The distribution, migration phenology and spatial and temporal status of hirundinidae species in Turkey

Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de dağılım gösteren Hirundinidae familyasından yaz göçmeni 5 türün (Riparia riparia, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Hirundo rustica, Cecropis daurica, Delichon urbicum) dağılım alanları ortaya çıkarılmış, göç fenolojileri ile bölgesel ve zamansal görülme durumları değerlendirilmiştir. Türlere ait gözlem kayıtları KuşBank veri tabanı, kişisel gözlem kayıtları ve farklı kuş araştırmalarından (tez, makale, kitap, rapor, gözlem notları, internet siteleri) elde edilmiştir. Türlerin ilkbahar ve sonbahar göçlerinde farklı tarihlerde görülme durumlarını alansal olarak ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla her bir türe ait gözlem verisi 15 günlük periyotlara ayrılarak dağılım haritaları oluşturulmuştur. R. riparia, H. rustica ve D. urbicum’un dağılımına 15 günlük periyotlarda bakıldığında, dağılım alanlarının tarihe bağlı olarak enlemsel farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Ancak bu farklılık C. daurica ve P. rupestris’de hem veri azlığından hem de P. rupestris’in Akdeniz kıyılarında kışlamasından dolayı belirgin olarak görülmemektedir. R. riparia, H. rustica ve D. urbicum ilkbaharda mart sonuna kadar Akdeniz ve Ege kıyılarında dağılım gösterirken, ilerleyen zamanlarda önce Orta Anadolu, sonrasında da daha kuzeye doğru dağılım göstermektedir, tersi bir durum da sonbahar döneminde gözlenmektedir. Enleme bağlı olarak değişen iklimsel koşulların ve buna bağlı olarak da besin bulunabilirliğinin bu dağılım şeklinde etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir.In this study, the distributions, migration phenology and spatial and temporal observation status of 5 summer migrant Hirundinidae species (Riparia riparia, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Hirundo rustica, Cecropis daurica, Delichon urbicum) in Turkey were evaluated. The observation records of the species were compiled from KuşBank database, personal notes and from published materials (thesis, article, book, report, trip reports and web pages). In order to reveal the species distributions during spring and autumn migration periods temporally, distribution maps were prepared using observation data based on 15 days intervals. The 15 days intervaled distributions of R. riparia, H. rustica and D. urbicum revealed that these species showed latitudinal differences. However, the difference was not clear for C. daurica and P. rupestris because of incomplete data and because P. rupestris winters along Mediterranean coasts. R. riparia, H. rustica and D. urbicum distributed along Mediterranean and Aegean coasts in spring until the end of March, spread later first to Central Anatolia and then to northern areas in Turkey and this pattern reversed in autumn period. The latitudinal climatic differences and the resulting food availability are thought to be the reasons for such a distribution difference

Wildlife smuggling in the Turkish media

Türkiye biyoçeşitlilik açısından küçük bir kıta özelliği göstermektedir. Ülkede yerli türlerin yasal ticareti (özel izinler dışında) mümkün olmamakla birlikte, bazı yabancı ve evcil türlerin yasal ticareti yapılmaktadır. Bu nedenle zaman zaman kaçakçılık vakaları görülebilmektedir. Daha önce ülke genelinde medyada biyokaçakçılık ile ilgili bir değerlendirme yapılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada kaçakçılık haberleri Google arama motorunda farklı anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Bu haberler tarih, materyal türü (fosil, soğan, tohum, deri, tırnak, kürk, boynuz, diş, yumurta, zehir, birey), formu (canlı, ölü), takım, familya, cins, tür, coğrafi bölge ve il verileri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda 1999 – 2020 yılları arasında Türkiye’de bu konuda toplam 517 haber tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan haberlerin % 45’i biyokaçakçılık (yerli tür), % 44’ü egzotik tür, % 7’si çiftlik hayvanı ve %2’si evcil tür kaçakçılığı üzerinedir. Son on yılda özellikle canlı birey yerine bitki soğanı, diş, deri, post, kabuk ve kürk gibi vücut parçalarının kaçakçılığında dikkat çekici bir artış olmuştur. Kaçakçılık haberlerinin %49’u Marmara Bölgesi’nde yapılmıştır. Bu oranda hava limanı üzerinden yapılan kaçakçılık ile İstanbul ve karayolu kaçakçılığı ile Edirne ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu araştırma ile bitki, mantar ve hayvansal organizmaların kaçakçılığı hakkında Türk Medyası’nda yer bulmuş olan haberlerin tarihçesi ve genel durumu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu haberlerin % 37’si 2020 yılında yapılmıştır. Bu oranda, Covid 19 pandemisi nedeniyle uluslararası yaban hayatı ticaretinin askıya alınmış olmasının etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir

