome measures were analysed by sex and age for a wide range of f-Hb cut-offs. Results We analysed 17,387 positive participants in the programme who underwent colonoscopy. Participation rate was 66.5%. Men had a positivity rate for f-Hb of 8.3% and women 4.8% (p < 0.0001). The detection rate for advanced neoplasia (cancer plus advanced adenoma) was 44.0‰ for men and 15.9‰ for women (p < 0.0001). The number of colonoscopies required decreased in both sexes and all age groups through increasing the f-Hb cut-off. However, the loss in CRC detection increased by up to 28.1% in men and 22.9% in women. CRC missed were generally at early stages (Stage I-II: from 70.2% in men to 66.3% in women). Conclusions This study provides detailed outcomes in men and women of different ages at a range of f-Hb cut-offs. We found differences in positivity rates, neoplasia detection rate, number needed to screen, and interval cancers in men and women and in younger and older groups. However, there are factors other than sex and age to consider when consideration is given to setting the f-Hb cut-off

Hacia un proceso penal más reparador y resocializador: avances desde la justicia terapéutica

La obra que se presenta al lector trata de dar a conocer la Justicia Terapéutica a los investigadores y profesionales que trabajan en su día a día con personas que se enfrentan a un proceso penal, ya sea como víctima o victimario, para mostrarles una visión distinta de nuestro sistema de justicia penal que pueda ofrecer una respuesta más humana. Para cumplir ese objetivo, se inicia la obra con tres capítulos, que pueden considerarse introductorios, en los que se parte del concepto de Justicia Terapéutica desde sus orígenes en Estados Unidos, con las obras de los Profesores Wexler y Winick, para diferenciarla después de la justicia restaurativa y resaltar la importancia de formar a los operadores jurídicos en Justicia Terapéutica para de esta forma poner a su disposición nuevas herramientas en su quehacer diario que redunden en beneficio de quienes están involucrados en el proceso penal. A partir de aquí y a lo largo de los capítulos siguientes se van analizando las distintas figuras jurídicas propias del proceso penal y los programas de intervención con víctimas o victimarios que encajan con los postulados de la Justicia Terapéutica.Presentación / Esther Pillado González (pp. 11-12). -- Aproximación al concepto de justicia terapéutica / Esther Pillado González (pp. 13-24). -- Justicia restaurativa y justicia terapéutica: hacia una praxis reflexiva de transgresiones disciplinares / Gema Varona Martínez (pp. 25- 55). -- Formación de los operadores jurídicos en justicia terapéutica / Tamara Martínez Soto (pp. 57-90). -- Desistimiento en supuestos de delitos leves y conformidad como manifestaciones de justicia terapéutica / María Dolores Fernández Fustes (pp. 91-124). -- Mediación y justicia terapéutica / Silvia Barona Vilar (pp. 125-168). -- La denominada prisión provisional "atenuada" como manifestación de justicia terapéutica en el Derecho Español / Pablo Grande Seara (pp. 169-201). -- La protección de la víctima del delito desde el punto de vista de la justicia terapéutica / Izaskun Porres García (pp. 203-223). -- Prueba pericial psicológica en víctimas de violencia de género con enfoque de justicia terapéutica / Ramón Arce Fernández, Francisca Fariña Rivera, Mercedes Novo Pérez y Dolores Seijo Martínez (pp. 225-249). -- Evaluación e intervención con víctimas menores de edad desde la perspectiva de la justicia terapéutica. Especial referencia a las víctimas de abuso sexual infantil / Noemí Pereda Beltran y Mila Arch Marín (pp. 251-281). -- La función del juez en la determinación y ejecución de las sanciones penales privativas de libertad / Ignacio José Subijana Zunzunegui (pp. 283-311). -- A propósito de la suspensión ampliada de la pena: algunas notas sobre el acuerdo alcanzado en virtud de mediación / Fernando Vázquez-Portomeñe Seijas (pp. 313-338). -- La regulación de la libertad condicional para internos primarios: una lectura desde la justicia terapéutica / Natalia Pérez Rivas (pp. 339-372). -- Aplicación de la justicia terapeútica en la intervención con hombres que han ejercido violencia de género / Francisca Fariña Rivera, Mercedes Novo Pérez, Dolores Seijo Martínez y Ramón Arce Fernández (pp. 373-396). -- Intervención en agresores sexuales: aportaciones de la justicia terapéutica / Rui Abruhnosa Gonçalves (pp. 397-404). -- Próximos pasos en el desarrollo de la justicia terapéutica / David B. Wexler y Karla G. González Vázquez (pp. 405-412)

Proyecto para la mejora de la empleabilidad mediante el alineamiento de las competencias de los títulos de la Facultad de Economía y Empresa

Memoria ID-0143. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Terminales de teleférico de Madrid [Hojas Resumen]

Terminales de teleférico de Madri

Terminales de teleférico de Madrid [Hojas Resumen]

Terminales de teleférico de Madri