Reproductive behavior of Tropidurus spinulosus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in captivity

Tropidurus spinulosus (Cope, 1862) is a medium-sized lizard distributed in north-central Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Brazil (Carvalho 2013) that inhabits both rocky and forest habitats (Martori and Aún 1994, Cruz 1998). Although some facets of the lizard’s natural history, such as diet, reproduction, activity, thermal ecology, and habitat use have been studied (e.g., Perez et al. 1991, Vitt 1991, Colli et al. 1992, Martori and Aún 1994, Cruz et al. 1997, Cruz 1998, López-Juri et al. 2017), little is known about the reproductive behavior of the species. The behaviors associated with courtship and mating in captivity, including information on copulation length.Fil: Pelegrin, Nicolas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentin

Assault F-150

Pages 100-10

On a branch-and-bound approach for a Huff-like Stackelberg location problem

Modelling the location decision of two competing firms that intend to build a new facility in a planar market can be done by a Huff-like Stackelberg location problem. In a Huff-like model, the market share captured by a firm is given by a gravity model determined by distance calculations to facilities. In a Stackelberg model, the leader is the firm that locates first and takes into account the actions of the competing chain (follower) locating a new facility after the leader. The follower problem is known to be a hard global optimisation problem. The leader problem is even harder, since the leader has to decide on location given the optimal action of the follower. So far, in literature only heuristic approaches have been tested to solve the leader problem. Our research question is to solve the leader problem rigorously in the sense of having a guarantee on the reached accuracy. To answer this question, we develop a branch-and-bound approach. Essentially, the bounding is based on the zero sum concept: what is gain for one chain is loss for the other. We also discuss several ways of creating bounds for the underlying (follower) sub-problems, and show their performance for numerical cases

La Ley japonesa 48/2013, de 19 de junio, para la implementación en el ámbito interno del Convenio de la Haya sobre los aspectos civiles de la sustracción internacional de menores

Japón era el único país del G8 que todavía no había firmado su adhesión al Convenio de La Haya sobre los Aspectos Civiles de la Sustracción Internacional de Menores de 1980. Cediendo ante la presión internacional, la Dieta prestó finalmente su autorización a tal fin en 2013. Con ello, el 1 de abril de 2014 entraron en vigor en Japón de modo simultáneo el Convenio de La Haya y la Ley 48/2013, de 19 de junio, para su implementación en el ámbito interno. El legislador nipón asumió así el reto de intentar adaptar a las peculiaridades de la sociedad japonesa un Convenio que, creado en Occidente, por y para occidentales, no siempre es capaz de dar respuesta satisfactoria a las necesidades de un país tan alejado sociológica y culturalmente. Pero las especiales características del Derecho japonés de familia, como la inveterada costumbre de que los hijos menores queden siempre bajo la custodia de la madre o la obligación de que la patria potestad sea ejercida por uno solo de los cónyuges tras el divorcio, la no consideración como ilícito penal de la sustracción de menores, las anticuadas normas procesales sobre ejecución de sentencias o los perniciosos efectos que la barrera cultural, idiomática y geográfica proyecta sobre el litigante extranjero, son algunos de los factores que determinan que la implantación del Convenio en Japón no resulte tarea fácil

Shades of Liberalism: Lawyers and Social, Political and Legal Transformations in Nineteenth Century Cuba

In 1819, Ferdinand VII ordered the creation of two Colegios de Abogados in Cuba to prevent the expansion of the number of legal professionals, as well as the unauthorized practice of law. The strategy, however, failed, and lawyers increasingly became a force of political and social change in the island, being mostly inspired by the debates about the implementation of liberal agendas in and out of Cuba. Some Colegios de Abogados eventually became centers of anti-Spanish conspiracy and lawyers even led recurrent uprisings for Cuban independence. Ideas of reform among Cuban lawyers, however, were diverse, and different interpretations of liberalism surfaced, especially under the influence of other movements such as annexationism and autonomism. This variety of ideas encountered one another at the Constitutional Convention of 1901, where self-proclaimed liberal delegates still questioned, for example, free education and universal suffrage, which made evident the many shades that liberalism still had in Cuba at this time. This study takes legal professionals to be a strategic window to approach and explain key social, political and intellectual transformations in nineteenth century Cuba, while unveiling the leading role lawyers themselves played in those processes. Relying on personal and professional documentation, correspondence and job applications, the dissertation recreates lawyers’ political, intellectual and social positions, and shows how they had a decisive participation in historical change in late colonial Cuba. Their ideas survived in periodical publications, newspapers, and political writings that they established or where they participated, as well as in legislations that they enacted, applied or commented on. Being the most influential professional group of the period under study, lawyers represent a perfect tool to understand the end of Spanish times in Cuba and its transit, under the flags of liberalism, to an independent republic