Feather mites of the warbler (aves: sylvııdae) species in Kızılırmak Delta, Samsun

Bu araştırma 2010-2013 yılları arasında Türkiye'de Samsun, Kızılırmak Deltası Cernek Kuş Halkalama İstasyonunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kuş göç döneminde sis ağları ile yakalanan Ötleğengiller (Sylviidae) familyasına ait 10 kuş türünde tespit edilmiş olan akarların farklı yöntemlerle toplanması ile taksonomisi, morfolojisi ve dönemsel olarak konak-tür ilişkileri üzerine bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Bu değerlendirme sonucunda; Sarcoptiformes Takımı, Astigmata Altttakımından; Proctophyllodiidae, Analgidae ve Troueesartiidae familyalarından 10 tür tüy akarı tespit edilmiştir. Bu türler şunlardır: Analges spiniger Giebel, 1871, Strelkoviacarus quadratus (Haller, 1882), Dolichodectes edwardsi (Trouessart, 1885), Proctophyllodes cetti Badek, Mironov ve Dabert, 2008, Proctophyllodes clavatus Fritsch, 1961, Proctophyllodes doleophyes Gaud, 1957, Proctophyllodes sylvia Gaud, 1957, Trouessartia bifurcata (Trouessart) 1884, Trouessartia inexpectata Gaud, 1957, Trouessartia trouessarti Oudemans, 1904. Bu türlerden Trouessartia bifurcata (Trouessart) 1884 Türkiye için yeni bir kayıttır. Tüy akarlarının takım, familya, cins ve tür düzeyinde teşhis anahtarları düzenlenmiştir. Işık mikroskobunda morfolojik görünümleri çizilmiş, çeşitli vücut kısımlarının ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobunda (SEM) genel görünümleri ve vücut kısımları fotoğraflanmıştır.This research was conducted between the years of 2010-2013 at Kızılırmak delta Cernek Bird Ringing Station in Samsun, Turkey. An assessment on the taxonomy, morphology and the periodic host-species relationships of mites collected with different methods from 10 bird species belonging to Sylviidae family, which were captured with mist-nets during the bird migration period, was performed. As a result of this assessment; 10 species of feather mites from Proctophyllodiidae, Analgidae and Troueesartiidae families of Astigmata Subordo of Sarcoptiformers Ordo was identified. These species are Strelkoviacarus quadratus (Haller, 1882), Dolichodectes edwardsi (Trouessart, 1885), Proctophyllodes cetti Badek, Mironov and Dabert, 2008, Proctophyllodes clavatus Fritsch, 1961, Proctophyllodes doleophyes Gaud, 1957, Proctophyllodes sylvia Gaud, 1957, Trouessartia bifurcata (Trouessart) 1884, Trouessartia inexpectata Gaud, 1957, Trouessartia trouessarti Oudemans, 1904. Among these species, Trouessartia bifurcata (Trouessart) 1884 is a new record for Turkey. The identification keys of feather mites are sequenced in Ordo, family, genus and species levels. The morphological appearance was drawn and the measurements of various body parts were made in the light microscopy. The general appearance and the body parts of them were photographed in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

The monitoring of feather mites (Acari, Astigmata) of the Warbler (Aves: Sylviidae) species in the Kizilirmak delta, Samsun, Turkey

Feather mites (Astigmata) arc among the most common ectosymbionts that live on birds. The present research was conducted between 2010 and 2013 in the Kizilirmak delta Cernek Bird Ringing Station in Samsun, Turkey. Assessments of the taxonomy, collection methods, and the periodic host-species relationships of the mites collected were conducted for 591 individuals of 10 bird species belonging to the family Sylviidae captured using mist nets during the bird migration periods. Ten feather mite species were identified from the families Proctophyllodidae, Analgidae, and Trouesartidae. These species are Strelkoviacarus quadratus (Haller, 1882); Dolichodectes edwardsi (Trouessart, 1885); Proctophyllodes cetti Badek, Mironov, and Dabert, 2008; Proctophyllodes clavatus Fritsch, 1961; Proctophyllodes doleophyes Gaud, 1957; Proctophyllodes sylvia Gaud, 1957; Trouessartia bifurcata (Trouessart) 1884; Trouessartia inexpectata Gaud, 1957; and Trouessartia trouessarti Oudemans, 1904. Among these species, Trouessartia bifurcata (Trouessart) 1884 is a new record for Turkey. New host records were reported from Turkey for 7 feather mite species. The least damaging method for the birds is to collect mites directly by using a stereomicroscope and forceps. The maximum number of feather mite species (7) was detected on Sylvia atricapilla and the minimum (1) on Phylloscopus trochilus. Proctophyllodes clavatus and Proctophyllodes sylvia were the most commonly recorded feather mite species

Predictive models in ecology: Comparison of performances and assessment of applicability

Ecological systems are governed by complex interactions which are mainly nonlinear. In order to capture the inherent complexity and nonlinearity of ecological, and in general biological systems, empirical models recently gained popularity. However, although these models, particularly connectionist approaches such as multilayered backpropagation networks, are commonly applied as predictive models in ecology to a wide variety of ecosystems and questions, there are no studies to date aiming to assess the performance, both in terms of data fitting and generalizability, and applicability of empirical models in ecology. Our aim is hence to provide an overview for nature of the wide range of the data sets and predictive variables, from both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems with different scales of time-dependent dynamics, and the applicability and robustness of predictive modeling methods on such data sets by comparing different empirical modeling approaches. The models used in this study range from predicting the occurrence of submerged plants in shallow lakes to predicting nest occurrence of bird species from environmental variables and satellite images. The methods considered include k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), linear and quadratic discriminant analysis (LDA and QDA), generalized linear models (GLM) feedforward multilayer backpropagation networks and pseudo-supervised network ARTMAP

The Evaluation Of Adolescents With Restless Legs Syndrome

Background:  Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), which may be a missed diagnosis in children, is seen at an important frequency. This study’s aim was to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with RLS and to show the effect of RLS on school success. Methods: Forty-three patients and 43 healthy volunteers were utilized in the study. Blood samples were taken to measure ferritin. The averages of school exam scores were recorded. The patient group was classified as mild, moderate, severe, and very severe according to the RLS rating scale. The daytime sleepiness was measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The"Turgay DSM-IV-Based Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavioral Disorders Screening and Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV-S)" was completed by parents, and patients' inattention, and hyperactivity-impulsivity scores were compared with the control group. Results: According to the RLS rating scale scores 25.6% (n:11) were mild, 60.5% (n:26) were moderate and 14% (n:6) were grouped as severe. The mean ferritin level was significantly lower in the patient group. The mean score of inattention and of hyperactivity-impulsivity in the patient group to be significantly higher than the control. The mathematics and science course mean grades were significantly lower in the patient group than the controls (66.7±17.7 vs 74.2±11.7). ESS scores were found to be significantly higher in the patient group. Conclusion: In this study, RLS has been found associated with ADHD and iron deficiency, similar to previous studies. There are few studies on the daily life effects of RLS, in children and this study has objectively shown that RLS reduces patients' school achievement

Investigation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) sub-types in children via EEG frequency domain analysis

Aim of the study: To investigate the frequency domain effects and changes in electroencephalography (EEG) signals in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Patients and methods: The study contains 40 children. All children were between the ages of 7 and 12 years. Participants were classified into four groups which were ADHD (n=20), ADHD-I (ADHD-Inattentive type) (n=10), ADHD-C (ADHD-Combined type) (n=10), and control (n=20) groups. In this study, the frequency domain of EEG signals for ADHD, subtypes and control groups were analyzed and compared using Matlab software. The mean age of the ADHD children's group was 8.7 years and the control group 9.1 years.Results: Spectral analysis of mean power (V-2) and relative-mean power (%) was carried out for four different frequency bands: delta (0--4 Hz), theta (4--8 Hz), alpha (8--13 Hz) and beta (13--32 Hz). The ADHD and subtypes of ADHD-I, and ADHD-C groups had higher average power value of delta and theta band than that of control group. However, this is not the case for alpha and beta bands. Increases in delta/beta ratio and statistical significance were found only between ADHD-I and control group, and in delta/beta, theta/delta ratio statistical significance values were found to exist between ADHD-C and control group.Conclusion: EEG analyzes can be used as an alternative method when ADHD subgroups are identified